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impersonal force." 21, Rev. Professor Plumptre, "Infidelity confuted by its own concessions." 28, the Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol, "The contrast between Christianity, as the Hope of the World, and the Despair of Unbelief."

RESTORATION OF A CITY CHURCH.-The church of St. Mary Aldermary, in Queen Victoria-street, is about to be restored at a cost of £12,000. The church of the adjoining parish has been taken down and from the proceeds of the sale of the site on which it stood the expense of the restoration is to be defrayed. St. Mary's is to be fitted with open benches, and the floor of the nave and aisles will be laid with ornamental encaustic tiles. The structural alterations will include the formation of an entirely new and much enlarged chancel, approached from the nave by a flight of five steps, paved with polished Sicilian marble. Each side of the chancel will be fitted with stalls in carved oak, and over the altar will be a sculptured reredos. The mural decorations will be of an elaborate character, and in the windows stained glass is to be introduced. CHURCHES RESTORED.-The Bishop of Hereford on Easter Tuesday assisted at the Services held at St. Mary Magdalene, Bridgworth, on its being reopened after a very careful restoration. The windows in the church have been filled with stained glass by several parishioners in memory of deceased relatives, while some ladies have given the lectern, pulpit, and other belongings. The organ has been removed to a chamber behind the chancel from the gallery, and the choir filled with oak stalls. The Mayor and Corporation attended in State.-On the following day the Bishop of Peterborough preached in St. Nicholas' Church, Leicester, on the occasion of the opening of a new aisle.-On Friday the Bishop of Winchester opened the new parish church of St. Nicholas', Guildford, the erection of which is due to the exertions of the late Dr. Monsell. The total cost of the structure is £12,000, nearly the whole of which Amount has been raised by subscriptions.-The church of Kingstanley, Gloucestershiee, which has been undergoing considerable alteration and restoration during the last two years, at a cost of £3,000 or £4,000, has been reopened, the Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol preaching on the occasion. The Rev. A. H. Stanton and the Rev. R. H. Clutterbuck were announced to preach on Sunday. There was no idea that alteration any would be made, and the congregation were naturally surprised to hear the Bishop himself make the announcement, previous to commencing his sermon (after quietly speaking to the Vicar), that it was his duty to say that on Sunday next sermons would be preached in the morning and evening by the Bishop of the Diocese, thus virtually inhibiting both the Revs. Messrs. Stanton and Clutterbuck.-The parish church of Aldburgh, has been efficiently restored, and on Thursday was reopened, the Bishop of Norwich being the preacher.

EASTER DAY AT THE GREEK CHURCH.-This year Easter and the cycle of festivals dependent upon it fell on the same days in the East and in the West. The service at the Greek Church, London-wall, attracted a far larger attendance than the building could accommodate, and many persons were unable to obtain admittance. The floor of the church and the marble steps leading to the altar were strewn with laurel leaves in commemoration of the Redeemer's triumph over death; and for the black curtain which from time to time covered the principal entrance to the sanctuary on the afternoon of Good Friday, one of white satin, embroidered with gold was substituted. In addition to the light of the huge central candelabrum, and a number of gigantic candles in front of the sanctuary, the glimmering of hundreds of long tapers held in the right hands of the male worshippers during various portions of the service, and which were in the first instance lighted from a large candle held by the venerable Archimandrite on the steps leading from the altar, almost completely shut out the bright morning sunshine, although occasionally blue, scarlet, and violet rays, forcing an entrance through the many-coloured windows, and falling in polychromatic beauty upon the floor, walls, and the faces of the worshippers, gave evidence that a light brighter than any artificial one was shining outside the walls of the sacred edifice. The Archimandrite was clad in a long robe of cloth of silver, above which was a gorgeous cope of cloth of gold, and he wore, except at intervals, the customary sable high cap or mitre. The service, which commenced at eleven o'clock and did not terminate until one o'clock, was a most impressive one, and at its conclusion a flower-strewn table, covered with a snowy cloth, was placed in front of the sanctuary. Upon it were laid two handsomely-decorated baskets filled with crimsonstained eggs, and these were distributed to the congregation by the Archimandrite, each recipient reverently kissing his hand as he or she received the eggs. The congregation then separated, the members bestowing outside upon their friends and acquaintances the customary kiss of peace, exclaiming as they did so, "Christ has risen," and receiving in return the beautiful response "He has truly risen."- Guardian.

ALL SOULS' COLLEGE, OXFORD.-The work of restoration at the fine chapel of All Souls' College is being continued, prominent among it being the magnificent reredos, which is justly considered to be the finest not only in England but in Europe. The last addition made was the erection of the central piece, which consists of a Crucifixion group in high relief. The architecture has been completed, and the greater portion of the sculpture is in situ. It will consist, when quite finished, of 35 statues and 100 statuettes surrounding the above-mentioned Crucifixion centrepiece, and each of the statues stands in an elaborately-carved canopied niche. The subjects of the principal statues, which form three tiers or stages are:-First tier: St. Jude, St. Simon, St. Philip, St. Bartholomew, St. Andrew, St. Peter, St. Michael, St. Paul, St. James, St. Matthew, St. James-the-less, and St. Matthias. Second tier: The Duke of York; John Talbot, the great Earl of Shrewsbury, in the attitude of planting his flag under the walls of Rouen; Michael, Earl of Suffolk; John, Duke of Bedford; St. Jerome, St. Gregory, St. John the Baptist, St. Augustine, St. Ambrose, Thomas Duke of Clarence; Humphrey Duke of Gloucester; an archer; and Thomas Montacute, Earl of Salisbury. Third tier: The present Earl Bathurst (the senior fellow of All Souls', and the munificent donor of the reredos), Catherine of France, Henry V., Margaret of Anjou, Archbishop Chichele, the group of the Crucifixion, Henry VI., Bishop Warham, John Gaunt, Bishop

