1583.

Sept. 16.

Vol. 607, p. 97.

Sept. 19. Vol. 607, p. 94.

506.

507.

II. "The Note or Abstract of the Services set down for the following of O'Ruorke, who hath received and maintained Hugh O'Connor and the rest of the proclaimed rebels, the 25th of August 1583;" showing the numbers of “waged men upon the countries' charges."

III. "The General Hosting appointed to be at Castle Reaughe in O'Connor Dunne's country, 15th September 1583;" showing the numbers of men to be furnished by the lords and gentlemen. Total: horsemen, 248; footmen with targets, 512; shot, 512; Sir Nicholas Malbye's English horsemen, 60; Captain Anthony Brabazon's, 100.

Pp. 2.

JAMES GOLDE to the BARON OF CAHIR.*

By the way this day I had some conference with the Marshal touching the possession of your lands in Clanwilliam, and I understand by him that (after our departure from my Lord General) there was some speech betwixt my L. and him for that matter, and my L. told him that Richard Burck did procure the Lords Justices' letter to stay th' execution of their own direction, and that Onory ny Mwlrean did show it unto him. Whereof I thought good to let your L. understand, that you may deal as you think good for your own cause. Commendations to y[our] Lady and the gentlewomen. "From Kilmallock, the 16th of September 1583."

"The news of the Earl of Desmond's coming to Aherlo was verified unto me this day as I rode along. And further here was a rife report that many Spaniards were landed in the North, which bruit did bring the Earl to these borders, hoping upon their report to get more force (?)† of the loose protectees. I followed the matter, and in th' end found the chief author of the report, whom I examined, and thereupon he confessed it. His name is John Day, a horseman that came lately out of th' English Pale. I committed him to prison, and wrote of his villainy to the L. General, whose order I think will be to hang him, for his report hath greatly moved the persons protected, and hath given occasion of much disorder."

Signed.

P. 1. Addressed.

SIR HENRY WALLOP to the EARL OF LEICESTER.

In answer of our letter to the Lord General (the Earl of Ormond), the copy whereof I sent you, we have received a letter from his Lo. of the 8th. He dislikes the course which we would have advised him to follow, if he had at first

*This letter was enclosed in that of the Lords Justices of 23 September.
+ Or fear.

1583.

imparted his purpose to us. He alleges that he followed such instructions as he received from her Majesty. He accompts it greatly for his credit "that so many (which the last year refused pardons when by proclamations they were offered) had now sought for protections at his hands, and that the Countess of Desmond and other also of meaner state bave simply submitted themselves unto him, so as hold may be taken of them without any breach either of word or promise. But as for the Countess, she offered herself unto us in that sort a year past; but forasmuch as we thought it better to have her remain with her husband as a clog, we advertised our opinion to the Ll., and had direction to turn her out again, which we did. And for the Seneschal, who is the shrewdest fellow amongst them, we had likewise great suit made unto us (a good while before the Lord General's coming over) to have protected or pardoned him, which we refused." A little before the coming over of James Fitz Morrice he was pardoned and exceedingly well used by Sir William Drurye, but as soon as James arrived he brake out again.

"John Lacye came in again to the Lord General about 3 weeks past, and was protected for 10 days, and since is gone out again, with what conditions as yet I cannot learn, being advertised thereof from others, not from the Lord General. Yet it may be his Lo. will write into England (as he hath unto us) that he hath from time to time advertised us of his proceedings. But in truth he never imparted to us anything of his purposes in that service, to desire our opinions therein; only of some things past and done he hath sometimes occursorily advertised, but no more nor otherwise than every one that was in that service could report.

We understand for certain that Desmond is still in Munster with some small company with him, and that Morrice FitzJohn, who pretendeth to be next heir to Desmond (saving his son), is also still in Munster with 40 or 50 swords.

"The Lord General (as I understand) sometime useth speech of a title he hath to all Desmond's lands, and seemeth to think he hath well deserved the same, though he had no title thereunto. But whether it be necessary to make over great persons in this beggarly realm, I leave to your Lo. good consideration." It were good that all the lands escheated were turned towards the charges of the wars. If the Justices and Attorney there have done their duties, it will be a great quantity of lands; and as soon as people may be gotten to inhabit the same again, they will be beneficial.

His Lordship liketh not the exceptions [of certain persons] which are in the letters sent to us lately for, the pardoning such of that province as he shall think good to recommend

to us.

Dublin, 19 September 1583. Signed.

P.S., in Wallop's own hand.-"To your L. I frankly write my simple opinion, which I hope you will so use as it turn

1583.

Sept. 23.

Vol. 607, p. 96.

Oct. 23.

Vol. 600, p. 79,

508.

509.

not to my hindrance. The L. General hath in Court many friends, and is from thence advertised of most advertisements that come thither."

Pp. 2. Addressed, sealed, and endorsed.

The ARCHBISHOP OF DUBLIN (LOFTUS) and SIR HENRY WALLOP, LORDS JUSTICES, to the EARL OF LEICESTER. By former letters we signified our opinion touching the present course taken by the Lord General for the pacification of Munster. "We since understand that there hath some question grown there upon that part of our advertisements, and that some displeasure is thereupon conceived by some great ones." We thought it requisite to give warning of the event which we saw like to ensue. Our opinion is daily confirmed, as lately by the postscript of a letter written from James Golde, Attorney of Limerick, to the Baron of Cahir, which we send you. You may gather "how small a flood is like to set Desmond afloat again, and both what himself dreameth upon while he lieth thus asleep, and what the expectation and hope is of the greater part of those late protectees." Mr. Waterhowse, who has been employed northwards, reports that he finds there is a general expectation of some foreign aid very shortly to come. We fear a general revolt, and beseech you to undertake some secret care of this wretched government. So order the matter as neither we nor the nobleman to whom the enclosed letter was written may reap any displeasure.

