in their church; but, since this practice, whether it may have been through the displeasure of heaven, or other reason, we know not, not a vestige of an olive-tree remains. In lat. 29° 12′. [RIONEYRO, a town of the province and government of Buenos Ayres, situate on a river of the same name, near the sea, in lat. 40° 50′s. long. 62° 23′ 30′′ w.]

RIOS, LOS TRES, a large river of the island of St. Domingo, in the part possessed by the French. It rises in the valley of Inojuelo, runs n. n. w. and enters the sea on the n. coast, at Port of Paz.

Rios, other three rivers, of the same island, on the s. coast; distinct from the former, but also in the territory of the French. They run into the sea between the settlement of the English and Port Pimiento.

Rios, other three, of the island of Martinique. They are small, run s. e. in the extremity of the island which looks to the w. and enter, almost united, the sea, opposite the settlement of Diamante, in a bay.

RIOS, other three, on the e. coast of the island of Guadaloupe. They run united into the sea, between the Grand Ance and the Point of Petit Carbet.

RIO SECO, a settlement of the province and government of Tucumán in Peru, on the s. shore of the river S. Miguel, [which enters itself into the Salado, near the lake of the same name. A fort has been built here, to restrain the Infidel Indians.]

Rio, another settlement, in the jurisdiction of Honda and government of Mariquita in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It is of a very hot temperature, produces some fruits of this climate, and contains 100 housekeepers, besides a few Indians, and is subject to a constant plague of mosquitoes: close to the town of Honda, in the high road leading to Santa Fé.

RIO SEGUNDO, a settlement of the same province and government as the former.

RIO TERCERO, a settlement of the same province and government as the former, on the shore of a river which gives it its name.

This river rises in the sierra to the s. w. of the city of Cordoba, runs e. and augments its stream by a smaller river called El Saladillo. On its banks are many estates of cattle, the which are constantly attacked and destroyed by the Infidel Abipones and Guaicurus.

RIO VERDE, SANTA CATALINA MARTIR DE, a settlement of the head settlement of the district and alcaldía mayor of Potosi in Nueva

España. It is the capital of the missions of this name, and where the religious of S. Francisco have a convent. Its population is composed of -100 families of Spaniards, Mustees, and Mulattoes, and some Chichimecos Indians, lately converted to the catholic faith. Their employment is in breeding large and small cattle, and in sowing maize, chile, French beans, and cotton; as also in the cultivation of many different kinds of fruits. In its vicinity are two small wards, where also the religious of S. Francisco have a convent. Thirty-five leagues e. of its head settlement.

RIO VERDE, a settlement of the province and captainship of San Vincente in Brazil, between the settlements of Rongua and Morungaba.

RIO VIEJO, a settlement of the province and government of Cartagena in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; in an island of the grand river Magdalena.

[RIPPACANOE Creek, in the N. W. Territory, is a w. branch of Wabash River. The Kickapee Indian town lies near it. Its mouth is 20 miles above the Lower Weau towns.]

[RIPTON, a township in Addison County, Vermont, 22 miles e. of Lake Champlain.]

[RISTIGOUCHE River, on the n. side of Chaleur Bay, is two leagues from W. Nouville, and runs a w. course in general. It is navigable for ships and brigs seven leagues from its mouth, and abounds with salmon and wild fowl. Many salmon fisheries are carried on here to considerable advantage.]

RISTIGOUCHE, another river of the same province, which also rises from a lake, runs s. e. and turning n. enters the sea in the Bay of Chaleurs.

RITA, S. a settlement of the province and government of Cartagena in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, on the w. shore of the river Grande de la Magdalana, and s. s. e. of the town of Tenerife. It is of an extremely hot climate, but abounding in plantains and sugar-canes. In lat. 9° 58′ n.

RITA, another settlement, in the country of the Guayazas Indians, and kingdom of Brazil; on the shore and at the source of the river Tocantines.

[RIVANNA, a small n. w. branch of James's River in Virginia, whose head waters unite a few miles n. of Charlottesville, and empties into James's River, about two miles above Elk Island. It is navigable for canoes and batteaux to its intersection with the s. w. mountains, which is about 22 miles; and may easily be opened to navigation through these mountains, to its fork above Charlottesville.]

RIVELATA, a cape or point of land on the coast of the province and government of Venezuela and Nuevo Reyno de Granada, in the N. Sea, and s. e. of Coro. It covers a great but shallow bay, and is formed by the river Verde.

