SPENCER, a flourishing township in Worcester County, Massachusetts, taken from Leicester, and incorporated in 1753, and contains 1322 inhabitants, and lies 12 miles w. of Worcester, on the post-road to Springfield, and 48 w. of Boston.]

[SPESUTIE, a small island at the head of Chesapeak Bay.]

[SPIRITU SANTO, a town on the s. side of the island of Cuba, opposite to the n. w. part of the cluster of isles and rocks called Jardin de la Reyna, and about 45 miles n. w. of La Trinidad.1

[SPIRITU SANTO, or TAMPAY BAY, called also Hillsborough Bay, lies on the w. coast of the peninsula of E. Florida. Some account of it may be found under the title Espiritu Santo, but this is the more proper name. It has a number of shoals and keys at its mouth, and is nine leagues n. n. w. one-quarter w. of Charlotte Harbour, and 56 s. e. by s. three-quarters e. of the Bay of Apalache. Lat. 27° 45′ n. long 82° 38' w.]

[SPIRITU SANTO, a town of Brazil in S. America. It is situate on the sea coast, in a very fertile country, and has a castle and harbour. Lat. 13° 41's. long. 38° 41' w.]

[SPIRITU SANTO, a lake towards the extremity of the peninsula of E. Florida; s. from the chain of lakes which communicate with St. John's River.]

(SPIRITU SANTO. See ESPIRITU SANTO, also SANTO ESPIRITU.]

[SPLIT ROCK, a rocky point which projects into Lake Champlain, on the w. side, about 56 miles n. of Skeensborough, bears this name. The lake is narrow, and no where exceeding two miles from Skeensborough to this rock, but here it suddenly widens to five or six miles, and the waters become pure and clear.]

SPOTSILVANIA, a county of Virginia in N. America. [See SPOTSYLVANIA.]

[SPOTSWOOD, a small town of New Jersey, Middlesex County, near the w. side of South River, which empties into the Rariton in a s. e. direction. The situation is good for extensive manufactories, and there is already a paper-mill here. It is on the Amboy stage-road, nine miles s. e. of Brunswick, and 10 w. by s. of Middleton Point.]

[SPOTSYLVANIA, a county of Virginia, bounded n. by Stafford, and e. by Caroline County. It contained, by the census of 1792, 11,252 inhabitants, of whom 5933 were slaves.] SPRING-COLD, a small island of the N.

Sea, near the coast of the province of New Jersey, between Cape May and Five Mile Island. [SPRING-COLD Cove. See COLD-SPRING

CovE.]

[SPRINGFIELD, a township of Vermont, Windsor County, on the w. side of Connecticut River, opposite to Charleston in New Hampshire. It has Weathersfield n. and Rockingham on the s. and contains 1097 inhabitants.]

[SPRINGFIELD, a post-town of Massachusetts, Hampshire county, on the e. side of Connecticut River; 14 miles s. by e. of Northampton, 74 w. s. w. of Boston, 23 n. of Hartford, and 178 n. e. of Philadelphia. The township of Springfield was incorporated in 1635 or 1645. It contains 1574 inhabitants, a Congregational church, a court-house, and a number of dwelling-houses, many of which are both commodious and elegant. The town lies chiefly on one long spacious street, which runs parallel with the river. A stream from the hills, at the e. of the town, falls into this street, and forms two branches, which take their course in opposite directions, one of them running n. and the other s. along the e. side of the street, and afford the inhabitants, from one end to the other, an easy supply of water for domestic uses. Here a considerable inland trade is carried on; and there is also a paper-mill. The original superintendant and some of the principal workmen in the armoury here, were manufacturers in Bridgewater, which is famous for its iron works.]

[SPRINGFIELD, a township of New York, Otsego County, 11 miles n. of Otsego, and between it and the lake of that name. It is 50 miles w. of Albany, has a good soil, and increases in population.]

[SPRINGFIELD, a township of New Jersey, Burlington County, of a good soil, and famed for excellent cheese; some farmers make 10,00lbs. in a season. The inhabitants are principally Quakers, who have three meeting-houses. The chief place of the township, where business is transacted, is a village called Job's-Town, 10 miles from Burlington, and 18 from Trenton. In this township is a hill three miles in length, called Mount Pisgah, which furnishes stone for building. Here is also a grammar school.]

[SPRINGFIELD, a township in Essex County, New Jersey, on Rahway River, which furnishes fine mill-seats: six or eight miles n. w. of Elizabeth Town. Turf for firing is found here.]

[SPRINGFIELD, the name of four townships of Pennsylvania, viz. in Buck's, Payette, Delaware, and Montgomery counties.]

