legends of his glorification, 415;
his death, 416; credibility of his
history examined, ib.; credulity
of Montalembert, 418; Mr. Bur-
ton's masterly analysis of his
story, 426; altered accounts of
his system, 428; his followers
distinguished from the Benedic-
tines, ib.
St. Cuthbert, miracles ascribed to
him, cxxvii. 422
St. Cyr (Gouvion, Marshal), his re-
organisation of the French army
in 1818, cxxvi. 278
St. Denis, battle of (1567), cxxx.
373
St. Germain (Comte de, d. 1784),
the wonder-monger, cxxiii. 521
St. Germain-en-Laye, Peace of
(1570), cxxxiii. 492
St. Germains, the Château described,
as the abode of the Stuarts, cxxxvi.
47, 52
Saint-Hilaire (Barthélemy) on the
study of Buddhism, cxv. 380; his
knowledge of Eastern languages,
382;
the first historian of Bud-
dhism, 389; tripartite division of
his work, 390; his story of Bud-
dha's life, 398; ascribes his meta-
physical doctrines to Brahmanism,
403; accuses him of Nihilism,
408
St. James, Scottish monastery of,
at Ratisbon, cxix. 169; its early
history, ib.; Irishmen introduced
to fill vacancies, 178; interference
of Leo. X., 179; abbots after the
Reformation, 180; visit of the poet
Campbell to, 183 note; exempted
from secularisation by Napoleon,
ib.; alienated by the Bavarian
Government, 184
St. John (Henry). See Bolingbroke
St. John (Mr. Spenser), his visit to
Sarawak in 1857, cxvi. 409; his
'Life in the Forests of the Far
East,' 414
St. Julien, Peace of (1603), cxi. 540
St. Kilian, monastery of, at Wurz-
burg, cxix. 173
St. Lawrence river, movement of the
ice on, cxiii. 76
St. Leger (Sir Anthony), his house
at Southwark, cxxxi. 181
St. Leonards (Edward Sugden, Lord,
b. 1781-1875), his quarrels and re-
conciliation with Lord Brougham,
cxxix. 590, 591; his admiration of
Lyndhurst and Brougham, 592
St. Margaret, metrical life of, cxxv.
236
Saint-Mars, his custody of the Iron
Mask, cxxxviii. 301 sqq. See Mask,
Iron
Saint Martin (L. Vivien de), on the
geography of India in the time
of Buddha, cxv. 395
St. Maur, Benedictine monastery of,
cxxvii. 89; its foundation, ib.
St. Paul, his mode of dealing with
Gentile converts, cxix. 165
St. Paul's Cathedral, original design
of, by Wren, cxviii. 85; the dome
of, 87
Dean Milman's Annals of,
cxxix. 170; early reverence for,
176; condition of, under Elizabeth,
178; secular ceremonials in, b.;
Paul's Walk, 180; instances of
desecration, ib. note; Inigo's re-
storations, 185; Paul's Cross, 188,
190; architectural defects of Old
St. Paul's, 191; report of Wren,
ib.; general features of Wren's
structure, 192; mediocrity of later
Deans, 193; Wren's Latin cross,
195; admirable adaptation of, to
sound, ib.; excessive length of
nave, 196; prejudice against mu-
ral monuments in, 198
St. Paul's, the Three Cathedrals'
of, by Mr. Longman, cxxxviii.
452; Wren's original design for
the surroundings, 453; Dean Mil-
man's censure of the old building,
454; its cost, when patched by
Inigo Jones, 455; the church of
Ethelbert, 456; Bishop Maurice's
fabric described, ib. 460; its un-
rivalled beauty, ib.; the spire
struck by lightning, 461; work of
restoration, ib.; faults of Inigo
Jones, 462; the Great Fire, ib.;
strength of the ruined walls, 463;
Wren's drawings and work, ib.
471; other designs, ib.; Wren's
mode of supporting the dome, 472;
Sir J. Thornhill's disfigurements,
473; need of light and colour,
474; question of Munich glass, ib.
475; Wren's general achieve-
ments, ib.; the Duke of York's
alterations, ib.; Mr. Fergusson's
criticisms, 476; question of Wren's
intended adornments, 478; chill-
ing aspect of interior, 479; fund
for completing the work, 480; use
of gilding, 481; grandeur of the
building when completed, 482
St. Peter, Scottish monastery of, at
Ratisbon, cxix. 171
St. Peter's (Rome), the basilica
stripped by the Saracens, exviii.