Goldwell, and Cardinal Beaufort. The tympanum of the reredos contains a group representing the Day of Judgment. The statuettes comprise all the leading characters in Old and New Testament history. Each statue and statuette is a study in itself, and the opinion of eminent art critics is only echoed in the wish that some of our most eulogised national monuments were equal to any one of the statutes which adorn the reredos in All Souls', in richness and fidelity of conception, or in truth and skill of execution. The flooring of the chapel has been completed in choice grey marble, and the chancel has been laid with multi-coloured marbles of every rare variety, in a design of great richness and intricacy, the Holy Table being also of marble. The oak panelling has been restored, and decayed portions made good.

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FRAGMENTA VARIA.-Bishop Claughton is engaged on the Continent holding Confirmations for the Bishop of London.-Several choirs were vested in surplices on Easter Day for the first time: amongst others that of the parish church of St. Mary Abbotts, Kensington, and of Leiston, Suffolk.-Dr. Irons, officiating in his parish church of St. Mary, Woolnoth, on Easter Day, wore his scarlet cassock under his surplice instead of a black one.-The Bishop of Lincoln has issued a prayer for use in his Diocese for the Increase of the Episcopate.-At Norwich Cathedral on Easter Eve the Nicene Creed was sung after the sermon with orchestral accompaniments; and at the Early Celebration of the Blessed Sacrament on Easter Day processional hymns were sung.-The Oldham Board of Guardians have appointed a Dissenting preacher "chaplain of the workhouse.-Several very handsome stained-glass windows have been placed in the church of St. Philip, Stepney: one was uncovered on Good Friday and represents the Crucifixion. There only remain now two not of stained-glass.-On Wednesday in Holy Week the Chaplain-General of the Forces held a Confirmation at the Royal Military Asylum, Chelsea, and eighty soldier boys received the Laying on of Hands. On Easter Day nearly the whole of them received their first Communion.-At St. Paul's, Clerkenwell, 182 children were baptized on Easter Tuesday.-The suggestion to build a church at Clifton for the Rev. Flavel S. Cook seems, it is said, "to be falling from the memory of those who made it."-Prebendary Milward has resigned the office of proctor in Convocation for the Diocese of Bath and Wells in consequence of ill-health.-The chapel at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, is being embellished by the insertion of four new stained-glass windows, the gift of Dr. and Mrs. Geldart. One window represents our Blessed Lord as a shepherd, bearing a lamb in His arms; and the other, the Child Jesus and His Mother, where He says, "Wist ye not that I must be about My Father's business?"-Five hundred and thirty-four clergymen of the Irish Church have formally protested against the statutes passed by the General Synod in 1875.-The Special Evening Services in Westminster Abbey for this season commenced on Low Sunday.The Rev. J. Tagert, twenty-one years curate at Bideford, has been appointed Rector of Morwenstow.-Wilcot Church, near Pewsey, Wilts, has been destroyed by fire. The Tablet reports the death at Rome of the Rev. R. Simpson, formerly Vicar of Mitcham, who left the Church of England about thirty years ago. Mr. Simpson was some time Editor of the Rambler.-At St. Bartholomew's, Brighton, on Easter morning, the first celebration of the Blessed Sacrament took place at 4.45; and at St. John-the-Divine, Kennington, the first celebration was long before the commencement of service, the crowd trying to gain at half-past four. At evensong it was found necessary to close the doors admittance being so great.-The Bishop of Hereford commenced his Visitation on Monday. The Bishop of Lincoln intends holding a Visitation, commencing on Tuesday, October 17, at Lincoln Cathedral.— A suit is threatened against the Rev. C. Bodington, at the instance of seventy-five parishioners. On the other hand, "fifteen hundred residents, including four hundred and ten communicants, have signed an Address praying to be let alone." One of the "aggrieved" parishioners is a Jew. -On Sunday the Rev. E. A. J. FitzRoy preached his farewell sermons at St. Paul's, Mill-hill, and in the afternoon held an out-door service on the site given for a new church to be dedicated to St. Michael and All Angels, by Commander Perceval, R.N., who had written from Naples asking Mr. FitzRoy to do so before he resigned.-On Saturday the Bishop Suffragan of Dover, acting for the Archbishop of Canterbury, consecrated a cemetery at Norwood. Two mortuary chapels are to be erected in it, one for Churchmen, the other for Nonconformists, at a cost of £25,000.-The Archdeacon of Ely, in his visitation charge delivered at Cambridge on Saturday, advocated the granting of facilities for acquireing fresh burial-grounds to be opened to all, while, as to services, he should see no objection, at the request of the friends of the deceased, to allow silent burial in consecrated grounds, or to the use by like request of some other service prepared by competent authority. -The Rev. G. W. Manning, Vicar of St. Petrock Minor, Cornwall, died on Saturday. He had his coffin made some years ago, furnished with mattress and pillow, in which he constantly slept.The oldest Clergyman in the Diocese of London, the Rev. Dr. Vivian, Rector of St. Peter-le-Poer, City, died last week. The benefice is worth about £1,200 a-year, and, it is said, will be conferred by the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's on the Rev. J. H. Coward.-The new chapel of Keble College, Oxford, was opened yesterday. Canon Liddon was the preacher at Evensong. The principal features of the decoration of the interior are painted glass in the windows and mosaics in panels on the walls.