[SPRUCE Creek, urges its winding course through the marshes, from the mouth of Piscataqua River, five or six miles up into Kittery, in York County, district of Maine.]

SPRUIGHT, a small river of the province of Guayana, in the part possessed by the Dutch. It runs into the sea near the river Poumaron.

[SPURWING, a river of the district of Maine, which runs through Scarborough, to the w. of Cape Elizabeth, and is navigable a few miles for vessels of 100 tons.]

SPYKES, a city of the island of Barbadoes. [SQUAM, a lake, part of which is in the township of Holderness, in Grafton County, New Hampshire; but the one half of it is in Strafford County. It is about five miles long, and four broad.]

[SQUAM, a short river of New Hampshire, the outlet of the above lake, which runs a s. w. course, and joins the Pemigewasset at the town of New Chester, and 10 miles above the mouth of the Winnipiseogee branch.]

[SQUAM Beach, on the sea-coast of New Jersey, between Barnegat Inlet and Cranbury New Inlet.]

[SQUAM Harbour, on the n. e. side of Cape Ann, Massachusetts. When a vessel at anchor off Newbury Port Bar, parts a cable and loses an anchor with the wind at n. e. or e. n. e. if she can carry double-reefed sails, she may run s. s. e. five leagues, which course, if made good, will carry her a little to the e. of Squam Bay. Squam (Pigeon Hill) lies in lat. 42° 48′ n. and song. 70° 39'.]

[SQUARE HANDKERCHIEF, (MOUCHOIR QUARRE) an island of some extent in the W. Indies, which lies between lat. 21° 5' and 21° 24' n. and between long. 70° 19′ and 70° 49' w.] [SQUEAUGHETA Creek, in New York, a n. head water of Alleghany River. Its mouth is 19 miles n. w. of the Ichua Town.]

[STAATESBURGH, in New York State, lies on the e. side of Hudson's River, between Rhynbeck and Poughkeepsie; about 28 miles s. of Hudson, and 71 n. of New York City.]

[STAEBROECK, a town of Dutch Guayana in S. America, on the e. side of Demarara River, a mile and a half above the post which commands its entrance. It is the seat of government, and the depository of the records. The station for the shipping extends from the fort to about two miles above the town. They anchor in a line from two to four abreast.

The long-existing differences between the colonies of Demerary and Berbice have been very lately finally adjusted, by commissioners ap

pointed for that purpose. The governments and courts of justice of both settlements have been consolidated, in consequence of the instructions carried out by Governor Carmichael; and all legal proceedings are in future to be carried on in the English language. The Court of Policy passed an act, on the 29th April, for changing the name of this town from Staebroeck to George Town.]

[STAFFORD, a county of Virginia, bounded n. by Prince William County, and e. by the Patowmac. It contains 9588 inhabitants, including 4036 slaves.]

[STAFFORD, a township of Connecticut, in Tolland County, near the s. line of Massachusetts, 10 or 12 miles n. e. of Tolland. In this town is a furnace for casting hollow ware, and a medicinal spring, which is the resort of valetudinarians.]

[STAFFORD, New, a township of New Jersey, in Monmouth County, and adjoining Dover on the s. w. It consists chiefly of pine barren land, and contains 883 inhabitants.]

[STAGE Island, in the district of Maine, lies s. of Parker's and Arrowsike Islands, on the n. side of Small Point, consisting of eight acres, not capable of much improvement; and is only remarkable for being the first land inhabited in New England by a civilized people. It is not now inhabited.]

[STAMFORD, a township of Vermont, in Bennington County; it borders on Bennington to the s. e. and contains 272 inhabitants, and has good intervale land.]

[STAMFORD, a post-town of Connecticut, Fairfield County, on a small stream called Mill River, which empties into Long Island Sound. It contains a Congregational and Episcopal church, and about 45 compact dwelling-houses. It is 10 miles s. w. of Norwalk, 24 s. w. of New Haven, 30 n. c. of New York, and 99 n. e. of Philadelphia. The township was formerly called Rippowams, and was settled in 1641.]

[STAMFORD, a township of New York, in Ulster County, taken from Woodstock, and incorporated in 1792. Of its inhabitants, 127 are electors.]

[STANDISH, a township of the district of Maine, on the w. line of Cumberland County, between Presumscut and Saco Rivers. It was incorporated in 1785, and contains 716 inhabitants. Seventeen miles n. w. of Portland, and 86 n. of Boston.]

[STANFORD, a township of New York, Duchess County, taken from Washington, and incorporated in 1793.]