Dublin, 23 September 1583. Signed.

Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed.

ULSTER.

"The Articles laid down by us, her Majesty's Commissioners for Ulster, ordered by th' assent and consent of th' agents for Tyrloughe Lenoughe and O'Donnell, as also by the Lord Baron of Dungannon, himself being here in person." Newry, 22 October 1583.

(1.) We order that the truce now made betwixt the said parties shall continue till 17 March next.

(2.) As O'Donnell has sent his son as pledge, and the Baron has offered his, while Tyrloughe's agents came without his pledge, we order that on 2 December next they shall again appear at Dondalke, bringing with them sufficient hostages, to be delivered to the Lords Justices or to their commissioners.

(3.) All injuries shall be amended, according as due proof shall be made thereof before the Lords Justices or commissioners at Dondalke. Whoever violates the peace shall be punished, and the injured assisted, by her Majesty's forces.

(4.) As the particulars of their several injuries and spoils appear not unto us, in the meantime they shall choose in

1583.

Nov. 4. Vol. 611, p. 221.

Vol. 621, p. 97.

510.

511.

different men to examine all needful witnesses and proofs, so as the said arbitrators may compound as much as they can; the rest to be remitted to the Lords Justices.

Signed: H. Dungannon, N. Bagnall, James Dowdall, Lucas Dillon.

Copy. Pp. 2. Endorsed.

MINISTERS' ACCOUNTS.

Commission from Queen Elizabeth to Adam [Loftus], Archbishop of Dublin, Chancellor of Ireland, and one of the Lords Justices; James Dowdall, Chief Justice of the Chief Bench there; Sir Robert Dillon, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas; Sir Lucas Dillon, Chief Baron of the Exchequer; Nicholas White, Master of the Rolls; Thomas Jenison, auditor; and Lancelot Aleforde, surveyor.

For that the accompt of Sir Henry Wallop, Treasurer at Wars in Ireland, cannot orderly proceed and be taken as is requisite before such time as the accompts of the Vice Treasurer and General Receiver, the Master of our Ordnance, and the Ministers of our Victuals and of our Works there be first taken and determined, we therefore authorize you to hear and determine their accompts, which shall be engrossed in two parts, and by you signed and avouched, the one part to remain in our Court of Exchequer there, and the other part to be delivered to the parties accomptable. We further authorize you to call before you the said Sir Henry Wallop, with all his books, warrants, certificates, and bills, from his first entry into that office, being the 10th of August in our 21st year, until 30th September in our 25th year, and the same to examine; and also thereof to make a view or declaration of his accompt, which is to be perused by such commissioners as we shall appoint here in England.

Manor of St. James, 4 November 1583, 25 Eliz.
Copy. Pp. 2. Addressed.

A DISCOURSE for the REFORMATION of IRELAND. "The charge your Majesty committed unto me for the setting down of my opinion how your realm of Ireland might with the least charge be reclaimed from barbarism to a godly government is somewhat difficult." I have set down what were the causes of its disorders whilst I had some piece of government in it.

Notwithstanding all your care and charges, the state of that country has grown from worse to worse. The smoothing up of rebellions by pardons and protections has been the nursery of most of this mischief. There is a want of religion and law; St. Patrick is of better credit than Christ Jesus; and they fly from the laws as from a yoke of bondage. God's

1583.

will and word must first be duly planted, and idolatry extirped; next, law must be established, and licentious customs abrogated.

The mean to effect both is now most fitly offered by therebellion now afoot. No pardon or protection should be given to any man. Your subjects have been burned, ravished, spoiled, and robbed by the traitors. There will escheat to your Majesty, by due course of justice, the better half of that land, whereof great revenue will grow. But it is far from me to desire any extirpation; for England, populous as it is, would not be able to replenish the wastes.

To repress this rebellion and reform the realm the Deputy would require seven years. None of his actions should be crossed, to work him your disgrace, which the Irish will soon espy; and he must have sufficient men, money, munition, and victual; sc., 800 English horsemen, 3,000 English footmen, and 100 galloglasses, kerne, and shot, Irish. In lieu of cesse the pay should be according to certain rates (specified), as in all other your services. Total of the pay, 67,619l. 38. 4d.; or, with the pay of the Deputy and other officers, and extraordinary charges, 100,000l. a year. All former arrearages to be discharged. It were money well bestowed. One year you spent as much as this.

"It shall be good that your Majesty, after the example of France, Spain, and Flanders (where most of the small money consisteth of base coins), you do also cause to be coined the first four years 100,000l. in pieces of 8d., 4d., 2d., and 1d.; these to contain but a fourth part of fine silver, letting all coins that are current there that are of gold and silver to run as they do now. So your Majesty's charges, besides all charges of coining, will amount to no more but 25,000l. yearly, which in four years would come to 100,000l." If the coinage be in Ireland, it is necessary to call in all the base money current. Rosse in Wexford is a most apt place for the mint, by reason of the great abundance of wood which grows along the river. The embasing of coin can do no harm in Ireland, which is all out of order. Prices may be doubled, but the reformation will recompense the loss treble. (Other considerations are mentioned.)

Victuals and provisions are now to be provided for.

The standing seat of the Deputy and the law should be translated from Dublin to Athlone, the centre of Ireland. The Deputy to have two Presidents: one in Munster, at Kylmalocke: the other in Ulster, at Lyeller. Two marshals to be at the direction of the Deputy and Presidents. The Presidents to serve for not less than five years; the marshals for life. Advice respecting the choice of the Lord Chancellor, the clerk of the cheque, and other officers.

Sic. Qy. Lifford?