Elements of Surveying and Navigation: With Descriptions of the Instruments and the Necessary Tables |
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Page 39
... sine of an arc is the perpendicular let fall from one extremity of the arc on the diameter which passes through the other extremity . Thus , BD is the sine of the arc AB . 8. The cosine of an arc is the part of the diameter in ...
... sine of an arc is the perpendicular let fall from one extremity of the arc on the diameter which passes through the other extremity . Thus , BD is the sine of the arc AB . 8. The cosine of an arc is the part of the diameter in ...
Page 40
... sine will be FH ; OH will be its cosine ; AQ its tangent , and OQ its secant . But FH is the sine of the arc GF , which is the supplement of AF , and OH is its cosine ; hence , the sine of an arc is equal to the sine of its supplement ...
... sine will be FH ; OH will be its cosine ; AQ its tangent , and OQ its secant . But FH is the sine of the arc GF , which is the supplement of AF , and OH is its cosine ; hence , the sine of an arc is equal to the sine of its supplement ...
Page 41
... sine , cosine , tangent , or cotangent , as the case may be the number so indicated is the logarithm sought . Thus , on page 37 , for 19 ° 55 ' , we find , sine 19 ° 55 ' 9.532312 cos 19 ° 55 ' • 9.973215 tan 19 ° 55 ' 9.559097 • cot 19 ...
... sine , cosine , tangent , or cotangent , as the case may be the number so indicated is the logarithm sought . Thus , on page 37 , for 19 ° 55 ' , we find , sine 19 ° 55 ' 9.532312 cos 19 ° 55 ' • 9.973215 tan 19 ° 55 ' 9.559097 • cot 19 ...
Page 42
... sine , at the top of the page , should correspond with cosine , at the bottom ; cosine with sine , tang with cotang , and cotang with tang , as in the tables ( Art . 12 ) . If the angle is greater than 90 ° , we have only to sub- tract ...
... sine , at the top of the page , should correspond with cosine , at the bottom ; cosine with sine , tang with cotang , and cotang with tang , as in the tables ( Art . 12 ) . If the angle is greater than 90 ° , we have only to sub- tract ...
Page 43
... sine and cotangent , it must be remembered , that they in- crease while the arcs decrease , and decrease as the arcs are increased ; consequently , the proportional numbers found for the seconds , must be subtracted , not added ...
... sine and cotangent , it must be remembered , that they in- crease while the arcs decrease , and decrease as the arcs are increased ; consequently , the proportional numbers found for the seconds , must be subtracted , not added ...
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Common terms and phrases
axis back-sight base line bearing called centre column comp corresponding Cosine Cosine D Cotang course decimal degrees determined diff difference of latitude difference of level direction divided double meridian distance draw east error example feet figure fore-sight given angle given line given point half hence horizontal distance horizontal line horizontal plane hypothenuse inch instrument intersection LatDegDegDegDeg length limb line of collimation logarithm longitude M.
M. Sine marked measure method middle latitude miles multiplied paper parallel PARALLEL SAILING perpendicular plane of reference plane sailing plane triangle protractor quotient radius right angles right-angled triangle rods sailing scale of chords scale of equal screws secant sector sides sights spherical excess spider's lines square chains staff station straight line subtract surface survey Tang tangent telescope theodolite trigonometrical vernier plate vertical yards
Popular passages
Page 10 - The logarithm of . the quotient of two numbers, is equal to the logarithm of the dividend diminished by the logarithm of the divisor.
Page 38 - The circumference of every circle is supposed to be divided into 360 equal parts, called degrees...
Page 61 - Being, on a horizontal plane, and wanting to ascertain the height of a tower, standing on the top of an inaccessible hill, there were measured, the angle of elevation of the top of the hill 40°, and of the top of the tower 51° ; then measuring in a direct line 180 feet farther from the hill, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower was 33° 45' ; required the height of the tower.
Page 1 - O's, to catch the eye, and to indicate that from thence the two figures of the Logarithm to be taken from the second column, stand in the next line below. N. Log. N. Log. N. Log. N. Log. 1 2 3 4 5 o.
Page 21 - ... 20. An EQUILATERAL polygon is one which has all its sides equal ; an equiangular polygon, is one which has all . its angles equal. 21. Two polygons are mutually equilateral, when they have their sides equal each to each, and placed in the same order : that is to say, when following their...
Page 113 - Longitude of the preceding course^ plus the Departure of that course, plus the Departure of the course itself* The Double Longitude of the last course (as well as of the first) is equal to its Departure. Its "coming out" so, when obtained by the above rule, proves the accuracy of the calculation of all the preceding Double Longitudes.
Page 9 - THE LOGARITHM: of a number is the exponent of the power to which it is necessary to raise a fixed number, to produce the given number.
Page 17 - The minutes in the left-hand column of each page, increasing downwards, belong to the degrees at the top ; and those increasing upwards, in the right.hand column, belong to the degrees below.
Page 39 - The secant of an arc is the line drawn from the centre of the circle through one extremity of the arc, and limited by the tangent passing through the other extremity. Thus, . 00 is the secant of the arc AB.
Page 142 - Now, if the elongation, at the time of observation, was west, and the north end of the needle is on the west side of the line, the azimuth, plus the angle shown by the needle, is the true variation. But should the north end of the needle be found on the east side of the line, the elongation being west, the difference between the azimuth and the angle would show the variation, and the reverse when the elongation is east. 1. Elongation west, azimuth 2° 04' North end of the needle on the west, angle...