[STANFORD, the capital of Lincoln County, Kentucky; situate on a fertile plain, about 10 miles s. s. e. of Danville, 28 s. by w. of Lexington, and 33 s. s. e. of Frankfort. It contains a stone court-house, a gaol, and about 40 houses.] [STANWIX, Old Fort, in the State of New York, is situate in the township of Rome, at the head of the navigable waters of Mohawk River. Its foundation was laid in 1759, by General Broadstreet, and built upon by the troops of the United States, during the late war. The British made an unsuccessful attempt to take it in 1777.] [STARKS, a plantation in Lincoln County, Maine, situate on the w. side of Kennebeck River, near Norridgewalk.]

[STARKSBOROUGH, a township in Addison County, Vermont, 12 miles e. of Ferrisburg. It contains 40 inhabitants.]

[STATEN Island, lies six miles s. w. of the city of New York, and constitutes Richmond County. The island is about 15 miles in length, and at a medium six or seven in breadth, and contains 3835 inhabitants. On the s. side is a considerable tract of level good land; but the island in general is rough, and the hills high. Richmond is the only town of any note, and that is an inconsiderable place. The inhabitants are chiefly descendants of the Dutch and French; and are noted for their hospitality to strangers, and love of their native spot.]

STATEN-LAND, an island near Cape Horn, formed by the e. part of the Straits of Maire. It is about 40 miles in length, and 12 in width; it is entirely barren and desert. The captain, Jacob Le Maire, who discovered it, together with the straits, gave it this name, in compliment to the states of the Republic of Holland, his native country. It is included between lat. 54° 45′ and 54° 56' s. and between long. 63° 40′ and 64° 48' w.

[STATES Island. See STATEN ISLAND.] STATES, UNITED. See UNITED STATES.] [STATESBURG, a post-town of S. Carolina, and the capital of Clermont County, situate on the e. side of Beech Creek, which unites with Shanks Creek, and empties into the Wateree, a few miles below the town. It contains 10 or 12 houses, a court-house and gaol. It is 26 miles s. by e. of Camden, and 76 n. by w. of Charleston.] [STAUNTON, a post-town of Virginia, and the capital of Augusta County. It is situate on the s. e. side of Middle River, a water of Patowmack, a little to the n. of Maddison's Cave. It contains about 160 houses, mostly built of stone, a court-house, and gaol. It is 68 miles from the

VOL. IV.

Sweet Springs, 78 miles s. w. by s. of Winchester, and 89 w. n. w. of Richmond.]

[STAUNTON, a large river of Virginia, which rises on the w. side of the Blue Ridge, and breaks through that mountain in lat. about 37° 10 n. and uniting with Dan River, forms the Roanoke, above the Occoneachy Islands, about 98 miles from its source. It is also called Smith's River.]

[STAUSEE, Fort, just above the Falls of Niagara, and eight miles above Queen's Town.] [STEADMAN'S Creek, in the State of New York. The main fork of this creek empties into Niagara River, above Fort Schlosser.]

[STEEP ROCKS, a curious ledge of perpendicular shelly rocks, which form the w. bank of Hudson's River, with some interruptions, for 12 or 13 miles from the Tappan Sea, to within 11 miles of New-York City. Some of these ledges are from 150 feet to 200 feet high. As you pass down the river from the Tappan Sea, by these rocks, the prospect on every side is enchanting. the n. of the Tappan Sea, a fine broad bay opens to view, skirted with high hills; on the s. the river lies under the eye as far as it distinguishes objects; on the w. are the Steep Rocks, before described; and on the e. a fine cultivate country.]

On

[STEPHENS, a cape s. w. of Cape Denbigh, on the n. w. coast of N. America, and is at the s. e. part of Norton Sound. Stuart's Island is opposite to it. Lat. 63° 40′ n. long. 162° 19' w. Between this and Shoal Ness is shoal water.]

[STEPHENS, a short river of Vermont, which empties into Connecticut River, from the n. w. in the town of Barnet.]

[STEPHENS, St. a parish of Charleston district, S. Carolina; containing 2733 inhabitants, of whom 226 are whites.]

[STEPHENTOWN, a township of good land in New York, in Rensselaer County, between Lebanon and Scoodack. It is about 14 miles square, and lies 20 miles e. of Albany. Of its inhabitants 624 are electors. The timber on the low land is pine, hemlock, beech, birch, ash, maple. On the hills, pine, hemlock, black and white oak, walnut, and poplar.]

[STERLING, a plantation in Lincoln County, district of Maine; n. w. of Hallowell, and at no great distance. It contains 166 inhabitants.]