MR. C. S. GRUEBER'S DECLARATION.

We have been requested to publish the following Letter addressed to the Bishop of Bath and Wells. The Declaration which follows being too long for our space, we give its main portions:

"Hambridge Vicarage, Curry Rivell, Taunton, "March 30, 1876.

"My dear Lord,-I beg leave to place in your lordship's bands, as my diocesan, the accompanying Declaration, which is to be made public. "It is my defence against charges of disloyalty and disobedience in

not accepting decisions of the Judicial Committee as the law of this Church and realm.'

"I desire to add here that I take no part in any movement that may have for its object the severance of members of the Church of England from its communion, it being my settled purpose to cling to the old Church of this land, my Bishop, and my people.

"I cannot conclude this letter without an expression of thankfulness to your lordship for acts of personal and official kindness oftentimes received. Believe me to be, my lord, your very faithful servant, "C. S. GRUEBER. "To the Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Bath and Wells."

"DECLARATION.

"In the Name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost. "I, the undersigned, priest, bound by the solemn ties of holy baptism, confirmation, the Blessed Sacrament, and holy orders, to the Church of England, a true and loyal son, loving her with all fidelity and devoted to her ministry, feel constrained, in the present emergency, to declare :— "(1.) That it is a first principle of the Church of England, as repeatedly avowed in the Prayer Book, the Articles, the Homilies, Acts of Parliament, Royal declarations, and other public documents of the time of the Reformation and subsequently to it, not to deny or disparage, but to profess and to embrace what is truly 'Primitive' and 'Catholic,' as well in matter of ritual as of doctrine."

That the 30th Canon of A.D. 1602, which is a cauon on ritual and binding on the Clergy, reaffirms this principle, and very distinctly, in that it declares that the Church of England "only departed" from the sister "Churches of Italy, France, Spain, Germany, or any such like Churches" so far as they "had fallen from themselves in their ancient integrity."

That in the Savoy Conference of A.D. 1661 the bishops in their "Answer to the Exceptions of the Ministers" say, "Our Church doth everywhere profess, as she ought, to conform to the Catholic usages of the Primitive times."

That, to the same effect, the Preface to the Book of Common Prayer condemns the "striking at " a "laudable practice of the whole Catholic

Church of Christ."

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"That it cannot be denied that the following usages--the mixed chalice, lights at the celebration of the Holy Sacrament, eucharistic vestments, the eastward position of the celebrant, and that of incenseare Primitive' and 'Catholic,' and of the ancient integrity of the Church; and that a cruet or vessel for the water of the mixed chalice, candlesticks for the use of the altar, a censer for incense were ornaments of the church, as well as that eucharistic vestments were ornaments of the minister, in 'the second year of King Edward VI.'

"That some of these usages have the letter of the law, plainly, expressly, directly, in their favour; others have the letter of the law indirectly; not one of them being prohibited by any rubric, canon, injunction, or other authority.

"That, for these reasons, I am unable to accept the recent decisions of the Judicial Committee, which affirm that the said usages are prohibited in the Church of England under penalties of suspension and deprivation, as true definitions of the law of the Church; nay, more, I hold them to be contrary and repugnant to that law, and wholly irreconcileable with her avowed principle, and in dutiful regard for the Catholic position of the Church of England, and for the protestations she has made before all Christendom, and in the love that I have for truth, I feel submission to be a thing forbidden me.

"(II.) That this inability to submit to the decisions referred to is strengthened by the conviction, that not only are such decisions opposed to the principle and to the law of the Church of England, but that they are inconsistent and conflicting one with another.

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"It is not thought necessary to dwell here upon the very grave errors that are incorporated in the judgments, and upon which the decisions in question are on some points based; or to do more than express astonishment at the passage of the Pastoral of the Bishops, March 1st, 1875, in which the same decisions, being referred to, are singularly described as the law of this Church and Realm' thus clearly interpreted.'

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"One thing, however, is of far 100 great moment to be passed by unnoticed in Hebbert v. Purchas.' The Judges say of the mixed chalice' in the Blessed Sacrament, Christ Himself is believed to have used it.' And yet in the very same breath, and as if wholly ignorant of the existence of the final clause of the Twenty-eighth Article, which binds the Church of England to Christ's Ordinance,' they declare-the Archbishop of York and the Bishop of London being members of the court-the Church has forbidden' it! Here is condemned, not only the invariable use of the whole Catholic Church of Christ,' but Christ's

own use.