[RIVERHEAD, a township of New York, situate in Suffolk County, in Long Island. It was taken from the township of Southold, and incorporated in 1792; 244 of its inhabitants are qualified electors.]

[RIVER OF THE WEST, in the n. w. part of N. America, empties into the ocean in about lat. 43° 17' 30" n. It is little known, except near its mouth.]

[RIVIERE, GRANDE, in Lower Canada, empties into the ocean through the n. shore of Chaleur Bay, about six leagues w. n. w. of Cape Despair. Here is a considerable cod fishery.] RIVIERE, GRAND, a river of the island of Guadaloupe, which rises in the mountains of the e. runs to this rhumb, and enters the sea between the Goayaves and the Grand Carbet. At its mouth is a convent of the religious of St. Domingo.

RIVIERES, TROIS, a large and navigable river of Canada; thus called from being entered by two other rivers on either shore, near its entrance into the St. Lawrence. It rises from the lake St. Thomas, and runs s. e.

RIVIERE, a port in the island of St. Juan in Nova Scotia, on the s. coast, and in the strait formed by both coasts.

RIXOS, Mines of, a real of gold-mines, and settlement of Portuguese in the kingdom of Brazil, on the shore and at the source of the river Paraupasa.

[ROANOKE Inlet, on the n. coast of N. Carolina, leads into Albemarle Sound. Lat. 35° 56' n. long. 75° 56′w.]

[ROANOKE Island, is on the s. side of Albemarle Sound. The n. end of the island forms the s. side of Roanoke Inlet.]

[ROANOKE, a long and rapid river, is formed by two principal branches, Staunton River, which rises in Virginia, and Dan River, which, some say, rises in N. Carolina; but its most remote source is in Virginia. The low lands on this river are subject to inundations. It is navigable only for shallops, nor for these, but about 60 or 70 miles, on account of falls, which, in a great measure, obstruct the water communication with the back country. It empties by several mouths into the s. zo. end of Albemarle Sound. The planters on the banks of this river are supposed to be the wealthiest in N. Carolina. The lower part of this river was formerly called Mozattoe.]

[ROANOKE River, Little, empties into Staunton River from the n., about 15 miles above the junction of Dan and Staunton Rivers.]

[ROARING River, a boatable water of Tennessee State, which runs n. w. into Cumberland River, 12 miles s. w. of the mouth of Obas River.]

ROATAN, or RATTAN, an island of the N. Sea, in the Bay of Honduras, [32 miles n. w. of Porto Castillo or territory of Delgado, and 16 w. of the island of Guanaja or Bonacca.] It is 30 miles long and nine wide; is naturally fortified by rocks and shoals, which defended its fort; and the entrance to this is rendered still more difficult, as being so narrow that not more than one vessel can pass at a time. Notwithstanding this, the port is the best that is known, capable of containing 500 vessels, which may lie in it with perfect security. This island is covered with woods, enjoys a very healthy climate, and is not so warm as that of Jamaica, as it is refreshed by a pleasing cool air when the wind is in the e. It abounds in excellent water, in wild boars, dainos, ducks, pigeons, and parrots; and on its coast are found tortoises, and all kinds of fish. Here are also cocoa-nuts, wild figs, and excellent grapes; but it is infested with a species of snakes, which are here called contravandistas, as thick as a man's body, from 12 to 14 foot long, with an immense mouth, and which, when extended along the ground, have the appearance of the trunk of a large tree which may have lain some time on the ground and become covered with mire.

This island was desert and uninhabited until 1742, when the English, commanded by Major Crawford, established themselves in it to protect the hewers of Campeche-wood, and to ensure the commerce of indigo and cochineal with the Spaniards of Guatemala. In the s. part are some ports, amongst the which is Port Royal, the farger, and that called Del Norte, defended by a coast of rocks, and, besides these, some little channels fit for small vessels. This island may be considered the key of the Bay of Honduras, and the focus of the commerce of the neighbouring provinces. In the w. part of it are some meadows in which breed mules, and of these meadows consists the greater part of its territory. In lat. 16° 23′ n. long. 86° 45′ w.