366; its precincts fortified, ib.
St. Philip Neri, his remark on In-
dulgences, cxxx. 325
St. Quentin, battle of (1557), de-
scribed by the Duc d'Aumale,
cxxx. 361
St. Simon (Louis de Rouvroy, Duke
of, 1675-1755), his account of
Leopold of Lorraine rendering
homage to Louis XIV., cxii. 80
his Memoirs edited by M.
Chéruel, cxix. 61; his manuscript
additions to Dangeau's 'Journal,'
62; his hostility to Louis XIV.,
69; compilation and date of his
memoirs, 72; probably a lifelong
work, 77; he induces the Duke of
Orleans to renounce Madame
d'Argenton, 78; anecdote of the
Duc de Chartres and the Duc du
Maine on their marriage, 79; he
succeeds to the dukedom, 80; his
memoirs an expansion of Dangeau's
narrative, 81; period comprised in
his writings, 82; his story of the
supposed poisoning of Henrietta
of England, 84; his character un-
derrated by Frenchmen, 86; his
championship of aristocracy in
France, 87; his aversion to disso-
lute pleasures, 89; reproached as a
Jansenist, ib.; his unaffected piety,
90; he quits the army in disgust, 92
St. Simon (Louis de Rouvroy, Duke
of), his plan for teaching history
to Louis XV., cxxiv. 376
St. Simon (Claudius Henry, Count
de, 1760-1825); his association
with Comte, cxxvii. 309; their
estrangement, 310
St. Sophia, the Church and Mosque
of, incongruity of Moslem wor-
ship in, cxxi. 456; ancient writers
on, 457; restorations by Che-
valier Fossati, 458; discovery of
ancient mosaics, ib.; origin of the
name, 460; original church of
Constantine, ib.; rebuilt by Con-
stantius, 461; the third basilica of
Theodosius, ib.; burnt during the
Nika Sedition, 462; Justinian's
basilica begun, ib.; claims of ad-
jacent proprietors, 463; enthusiasm
of Justinian, 465; building opera-
tions, ib.; enormous cost of, 467,
468; date of its dedication, 469;
dome ruined by an earthquake, ib.;
completion by Isidorus, ib. ; primi-
tive form of the building, 470;
present cruciform appearance, 471;
the porches, 472; divisions of the
interior, 473; the ambo, ib.; the
bema, 474; restoration of the mo-
saics, 475; graceful grouping of
pillars, ib.; Byzantine ceremonials
at, 476; later addition of but-
tresses, 477; erection of a tower,
ib.; restorations by later Greek
emperors, ib. 478; Moslem mina-
rets, ib. ; evidences of neglect, 479;
repairs by Abdul Medjid, ib.; the
type of Greek nationality, 480;
historical associations, 481; ex-
communications therein, 482; dur-
ing the Latin occupation, 484;
united Greek and Latin worship
in, 485, 486; massacre by Maho-
met, 487; legend connected there-
with, 488; Moslem thanksgiving,
ib. 489; investiture of Patriarchs
by Mahomet, ib.; military triumphs
in, 491; slaughter of the Janissaries,
ib.; architectural influence of, 492
St. Vitus' Dance, supposed cause of
the disease, cxii. 538; described as
the insanity of the muscles,' ib.