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"(III.) That, further, there are special reasons, over and above those already given, which, it is submitted, should, morally and religiously, have weight with your lordships to stay your hands from aiding and abetting the attempt now being made to enforce obedience to the decisions in question; or from even pressing in any wise their acceptance upon our consciences as being, in the language of the Pastoral alluded to, judicial interpretations,' which we, the clergy, are bound by every consideration to obey.' Such are the following::

"Your lordships fail to insist upon the obedience of that section of the clergy who are the accusers of our brethren '-members of an association which pays its hireling two guineas' on Sundays 'for attendance at early Communion as a spy upon the priest whilst executing the holy ministry,'-and who themselves openly offend, not only in the less important, but also in the weightier matters of the law,' and where the obligations of the law are undisputed and indisputable as, e g., in the neglect of the due observance of the festivals, fasts, and vigils of the Church, and of the order, that either in its original form or as abbreviated A.D. 1872 for their special convenience the curate

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that ministereth in every parish church or chapel, being at home and not being reasonably hindered, shall say daily the Morning and Evening Prayer in the parish church or chapel where he ministereth;' in other words, who offend in the omission during the course of the year of no less than between six and seven hundred services, which they are pledged to perform.

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Your lordships, so far from accepting the ruling of the Judicial Committee, that, in the performance of the services of the Church, Acts not prescribed' are to be taken as forbidden,' in other words, that omission is prohibition, do coustantly and habitually conduct those services, and sanction their being conducted, in disregard of such ruling. Your lordships, with two exceptions it is believed, do not yourselves deem it obligatory or needful to obey the decisions of the Court in the case of Hebbert v. Purchas' with regard to the vestments of the minister in the celebration of the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper.

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"Your lordships in one notable instance seem to have felt, with ourselves, acquiescence in the decision of the Judicial Committee to be impossible. When the authors of certain writings, known as Essays and Reviews, had been acquitted by the Court, February 8, 1864, as not teaching doctrine contrary to the doctrine of the Church of England, your lordships forthwith proceeded, June 21, 1864, to 'condemn synodically the said volume as containing teaching contrary to the doctrine received by the United Church of England and Ireland in common with the whole Catholic Church of Christ.' Unquestionably it may with truth be said here, citing once more your lordships' Pastoral in reference to these decisions, Obedience has been avowedly refused.' "March 31, 1876."

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(Signed) C. S. GRUEBER."

Letters to the Editor.

As 'Brevity is the Soul of Wit' so short Letters are certainly more readable than long ones. In my judgment an Editor should not be pestered with any which are not brief, concise, well-written, and to the point; signed openly and honestly, with their writers' names."-CHARLES Lamb.

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MR. EARLE ON THE SPIRITUAL BODY.

SIR,-As the minds of your readers are deeply stirred at present by questions affecting the mutual relations of Church and State, the time may to some of them seem ill-chosen for adverting to a subject which has never been a matter of debate between the Churches or sects into which Christendom is unhappily divided--I mean the resurrection of the body. Since, however, you were so kind as to draw attention to my volume on The Spiritual Body" in your first number, I venture to address a few remarks on this topic to you in the hope that they may not be thought altogether without interest. The clergy and laity of the Church of England have hitherto usually acquiesced in a belief of the future resurrection of the natural body notwithstanding her ministers read over the remains of every one of her members an emphatic denial of that doctrine by the inspired Apostle Paul. In the most solemn of moments, standing surpliced on the brink of the grave, amid the sobs and tears of surrounding relatives, the clergyman reads the longest and most definite passage of Scripture relative to the resurrection, and in this the notion of the natural body ever rising again in its natural condition is set aside three times at least in the plainest language:

1. "Thou fool! .

Thou sowest not that body that shall be." 2. "It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body.” 3. "The dead shall be raised incorruptible."

But although the large majority of members of the Church of England, no less than those of Rome also, have completely reversed these declarations in their own minds, and have maintained:

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1. That they do sow in the grave the body that shall be;

2. That, being sown a natural body, it will be raised a natural body, and

3. That the dead will be raised in their corruptible-natural-bodies"in this very flesh," as some of whom I have read were fond of saying while pinching up the skin of their wrists,-although, I say, the majority of Anglicans now, and a still larger majority in times past, have believed this, there have been some, and those men of high repute, who have protested against the popular belief as a corrupt tradition. A Catena Filiorum, if not a Catena Patrum, might be formed from their writings and continued down to the present day; but I will content myself with mentioning the names and works of the principal among them:John Locke. Reply to the Bishop of Worcester. Dr. Henry More. The Grand Mystery of Godliness. Bishop Newton. Dissertation 58. Rev. Dr. Sykes. Enquiry into the insertion of the Article on the Resurrection of the Body in the Creeds. Archbishop Whately. Scripture Revelations concerning a Future State. Bishop Watson. Apology for the Bible.

Dr. Kitto. Biblical Encyclopædia. Art. Resurrection of the Body.
Sir Humphrey Davy. Last Days of a Philosopher.
Professor Philips. Chemistry of Common Life.
Isaac Taylor. Physical Theory of another Life.
Rev. Dr. Burton. Bampton Lectures. 1829.
Rev. J. C. Stockbridge, D.D., United States. Theories of the Resurrec-
tion.