[STERLING, in Worcester County, Massachusetts, was formerly a parish of Lancaster, called Chockset, incorporated in 1781; situate 12 miles n. e. of Worcester, and 38 w. of Boston, and contains 1428 inhabitants. Near the neck of land

30

Carolina; bounded e. by Rockingham, and w. by Surrey, and contains 8528 inhabitants, including 787 slaves. Iron ore is found here in considerable quantities, and works have been erected on Iron Creek, which manufacture considerable quantities. Chief town, Germantown.]

[STOKES, the chief town of Montgomery County, N. Carolina, near Yadkin River. It contains a court-house, gaol, and about 20 houses.]

STONE ARABIA, a village and fine tract of country so called, in Montgomery County, New York, on the n. side of Mohawk River, between 50 and 60 miles w. of Albany. This settlement was begun by the Germans in 1709. The land from the river rises on a beautiful and gradual ascent for four miles, and the principal settlement is on a wide spreading hill, at that distance from the river. The soil is excellent, and the people industrious and thriving. It suffered much from the Indians in the late war, particularly in 1780.1

[ŠTONEHAM, a township of Massachusetts, in Middlesex County, which was incorporated in 1725, and contains 381 inhabitants. It is about 10 miles n. of Boston.]

[STONE Indians, inhabit s. of Fire Fort, on Assenebayne River, N. America.]

[STONE Mountain, between the States of Tennessee and Virginia. The Virginia line intersects it in lat. 36° 30′ n. from thence to the place where Watauga River breaks through it. See TENNESSEE.]

[STONE Island, on the e. coast of Newfoundland, is near Cape Broyle, and is one of the three islands which lie off Caplin Bay.]

[STONES, is a boatable water of Tennessee, which runs n. w. into Cumberland River, six miles n. e. of Nashville.]

[STONES Fort Gut, on the s. w. side of the island of St. Christopher's; e. of Old Road Bay, and between that and Bloody Point. There is a fort on a point of land on the w. side.]

[STONEY Hill, in Baltimore County, Maryland, is five or six miles n. w. of Whetstone Fort, at the mouth of Baltimore Harbour, and two miles s. e. of Hooks-Town.]

[STONEY Point, in Orange County, New York, a small peninsula, projecting in a considerable bluff from the w. bank of Hudson's River into Haverstraw Bay; about 36 miles n. of New York city, just at the s. entrance of the high lands. In the capture of this fortress the brave General Wayne distinguished himself.]

[STONEY Mountains, in the n. w. part of N.

America, extend from the s. to the n. and in a n. w. direction, from lat. 48° to 68° n. The n. part of this range is called the Mountains of Bright Stones.]

[STONEY River, called by the French Bayouk Pierre, empties into the Mississippi four miles from Petit Goufre, and 10 from Louisa Chitto. From the mouth of what is called the fork of this river, is computed to be 21 miles. In this distance there are several quarries of stone, and the land has a clayey soil, with gravel on the surface of the ground. On the n. side of this river the land, in general, is low and rich; that on the s. side is much higher, but broken into hills and vales; but here the low lands are not often overflowed: both sides are shaded with a variety of useful timber.]

[STONINGTON, a post-town and port in New London County, Connecticut; 10 miles e. by s. of New London city. The harbour sets up from the Sound, opposite to Fisher's Island. The town is separated from Rhode Island by the e. line of the state; and was settled in 1658. Here are six places of public worship; and the number of inhabitants, in 1790, was 5648.]

[STONO Inlet, on the coast of S. Carolina, is to the s. of the channel of Charleston, at the n. e. corner of John's Island, which is bounded by Stono River on the w. It is six miles from the s. channel of Charleston, and from this inlet to that of N. Edisto, the course is s. w. by w. half w. distant 11 miles.]

[STORM Cape, in the Straits of Northumberland, is the n. limit of the mouth of Bay Verte, and forms the s. e. corner of the province of New Brunswick.]

[STOUENUCK, a township in Cumberland County, New Jersey.]

[STOUGHTON, called by the Indians, Pakemitt, or Pontipog, or Punkapaog, (that is, taken from a spring that ariseth out of red earth) a township in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, incorporated in 1726. It is bounded e. by Braintree, w. by Sharon, and is 15 miles s. of Boston. It contains 16,000 acres of land, and 1994 inhabitants. Iron ore is found here, of an excellent quality; and there is a rolling and slitting mill, which manufacture considerable quantities of steel and iron. Great quantities of charcoal, baskets and brooms, are sent from thence to Boston. Early in the war a large quantity of gunpowder, of an excellent quality, was made in this town for the American army, from saltpetre, the produce of the towns in its vicinity.]

[Srow, a township of Massachusetts, Middle