[ROBERDEAU, a small fort which was erected in Bald Eagle, or Sinking Spring Valley, in Pennsylvania, during the late war. It was erected for the protection of those who then worked at the lead mines. But the Indian war raging

around them, they were forced to abandon the enterprise. See BALD EAGLE VALLEY. Y.] [ROBERT BAY, on the e. coast of Newfoundland, separated from Spanish Bay by a very narrow neck of land; and about e. n. e. four miles about the point from Port Grave.]

ROBERT, Bay, in the island of Martinique. It is nearly two leagues deep, and is formed by two points, called, that of the e. part, of La Rosa; and, that of the w. of Los Galeones. At the mouth or entrance it has two small islands, the one opposite the other, and against which the heavy seas break, thereby rendering the bay secure for vessels. Indeed it is one of the best known, capable of containing a numerous fleet, and with such convenience, that, however large the ships, they can lie close to the land, and may be unladen by a plank.

[ROBERTSON, a new county of Tennes

see.]

[ROBESON, a county of N. Carolina, situate in Fayette district, and bounded s. w. by the State of S. Carolina. It contains 5326 inhabitants, including 533 slaves. Chief town, Lumberton.]

ROBINAL, a settlement of the province and alcaldía mayor of Zacatepeques in the kingdom of Guatemala.

[ROBIN HOOD's Bay, on the e. coast of Newfoundland, is frequented by small vessels, as they can fish here to advantage. It is not far from Trinity Harbour, and near to Fox Islands.

ROBINSE, a settlement of the island of Barbadoes, in the district and parish of St. Juan, near the e. coast.

ROBINSO, a settlement of the same island as the former, in the district of the city of Bridg

town.

ROBLES, a river of the province and government of Popayán in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, to the n. w. It rises in the mountains of Pijagua, runs n. e. and unites itself with the river Hondo to enter the Cauca by the w. part, in lat. 2° 34' n.

ROBLIGED, Point of, on the n. coast of the island of Margarita, and at its w. extremity.

ROCA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Caxatambo in Peru, annexed to the euracy of the settlement of Ticllos.

ROCA, a large shoal of the n. coast of Nueva España, in the province and alcaldía mayor of Tabasco, between the sierras of San Martin and the river Goazacoalco.

Roca, an archipelago of small desert islands

on the coast of the province and government of Venezuela in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada: they are about 90 miles n. w. from the island of Tortuga, stretching about 23 miles from the e. to the w. and 10 from n. to s.

The most northern of these islands is the most worthy of note, from a lofty mountain of white stone which it has at the w. extremity, and is discovered at a great distance. On the s. side is a fountain of fresh water, but with a sulphureous taste, which makes it disagreeable to the palate. The centre of this island is low, and covered with a long grass, in which are found to breed many small birds, but which lay very large eggs. The extremity is full of trees, and the territory covered with a minute sand, the same being inundated at the high sea tides. The port is in the centre, in the s. part.

The other islands are low, and that which is closest to the one above spoken of, is very small, a flat, without trees, and producing nothing but grass. At one league from this are two other, at 200 yards distant from each other, and the canal dividing them being of sufficient depth for large vessels. Both these islands are full of mangles, since the soil is very low, and constantly swamped.

The navigation amongst these islands is made easily, though from w. to s. as the winds constantly blow from e. and n. raising a high sea. Towards the s. the waters are more quiet, and here, close to the shore, there is no bottom to be found, save at 100 feet deep. The mangroves which grow in these islands are of three different kinds, black, red, and white. The first is the largest sort, nearly as big as the European oak, and of 20 feet in height. Its wood is in great request, but of little use for building. The second grows ordinarily on the coast, and on the shore of the rivers, is not so thick as the other, but has many roots, which rise out of the ground to the height of six, eight, or 10 feet, terminating in one trunk or body, so that it is impossible to walk where these trees are; as their branches are so thick and intertwined. The wood of the last mentioned is strong, and useful for many purposes; and in the inner part of its core it is red. The third sort does not grow so high as the others, and its wood is of little use. These islands are situate in long. 66° 45′ w. lat. 11° 55′ n.

ROCACURA, a settlement of Indians of the district of Tolten Baxo in the kingdom of Chile; on the sea-coast, and at the entrance of the river Chile.

ROCA-MAYOR, a rock at the entrance of

the port of Cayenne, of the French; antiently called Aimable: n. n. w. of the point of La Fuerte, at the distance of 300 toises. It is always covered by the water, save at the low tide, when it stands out seven feet; though vessels may at any time approach to it with safety to within 50 toises: also, when they enter the port, they leave it to larboard, passing it at a cable's length or less.