St. Wilfrid, his triumph in the
Easter controversy, cxxvii. 424
Salamanca, Gothic cathedrals at,
cxxii. 153
battle of, Marmont's account
of, cxl. 541
Salamander, specimen of, at Amster-
dam, cxi. 187
Salem (U.S.), early history of,
cxxviii. 1; Mr. Upham's work on
witchcraft at, 3; popular super-
stitions at, 5; origin of the settle-
ment, 6; hatred of Indians, 9;
Sabbath patrols, ib. ; state of social
life in, ib.; religious disputes with
the Farmers, 11; Mr. Burroughes
executed for sorcery, 13; the min-
ister Mr. Lawson, ib. ; ministry of
Mr. Parris, ib.; belief in Satanic
agency, 14; Mrs. Higgins hanged,
15; story of Cotton Mather, 17;
Mr. Parris's meetings of afflicted
children,' ib.; public examination
of witches in 1691, 18; execution
of Sarah Good, 19; tragedy of the
Towne family, 20–30; John Proc-
ter and wife, 31; the Jacobs
family, ib.; Goodman Corey, 32;
confessions of the accused, 34; end
of Mr. Parris, 37; and of Cotton
Mather, ib.; Ann Putnam's case,
38; reforms of Rev. Joseph Green,
39; causes of the Witch Tragedy
of 1692, 41; superstition at the
present day, 42
Salique law, the, cxl. 215; reasons
for, 216
Salisbury, Earls of, early residence
of, in London, cxxxi. 178
Salisbury (Marquess of, the present,
b. 1830), his secession, when Lord
Cranborne, from the Cabinet,
CXXV. 586
his unworthy scepticism as
to native appreciation of British
rule in India, cxxxiv. 383
his supposed language in
1874 on the Public Worship
Regulation Bill and the Commons,
cxl. 571; Mr. Disraeli's allusions
thereto, ib.; his vigorous Indian
administration, 580
Sallust (Caius Crispus Sallustius,
B.C. 85-35), his villa at Rome
destroyed by Alaric, cxviii. 347
Salmon, habits of, in British Colum-
bia, cxix. 463; quantities of, used
there for manuring, 464
Salmon Fisheries, cxxxvii. 153;
value of the Commission of 1860,
ib.; fanciful statistics, 154; pros-
pects of cheapness, ib. ; the fisher-
man, ib. 157; past legislation, ib.;
salmon in a state of nature, 158;
breeding seasons, 159; migrations
between fresh and salt water, b.;
theory of upper riparians,' 160;
and of estuary fishermen, 161 ;
difficulties caused to the Legisla-
ture, 162; disputes of ownership,
165; artificial obstructions, 168;
fishing-weirs, ib.; usurpations of
mill-owners, 170; Scotch and
English statutes thereon, 171;
Mr. Smith's invention of the fish-
pass,' 172; later imitations, 174;
obstructive powers of mill-owners,
175; the Committee of 1869–70,
176; want of efficient fish-passes,
ib.; the Act of 1861, 177; a court
needed to arrange disputes, 178;
expense of passes,' ib. ; results of
Commissioners' labours, 180; re-
cent improvements, 181; Bills of
Mr. Dodds and Mr. Dillwyn, ib. ;
fishery-boards and districts in the
three kingdoms, ib. 182; prospects
of reform, ib.
Salt, presence of, in the atmosphere,
cxvi. 303
taxes on, in France and Eng-
land, cxxxi. 385
Salvador (M. Joseph), his indiscri-
minate eulogy of the Mosaic law,
cxvii. 198; disbelieves the mira-
cles of Moses, 199; his explana-
tion of Christianity as a compro-
mise, 200; his theory of an eclectic
religion based on Judaism, 201;
his definition of Christianity ex-
amined, 205
Samarow (Gregor), his, 'Um Scepter
und Kronen,' cxxxvii. 422; popu-
larity of the work, ib.; the author
supposed to be Herr Meding, ib.;
too dull for translation into Eng-
lish, ib.; insipid character of the
romance portion, 423; interview
between Manteuffel and Bismarck,
ib. 426; war against Austria de-
termined on, 431; King George
V. of Hanover at Herrenhausen,
433; Court of Vienna, 435; fight
at Langensalza, 439; the Emperor
Franz Joseph, 440; Napoleon III.
and Herr Hansen, 443, 444;
Drouyn de Lhuys, 445; scene at
the Tuileries after Sadowa, 446;
Klindworth's embassy to Paris,
448; Herr von Beust, 449; Bis-
marck and Benedetti at Nikols-
burg, 451; meeting of Napoleon
with his Marshals at Paris, 452;
and with the Empress Charlotte
of Mexico, 454, 456; promised
continuation of the novel, ib.
Sambuco (Curzietto del), brigandage
of, cxxxii. 302
Same,' the adjective explained, cxl.
Samuelson (Mr. B.), his pamphlet
on the Irish Land Question, cxxxi.
282
Sanchi, the Tope at, drawings of, at
the Indian Museum, cxxx. 485;
Mr. Fergusson's description of,
502, 504; Colonel Maisey's draw-
ings of, 506
Sand, George. See Dudevant,
Madame
Sandby (Mr.), his history of the
Royal Academy, cxviii. 483; his
qualifications, ib.; the publication
withdrawn, ib.
Sandford and Merton,' origin and
authorship of, cxxvi. 490
Sandon (Lord, the present, b. 1831),
his imprudent speech in 1874 on
Education, cxl. 559
San Francisco, character of its popu-
lation, cxxix. 460, turbulent early
history of, ib.