Rev. E. H. Sears, United States. Foregleams of Immortality.
Rev. B. Wrey Savile. Apparitions.

Hon. and Rev. W. H. Lyttelton. Scripture Revelations of the Life of
Man after Death.
Rev. Canon Perowne, joint author of the above.
Rev. H. N. Grimley. Tremadoc Sermons, on the Spiritual Body, &c. In
the press.
Rev. Aug. Clissold. Voice from the New Church Porch.

I am not sure that Dr. Stockbridge and Mr. Sears are members of the Episcopal Church, but at any rate their names may stand. Now it is surprising that Anglican writers in support of the Spiritual Body are not

more numerous, since we know that the resurrection of the natural body in its unaltered condition is impossible. I say impossible, because its particles soon become chemically decomposed, resolve into gases, and enter into the bodily structure of an ever-increasing number of other persons. Its molecules, therefore, can never be re-collected, first, because they have no separate, independent existence, and secondly, because they could not be taken from other bodies, of which they form part, without completely marring their integrity. The very idea of such an event is, in the light of modern science, so monstrous and absurd that to repeat "this very flesh," as the wrist-pinchers used to do, is as senseless as the prayer of the lamas and people in Tibet, "Oh! treasure of the lotus ! oh yes!" Such a charm has this sentence for the Tibetians that lamas, specially selected, travel through the country with mallet and chisel to inscribe the words on rocks and stones and trees. But are those among ourselves more wise than lamas who inscribe on tablets and tombstones in every church and burial-ground affirmations about the rising of the natural body, which are flat contradictions of the words of the Apostle, "Thou sowest not that body that shall be," and "It is raised a spiritual body"?

But here, perhaps, some one will reply, as indeed I find a writer in the Church Review of March 25th saying, "Not anyone, I suppose, holds that the risen body will be subject to the same conditions as the body now is; our bodies then, like our Lord's, will have a subtilty and agility they do not now possess." But this really concedes everything. The change of conditions implies change of structure, and a total absence of atomic integrity. In like manner Perrone says it is not necessary that the risen body should be composed of all and each of the same particles which compose the present body; and St. Thomas Aquinas-the great authority in the Roman Catholic Church-is decisive in his language on this point. He, in effect, gives up altogether the resurrection of the natural body at the last day though he professes to maintain it, for he allows that it will not rise entire; that it will not have animal life; that all will rise in the same age and in an average stature, dwarfs being elated to a full height, giants proportionately depressed, children promoted to a ripe age, and old people restored to youth,-that is, though St. Thomas did not mean it, not having one single molecule they possessed in their mortal life. But I will quote the passages lest I should be thought to misrepresent :

1. The body will not rise entire.

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"Non resurget totum, consideratâ totalitate materiæ." Totum quod fuit in corpore de veritate humanæ naturæ resurget in ipso ;-sed quicquid fuerit materialiter in membris, non resurget totum." Summa Minor. Tract. xlvi. Quæstio 80.

2. It will not have animal life.

"Omnes resurgent in diversis sexibus, sicut in diversis staturis ;-non autem in vita animali." Quæstio 81.

3. All will rise in the same age.

"Reducetur humana natura per resurrectionem ad statum ultimæ perfectionis, qui est in juvenili cetate." Quæstio 81.

4. Defects will be supplied; overgrowths cut down.

“Si virtus formativa propter aliquem defectum non poterat perducere ad debitam quantitatem quæ competit speciei, divina virtus supplebit in resurrectione defectum; sicut patet in nanis; et eadem ratio est de illis qui immoderatæ magnitudinis fuerunt ultra debitum naturæ." Quœestio 81.

5. Noble humours will be substituted for foul superfluities. "Intestina resurgent in corpore, sicut et alia membra: et plena erunt non quidem turpibus superfluitatibus sed nobilibus humoribus." Quaes

tio 80.

Now, Sir, allow me to ask what becomes of "this very flesh" and the wrist-pinchers of old time in view of these statements of the great mediæval divine? If an aged man were suddenly restored to the bloom of youth, we all know that he would not have one atom of his former body.

us.

But if the resurrection of the natural body, as such, is impossible according to Scripture, Science, and the Doctors of the Church, in what sense are we to understand the resurrection of the dead? I answer, without hesitation, in that sense which alone harmonises with the Scriptures and removes all the difficulties of the problem. The second coming of our Lord is still perhaps very remote, though the Apostles and early Christians thought it near at hand. Meanwhile the resurrection comes to each man when he dies. We carry about with us a spiritual body, which will rise from the grave of the natural body at the moment of dissolution to be the envelope and organ of the immortal spirit. By this body our identity will be preserved and we shall pass into that sphere of existence for which our antecedents have prepared In this body may have re-appeared to their brethren on earth, and in this the saints will come from Paradise with our Lord when He shall return according to His promise. There is, as I have shown elsewhere, nothing in this view that is inconsistent with the creeds and formulas of the Catholic Church. Whatever ideas your readers may entertain respecting the true standard of faith and morals, they need not fear that any ultimate authority will ever affirm that natural bodies will rise again in their natural condition when St. Paul says they will not; or that we have not a spiritual body when St. Paul says we have; or that the dead will be raised corruptible, when St. Paul says "the dead shall be raised incorruptible." If wrist-pinchers, crying "this very flesh!" should urge forward an ecclesiastical decision in the hope of making their extravagant notions triumph; that decision would after long delay, in my opinion, be disappointing to their expectation. I cannot believe it possible that the Church will set herself in direct opposition to the plain and positive teaching of physical science, particularly when those who adhere to the doctrine of the spiritual body, heartily subscribe, as I do, the Creeds of the Church in regard to the resurrection. Those who are now looked on with suspicion in this controversy as innovators or rebels will perhaps ere long be counted among the most conservative, since the explanations which they offer are reconcileable with Scripture, Science and Common Sense, which those of their oppo nents are not. JOHN CHARLES EARLE