[ROCA PARTIDA, a small island in the N. Pacific Ocean, . from the isle of Socoro; and in about lat. 18° 57′ n. and long. 111° 10' w.]

ROCAS, Bay of the, on the coast of the Straits of Magellan, at the entrance of the n. part of the third narrow pass called Del Pasage.

ROCAS, some islands of the S. Sea, on the coast of Peru. They are two, and stand at the mouth of the river Pisagua, in the province and corregimiento of Carangas.

ROCA DE ILHEOS, a small island of the N. Sea, on the coast of the province and government of Venezuela, near another island called Orchilla; of a very hot climate, but inhabited ; in lat. 11° 51'n.

ROCA, a point of land or cape of the s. coast of St. Domingo, and part possessed by the French; between Cape Marchale and Point Margot.

ROCA, another, on the n. coast of the same island, between the Petit Trou and the point of Salina.

ROCA, another cape, on the coast of the river St. Lawrence in Canada: one of those which form the mouth of the river Chene.

ROCA, a small river of the island of Martinique, which runs n. and enters the sea between that of Basse Point and that of Macouba. ROCA, another river, of the province and go

vernment of Luisiana.

ROCA, an island, situate near the s. coast of Lake Superior in Canada, to the e. of that of Hurons. ROCHA, a town of the province and government of Buenos Ayres, situate on a small river, a little to the n. of a lake of the same name, and about 35 miles n. e. of Maldonado, in lat. 34° 22′ s. long. 54° 12′ 58′′ w.

[ROCHE, CAPE DE LA, on the n. side of the island of St. Domingo, is about five leagues w. of Old Cape Francois.]

[ROCH, RIVIERE A LA, a river of the N. W. Territory, which runs a s. w. course, and empties into the Mississippi 57 miles above the Iowa Rapids.]

ROCHE FONTAINE, a rocky shoal of the port of Cayenne; situate towards the s. at the distance of a cable and an half from the ordinary

sounding: but it is surrounded with a very extensive miry bottom, where there is not more than eight feet water; so that a vessel drawing more than this, should it enter, would be sure to sink into the mire, and it should therefore make for the rhumb of the mountain of Pont, n. c. to the e. and s. w. to the w.

ROCHEL, a settlement of the province and colony of New York.

ROCHELOIS, two rivers of the island of St. Domingo, in the part possessed by the French. They run to s. e. and enter the sea on the n. coast of the bay Grande, between the river Nipe and the bay Hållada.

ROCHELOIS, a port on the coast of Nova Scotia.

ROCHE-NORE, a rocky shoal in the port of Cayenne; 500 toises w. n. w. of another called Roca Mayor. Some pilots give it the name of Banco del Aquila, as it is near the sand-banks to the w. The vessels which come to this port are accustomed to enter on the star-board tack, in order to avoid the rock. It has 14 foot water at high tide.

ROCHER, a shoal of rock near the coast of the province of Sagadahook, between Point Neshe and the island Mont-Desert.

ROCHER, a fort in Canada, on the shore of the river Illinois, and opposite the fort of Mi

amis.

[ROCHESTER, the n. w. township of Windsor County, Vermont, and contains 215 inhabitants.]

[ROCHESTER, a township of Massachusetts, Plymouth County, 53 miles s. of Boston. It was incorporated in 1686, and contains 2644 inhabitants.]

[ROCHESTER, a considerable township in Strafford County, New Hampshire, on the w. side of the n. branch of Piscataqua River, 19 miles n. w. of Portsmouth, and 14 s. by e. of Middleton. It was incorporated in 1722, and contains 2857 inhabitants.

[ROCHESTER, a township in Ulster County, New York, extending w. to Delaware River. It is about 12 miles s. w. of Esopus, and contains 1628 inhabitants, of whom 228 are electors, and 281 slaves.]

ROCK, a small river of the province and colony of N. Carolina.

Rock, another, in the province and colony of Virginia.

[ROCKAWAY, a small post-town in Morris County, New Jersey, on the s. side of the river of its name, 10 miles n. by w. of Morristown,

15 s. e. of Newton, and 63 n. e. by n. of Philadelphia.]

[ROCKBRIDGE, a mountainous county of Virginia, bounded n. by Augusta, and s. by James River, which divides it from Botetourt County. It contains 6548 inhabitants, of whom 682 are slaves. The Natural Bridge, so elegantly described by Mr. Jefferson, in his Notes on Virginia, is in this county.]

