PHYSICS. The Board of Examiners. 1. A piece of stout twine is stretched nearly straight between two firm supports, and a bit of cotton is tied to its middle point. On giving the cotton a slight pull the twine breaks, but the cotton is uninjured. Explain this. 2. Describe fully the transformations of energy which take place in the working of a pendulum clock. 3. Two step-ladders, the limbs of each opened out to an angle of 60°, support the ends of a uniform plank. Find the thrust along either limb of one of the ladders, the weight of the plank being 25 lbs. 4. Describe the construction and mode of graduation of the compressed air manometer, (a) when the tube is cylindrical, (b) when it is conical. 5. How are "metallic" thermometers constructed and graduated? 6. Describe the apparatus required, the experimentsto be made, and the calculations based on them, which are necessary for determining the absorptive power of a metal for radiation. 7. Shew how to determine by means of a magnet whether a given piece of steel is magnetised or not; and if it be, the direction of its magnetisation. 8. Describe Faraday's Ice-pail experiment. How can you prove by experiment that the electrifications developed during friction are equal and opposite ? 9. Describe the construction and mode of action of the Leclanché cell. Why is it a very good one for working bells, and very bad for electroplating? 10. Describe the single-needle telegraph instrument; and draw a sketch shewing the apparatus and connections of two single-needle stations. ELEMENTARY ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. The Board of Examiners. 1. Write a short Essay on Blood, arranging your remarks under the following heads : (a) Structure and chemical properties of corpuscles. (b) Chemical composition of plasma. (c) Coagulation. (d) Function. Illustrate your answer by descriptive drawings and by reference to simple experiments. 2. Using the processes of alimentation as a guide, explain clearly the differences between secretion and absorption, illustrating the minute anatomy of the structures referred to by careful drawings. 3. How is waste nitrogenous matter got rid of? Show how this is effected in a fish, a frog, and a mammal, giving illustrative diagrams whereever possible. 4. Describe carefully the condition of a frog which has had its cerebral hemispheres removed. Draw and label the parts of sections of the brain and spinal cord of a mammal in the following regions: (a) Vertical section of the cortex of the cerebellum. (b) Transverse section of the medulla oblongata at the middle of the decussation of the pyramids. (c) Transverse section of the spinal cord in the dorsal region. 5. What special structures are shown in vertical sections of the skin and adjacent parts through Describe in detail, with illustrative drawings, the minute anatomy and function of the structures named. 6. With what kinds of food-stuffs should the body be supplied daily? State how they essentially differ from each other, and why it is more economical that they should be mixed in fairly definite proportions. How would you proceed to ascertain the amount of each kind of food-stuff necessary for the diet of a working man of average weight? Five questions only to be attempted. E BOTANY. The Board of Examiners. Diagrams must be given where possible. 1. Give a general description of the class Fungi. 2. Describe and compare the life-histories of a moss and of a fern. 3. "Protoplasm is always being freshly formed during life from simpler constituents, and always being decomposed again." (a) What are these constituents, and whence are they derived? (b) What are the products of its decomposition, and what becomes of them? 4. Describe fully the stems of a Dicotyledon and of a Monocotyledon. 5. Enumerate the characters of the orders Palmacea, Euphorbiacea, and Candolleacea. Where are they found? Describe examples of each. |