82, Ladbroke Grove Road, April 20, 1876.

THE ENGLISH CHURCH UNION.

SIR,-There is no one, whether Conservative or Radical, who does not feel how utterly the E.C.U. has failed either to excogitate a policy, to guide the perplexed, or to point out a way of escape from the Erastian burden so efficiently laid upon us all.

I know that the Council has, from time to time, contained men of principle and power; but these, alas! have been either discreetly overborne or cleverly out-voted by others; while ordinary members have only had the privilege of paying their subscriptions and abiding by what the Council might think fit to determine.

One great unreality has been the technical meeting of ornamental members. True, members met from time to time to discuss the Council's propositions; true, they talked over resolutions and amendments; true, they sometimes disagreed with the Council, and carried their point. But, after all the ordinary members had left the room, as I know by experience, the Council took good care to treat such action with quiet contempt, and take no notice of it.

I have some reason for believing that the Rev. T. W. Perry, one of the most resolute Ritualistic Erastians,-who, in no very good taste, was the first to rush forward with a Case for Lord Penzance, and to gush over what he obsequiously calls "The Arches' Court,”—has been at the bottom of much of the mischief which I deplore. A MEMBER OF THE E.C.U.

[Our correspondent should remember (1) that the only organisation in existence for defence of our rights is that which he criticises; and (2) that Churchmen are so grievously divided that any other combined action seems impossible of accomplishment.-ED. PILOT.]

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THE NEW LAMBETH COURT.

SIR,-Allow me, while congratulating you on the excellence of your Prospectus," to put this plain and simple question to the clergy in general through THE PILOT. I have asked my own Rector and can obtain no frank and satisfactory reply.

Lord Penzance has for many years been engaged, under Parliamentary authority, in openly transgressing the express rules of our Prayer Book, by decreeing and pronouncing divorces,-yet (without protest from Convocation), he is now appointed by the two Archbishops to explain the rubrics of that very book. Surely the question for the laity as well as the clergy is "Can we as Christians submit to be bound either in conscience or in action by his decrees? "

That is my question, and it seems to me to concern the laity (that is, the flocks of the clergy) quite as much as the Pastors themselves. JOHN C. BURGESS, M.A.

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SEAL OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT, CUMBRAE.-This Seal is for the College in the island of Cumbrae, which is devoted to the training of candidates for Holy Orders in the Episcopal Church of Scotland. It was owing to the munificence of the Earl of Glasgow that the College was first built, and for some years the institution remained the property of the Earl, by whose noble liberality it was mainly supported. Recently, however, it has been handed over to a body of trustees, and hence the necessity of a Common Seal. The Seal is threeand-a-half inches in height and vesica-shaped. The style of the design is thirteenth century Gothic. The work represents two arches, supported by a column, over which is a circular opening, in which the Holy Dove appears. Under the respective arches stand the figures of St. Andrew and St. Columba. A runic cross in low relief is seen behind the figures and architecture, overlaying the diaper pattern which covers the surface of the Seal. Beneath the base of the above work is a shield bearing the Arms of the College, which may be briefly described as divided into four quarters, in the first and fourth of which is a device representing on the sea a boat, in which is seated St. Columba, with arms outstretched towards a comet which is seen in the heavens: on the wrist of the Saint's left hand is a dove. This reference is to the introduction of Christianity into Scotland by St. Columba, who in A.D. 565, whilst on the north coast of Ireland, under the guidance of a dove and a comet, was induced to venture out to sea in an open boat, and was brought to the island of Iona, where he preached the Gospel to the Picks, and founded various religious establishments. In the second and third quarterings of the shield the Arms of the Earl of Glasgow are displayed. Around the Seal there runs in Gothic letters the inscription, "Sigillum Commune Collegii Sancti Spiritus Cumbraensis." This Seal has been executed by Her Majesty's engravers, the Messrs. Wyon, of Regentstreet; and is, without a doubt, one of the most elaborate and splendidlyengraved seals of modern times. As a work of art it deserves the highest commendation.

THE GAUNTLETT FUND.

HE Sudden Death of the late HENRY

TJOHN GAUNTLETT, Mus. Doc., the

eminert Composer and Organist, has induced some of his friends to raise a fund for his widow and family, who are, they regret to say, left entirely unprovided for. Acknowledgment has been made in the several notices of his life which have appeared in the leading public prints, of the valuable services he rendered in the cause of Art generally, and more especially that of Church Music. To Dr. Gauntlett we owe most of the improvements in the construction of organs which have been carried out during the last 40 years.