[ROCK FISH, a n. w. branch of James River, in Virginia, at the mouth of which is some indifferent marble, generally variegated with red, blue, and purple. It forms a large precipice, which hangs over a navigable part of the river. None of the marble has ever yet been worked.] [ROCKFORD, a post-town of N. Carolina.] [ROCKHILL, a township of Buck's County, Pennsylvania.]

[ROCKINGHAM, one of the five counties into which the State of New Hampshire is divided. It lies on the s. e. part of the State; having the Atlantic Ocean on the s. e. the county of Hillsborough on the w. Strafford on the n. and the State of Massachusetts on the s. It is about 60 miles long, and 30 broad. It embraces the only sea-port, and most of the commercial towns in the state. It contains 46 townships, and 43169 inhabitants. Chief towns, Portsmouth, Exeter, and Concord.]

[ROCKINGHAM, the n. easternmost township in Windham County, Vermont, is situate on the w. bank of Connecticut River, which separates it from Walpole, in New Hampshire. It contains 1235 inhabitants.]

[ROCKINGHAM, a county of Salisbury district, N. Carolina, bounded e. by Caswell, and w. by Stokes. On the banks of the Dan, which waters this county, are large tracts of fertile low land. A furnace and forge have been erected on Troublesome Creek. Iron ore is found in many parts of the county. It contains 6187 inhabitants, including 1100 slaves.

[ROCKINGHAM, the chief town of Richmond County, N. Carolina. It is seated on an eminence, about six miles e. of Great Pedee River, and contains a court-house, gaol, and a few dwelling-houses. It is 68 miles s. s. w. from Hillsborough, and 71 s. from Bethania.]

[ROCKINGHAM, a mountainous county of Virginia, bounded n. by Shenandoah, and s. by Augusta. It contains 7449 inhabitants, including 772 slaves.]

[ROCKINGHAM, a post-town and the seat of the courts of the above county, is situate on a branch of Shenandoah River, and contains a

VOL. IV.

court-house, gaol, and about 30 houses. It is 88 miles e. by n. of the Sweet Springs, 20 n. e. of Staunton, and 44 s. w. of Strasburg.]

[ROCKEMECKO, or ROCKOMESBO, a township in Lincoln County, district of Maine. In 1790, the plantations of New Sandwich, Livermore, and Rockomesbo, contained 400 inhabitants.]

ROCKLAND, a town of the province of New York.

[ROCKONCAMA, a pond of about a mile in circumference, in the centre of Long Island, New York State, between Smithtown and Islip. It is continually ebbing and flowing; rising gradually for several years, until it has arrived to a certain height, and then falls more rapidly to its lowest bed.]

[ROCKY, a small river of N. Carolina, which empties into Yadkin River.]

[ROCKY Meadows, called by the French La Prairie du Rocher, on the e. side of the river Mississippi, 12 miles n. of Kaskaskias, and three s. of Fort Chartres. About 20 years ago it contained 100 white inhabitants, and 80 Negroes.]

[ROCKY Mount, or FRANKLIN COURTHOUSE, in Virginia, on the n. side of Staunton River, where is a post-office; is 14 miles n. from Martinsburg, 31 s. from Liberty.]

[ROCKY Point, a perpendicular rock 70 feet high, on the s. shore of Lake Erie, lies 41 miles s. from the port of Aux Pins, and 90 w. of Presquile.]

ROCKY MOUNTAINS, of N. America, running in a direction nearly from n. w. to s. e., and being a continuation of the chain running through Mexico: they extend as far as to lat. 50° n., their elevation after this pointbeing very inconsiderable.

[The two subjoined delineations of two tribes of Indians, who inhabit the country on the e. side of the Rocky Mountains, are a summary from the pen of Mr. Mackenzie.

The Knisteneaux are of a moderate stature, well proportioned, and of great activity. Examples of deformity are seldom to be seen among them. Their complexion is of a copper colour, and their hair black, which is common to all the natives of N. America; it is cut in various forms, according to the fancy of the several tribes, and by some is left in the long lank flow of nature: their eyes are black, keen, and penetrating; their countenance open and agreeable; and it is a principal object of their vanity to give every possible decoration to their persons. A material article in their toilets is vermilion, which they contrast with their native blue, white, and]

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