Baron Hübner's account of,
cxxxviii. 72; steamers to Yoko-
hama, 73
San Juan, Island of, occupation of,
by General Harney, cxix. 458 ;
the Oregon treaty examined, 459;
the 'Douglas Channel' proposed
as a solution, 460
Sansavino (Andrea Contucci di, Tus-
can sculptor), his works criticised,
cxxi. 545
Sanskrit, its grammar the foundation
of Greek, cxv. 74; its aid to the
classification of languages, 83;
history of, ib.; importance of its
study, 381
discovery of, cxxxvi. 463
Santals, the aboriginal tribe of Ben-
gal, cxxix. 218, 224
Santiago (Spain), Gothic Cathedral
at, cxxii. 157
'Santissima Trinidad,' the, case of,
CXXXV. 575
Sapphires, talismanic effects ascribed
to, cxxiv. 231; applied by Greeks
and Romans to lapislazuli, 237;
etymology of, ib.; the red sapphire
or ruby, 241; other varieties, 242;
use of, in ancient gems, 552
Saracens, their desolation of the
Campagna at Rome, exviii. 365;
watch-towers to protect the Italian
coasts against, ib.; their approach
to Rome, 366; defeated at sea by
Leo IV. and John VIII., 368;
their ravages in Italy, ib.
Saragossa, French siege of (1808),
cxxxi. 76, 80
Sarawak (Borneo), changes since
Brooke's arrival, cxvi. 403; failure
of Christian mission at, 405; at-
tacked by Chinese immigrants, 407
Sard, sardion, or sardius, etymology
of, cxxiv. 237; use of, in Greek
gems, 551
Sardanapalus, supposed Assyrian
origin of the name, cxi. 63; incon-
sistent statements respecting, ib.
Sardinia, her sacrifice of Savoy to
France, cxi. 536; character of the
bargain, 537; disregard of treaties
securing the neutrality of Savoy,
549
Sargent (M.), his improved treatment
of idiots, cxxii. 39
Sarzana (Tommaso da). See Nicholas
V., Pope
Sasiola (de), Spanish Ambassador in
Saskatchewan River, the, cxix. 476
Sassetti (Filippo), on the similarities
between Sanskrit and the lan-
guages of Europe, cxxxix. 419
Sattarah (India), annexation of,
cxvii. 17
Saturn (the planet), cxl. 422; the
'Rings' of, ib. 423
Sa'ud (Ibn Abdu-l-Aziz, Prince of
Wahabees, d. 1814), his alleged
capture of Mecca, cxxii. 509 note
Saughs, raid of the,' cxx. 331
Saunders (C. B.), Official Reports of,
on Berar, cxxxvii. 225
Saurin (James, 1677-1730), his
preaching at the Hague, cxxxviii.
214
'Saurin v. Star,' limits of conven-
tual obedience determined by the
case of, cxxx. 332
Saussure, his theory of glacier mo-
tion, cxiii. 228
his love of Alpine scenery,
Cxxx. 119; his visit to Monte
Rosa, 120
Sauveur (Joseph, b. 1653), his dis-
covery respecting the vibrations of
sound, cxxvii. 104, 105
Savages, excess of brain-power above
their needs, cxxxiv. 204; their
capacity for music, 206
question of their primitive
state, cxxxv. 111. See Man,
Primitive
degradation of language in
lowest races of, cxxxix. 439 note
Savannah (U.S.), Sherman's march
against, cxxi. 287; his capture of,
ib.
Savigny (Frederic Carl von, 1779-
1861), English translations of his
legal works, cxxx. 539; on im-
portance of the study of, 555
Savings' Banks, early State encourage-
ment of, cxxxviii. 109; the Post
Office Savings' Banks, ib.; not a
proper substitute for permanent
investments, 110; vicious policy
of Mr. Lowe, ib.; comparison of
Consols, 111
Savonarola (Jerome, 1452-1498),
his political theocracy, cxxxvi.
146, 147; his short-lived influ-
ence, ib.
Savoy (Charles Emmanuel, Duke of,
1562-1630), his claim to the Man-
tuan succession, exxiii. 37; his
character by M. Cousin, 42; in-
trigues against Richelieu, 43; his
suspicious conduct to the Allies,
48
Savoy, recent annexation of, by
France, cxi. 535; previous com-
pact between France and Sardinia,
ib.; averse to the Austrian war,
536; treaty of 1564 with Switz-
erland, 539; policy of Emmanuel
Philibert, ib.; contests with Ge-
neva, 540; peace of St. Julien,
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