LIST OF SUBSCRIPTIONS.

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Proprietors of Hymns Ancient and Modern,
per Rev. Sir Henry Baker, Bart.
Prout, Ebenezer, Esq.
Puttick, A. J., Esq.

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Smith, Mrs. P., Leamington

550

Snooke, Ash, Esq....

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Elvey, Sir G. J., Windsor

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Foster-White, Mrs.

rourdrinier, D., Esq.

Francis,
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Freke, Lady Victoria

Esq., (Athenæum)

Garrard, J., Esq.

Gilling, Rev. J. C.

Gordon, Mrs.

Gordon, Mrs.

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Ladies should send 1d. stamp for Patterns, which are neither charged nor requested back. Carriage paid to any part of the United Kingdom on £2 worth. Special Terms for Charitable Institutions.-Address C. WILLIAMSON, Berlin House, Leighton, Beds.

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046

Subscriptions may be paid to the credit of the Gauntlett Fund at the London and Westminster Bank, St. James's-square, S.W.; to the Hon. Treasurer, C. L. Gruneisen, Esq., F.R.G.S., 16, Surrey-street, Strand, W.C.; or to the Hon. Secretary, W. C. A. Blew, Esq., 16, Warwickstreet, Pall-mall east, S.W.

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And may be obtained of all Booksellers and Newsagents.

EASTER, A.D. 1876.

THOMAS PRATT and SONS have now ready their usual large Stock of
CASSOCKS

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This shape of Surplice was entirely the invention of Messrs. PRATT, and their use has now become universal. Although imitated and advertised by nearly all the clerical firms in England, none fit equal to those supplied by the Original Inventors.

In Black Leather Case, sent on receipt of Post Office Order for 21s., payable at Charing Cross. Extra length, 25s. Upwards of Five Thousand of these Surplices are now in use.

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Demy 8vo., cloth extra, Photographic Portrait and Illustrations, 12s.

MEMORIALS OF THE LATE

REV. ROBERT STEPHEN HAWKER,

Sometime Vicar of Morwenstow, in the Diocese of Exeter.

By the Rev. FREDERICK GEORGE LEE, D.C.L.

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THE PUBLIC WORSHIP ACT AND THE WAY TO MEET IT.
This Day, Price One Shilling, by post 1s. 1d.

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Author of "Researches into the History of the
British Dog," &c.

N.B.-The Blue Book Report, issued by the Royal Commission, presents the above Evidence in a mutilated condition only.

BASIL MONTAGU PICKERING, Publisher, 196,
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Just published, crown 8vo., 5s.
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CHRIS

"DO THEY WELL TO BE ANGRY?" I TIANS. By the Hon. ALBERT S. G. CANNING.

A SECOND LETTER ADDRESSED, BY PERMISSION, TO CARDINAL MANNING.
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By the same Author, price 1s., by post, 1s. 1d.

CHRISTIANITY OR ERASTIANISM?

A

A LETTER ADDRESSED, BY PERMISSION. TO HIS EMINENCE CARDINÁL MANNING,
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SECOND AND ENLARGED EDITION. Imperial 16mo., Limp Cloth, Gilt Cross, price 6d., by post 7d. SUPERIOR EDITION (post free), 1s. THE PEOPLE'S MAINISTRATION OF BOOK:

the Holy Eucharist according to the Use of the Church of England, with the Complete Devotions, Literally Translated, of the ANCIENT LITURGY of the WESTERN CHURCH; the Offices of Preparation and Thanksgiving before and after Mass, and some Rubrics from the First Book of King Edward the Sixth.

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PRICE THREEPENCE.

CONTENTS OF NO. I. LEADING ARTICLES: Our
Dangers and Duties-The Court of Divorce ab officio
et beneficio-What is Conservatism? No. I. RE-
VIEWS AND NOTICES OF NEW BOOKS: Life of
the Bishop of Capetown-(Earle's) The Spiritual Body
-Franciscan Missions among the Colliers-The Church
Bells of Leicestershire-Letters Addressed to an
Irish Gentleman-Sir Aubrey de Vere's Sonnets-
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Legitimacy and Order-Report on Vivisection-
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By WILLIAM GRANT, Author of "The Communion CONTENTS OF No. II. LEADING ARTICLES:
of Saints in the Church of God;" "Apostolic Lord-Religion in Germany and its Warnings-Other Falla-
ship" The Catholic Doctrine of the Christian
Sacrifice," &c.

The PEOPLE'S MASS BOOK is intended to supply the want, largely felt by the English Catholic laity, of a devotional Office, at once in perfect barmony with the Liturgy of our Prayer Book, and with the Ancient Missal of the West. It contains in a popular form, adapted to the simplest comprehension, as well as to the requirements of the most advanced Churchman, those formularies of Eucharistic Worship, undoubtedly Apostolic in their main features, which have been used by the great Saints, Martyrs, Confessors, and Doctors of Western Christendom during, at least, the past fifteen centuries; and which, to the present day, are employed in the celebration of the Christian Mysteries throughout by far the larger part of the Church of God. These devotions are combined with the English Liturgy in such a way as to present both the one and the other complete, and yet without confusion. The Manual is equally adapted for use at plain and at Choral Celebrations; and contains Forms of Prayer for those who communicate, as well as for those who merely assist, at Mass.

The Rubrical directions, introduced from the First Book of King Edward VI, may serve to show the real mird of the English Church respecting those ritual observances which Puritanism contrived, in former days (as the Preface to our present Prayer Book, with evident reprehension, points out), to decry and bring into contempt.

"Of special value at the present time."-English Church Union Gazette.

London: JOHN H. BATTY, 376, Strand, W.C.

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cies of Lord Penzance-What is Conservatism? No.
II. REVIEWS AND NOTICES OF NEW BOOKS:
Some Modern Difficulties. by Mr. Gould-The Disci-
pline of Christ and the Discipline of Devils-Animal
Torture, by Mr. G. R. Jesse-Scraps from my Scrap
Book-Dr. Pusey's Sermon at Oxford-Funeral Dis-
courses on Lady Augusta Stanley-Mission Life in
East London-Dean Burgon's and Canon Baynes's
Sermons- Oxenham's New Books, &c. FORT-
NIGHTLY NOTFS: Religious Persecution-Don
Carlos of Spain-Observance of Lent-Queen or
Empress?- Non-Christian Education-Water-drink-
ing by Act of Parliament-Threepenny-Bit Laymen-
The Hon. C. L. Wood's Apologia-The Vagaries of
Ritualism - Mr. Tooth's Policy. CORRESPON-
DENCE: Letters from Messrs. Huff, Hobbs, Mossman,
Preston, and "Presbyter Anglicanus." Art, Letter
from Rome, Church News, &c.

CONTENTS OF No. III. LEADING ARTICLES:
Is Disestablishment likely to be a Cure for Present
Evils?-Judex Judicatus - What is Conservatism? No.
III. REVIEWS AND NOTICES OF NEW BOOKS:
Seccombe's Science, Theism, and Revelation-The
Life and Times of Prince Charles Stuart-The Church
in Baldwin's Gardens-The Annals of England-
Magrath on University Reform-Nevins's Christ anity
and Astronomy-Can Churchmen Recognize the New
Judge? FORTNIGHTLY NOTES: The Queen an
Empress-Inspection of Convents-Dr. Mylne, Bishop
of Bombay-The University of S. America-School
Board Elections-Magna Charta and Church Freedom
-City Swindlers - Bishop Perry's Fears - Mr.
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New Bishoprick for Cornwall-Observance of Lent-
The Gauntlett fund. LETTERS: Mr. Huff on Law-
Mr. Shipley's "Three Hours' Service at Santa Maria
Novella, Florence.' Church News, &c.

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Now ready. Second Edition. Small quarto. Beautifully printed at the Chiswick Press. Price 2s. 6d.

THE ORDER for the VISITATION

and COMMUNION of the SICK. Arranged as Said. Intended chiefly for the Use of the Sick Person and Those who Assist in the Chamber. Set forth with Notes and Directions in the hope of Promoting greater Reverence and Understanding in the Celebration of this Sacred Office.

"A most admirable publication has just been issued The Order for the Communion of the Sick, with Notes and Directions.' As a practical help to Clergy who desire to celebrate and minister the Holy Mysteries with reverence and care, we know of no volume likely to serve their purpose better. All the directions are full and lucid, while the author's own valuable dissertations are evidently the work of one who writes from experience, and who writes con amore."-Union Review.

London: THOMAS PRATT and SONS, Tavistockstreet.

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In Neat Wrapper, pp. 48, price 6d., post free 6¡d., THE CATHOLIC DOCTRINE of the CHRISTIAN SACRIFICE; and the FIRST PRINCIPLES of RITUAL. With Remarks upon the Use and Symbolism of the Vestments, Lights, Incense, the Mixed Chalice, the Sign of the Cross, and the Position of the Celebrant.

By WILLIAM GRANT, Layman of the Church of England, Author of "The People's Mass Book."

"Will be found very useful both on account of the simplicity of its style and the low price at which it is published, which bring it within the means of anyone who wants to know the meaning of what is done in Church, and what it is that is really taught. We are glad to notice two points, both in their way signs of the times: the first is that the author is not a Ritualistic Priest, but a Layman; the second is that he is able to refer to a Charge from one of our Bishops (alas! seemingly soon to be taken from us), Bishop Douglas of Bombay, as containing the best possible resume of the Doctrine of the Holy Eucharist set forth in this Tract.'"-English Church Union Gazette.

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"The book is most instructive, and its simple explanation of ceremonial, and the authority of the Church for the use of the same, entitles it to be perused nct alone by those who sympathise with the Ritualistic' movement so called, but also by those who desire to know the reason why so much agitation is being raised, and in what way and to what extent the extreme High Church party are palpably sup ported in ceremonial by the authority of our National Church."-Camberwell and Peckham Times.

London: JOHN H. BATTY, 375, Strand, W.C

Printed and Published by JOHN H. BATTY, 376,
Strand.-April 26, 1876.

[Registered for Transmission Abroad.

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