Bar Toroio, "to fill high with wine," since Virgil, in that case, would have written vinoque coronant.

725-727. Fit strepitus tectis. "A loud din arises throughout the hall." The noise of many voices engaged in conversation.-De pendent lychni, &c. "Blazing lamps hang down from the fretted ceilings overlaid with gold." The ceilings of the Roman houses Beem originally to have been left uncovered, the beams which supported the roof, or the upper story, being visible. Afterward planks were placed across these beams, at certain intervais, leaving hollow spaces called lacunaria, or laquearia, which were frequently covered with gold and ivory, and sometimes with paintings. The following cut will serve to explain this.

728-730. Gravem gemmis auroque

pateram. "A bowl heavy

with gems and gold," i. e.. a golden patera studded with gems. The Latera was a broad and comparatively shallow bowl, used for liba

tions, and also for drinking out of at banquets. The following cut gives a front and side view of a bronze patera found at Pompeu The natera were not always, however, supplied with handles.

Impieeroque mero,

64

&c. "And filled it with wine." Unmixed wine (mero) was always used for libations.-Belus. Not the father of Dido, but a distant ancestor, and probably the founder of the line.-El omnes a Belo. "And all from Belus (downward)," i. e., and all his descendants.-Soliti. Were wont to fill." Supply implere. 731-733. Jupiter. Dido here offers up a prayer to Jupiter as the god of hospitality.-Hospitibus. "To those who are connected by the ties of hospitality," i. e., to both guest and host.--Hunc latum Tyriisque, &c. "May it be thy pleasure, that this day prove a joy. ous one to both the Tyrians and those who have come from Troy." Literally, "who have departed," or "set out from Troy."-Nostrosque hujus, &c. "And that our descendants may hold this (same day) in their remembrance," i. e., may remember to celebrate it as aften as it returns. With minores supply natu.

734-739. Et bona Juno. "And propitious Juno." More freely, "And Juno with propitious influence."-Cœtum. "The present meeting."-Faventes. "With favouring feelings."-Et in mensam alicum, &c. "And poured out upon the table a libation of the hon. ouring liquor," i. e., of wine, the liquor wont to be poured out in honour of the gods.-Laticum. For laticis. The plural, as more inteneive, is here put for the singular.-Libato. "The libation having been made," i. e., a part of the wine having been thus poured out. With libato supply vino.-Summo tenus attigit ore. "She touched (the remaining contents of the bowl) with the tip of her lips."--In.

crepitans. "With a chiding air," i. e., with the air and manner et one playfully chiding him for his apparent delay, and conveying a challenge, as it were, to drain the cup.-Impiger hausit. "Not slowly drained." Some, misunderstanding the clause that follows, incorrectly render hausit "seized," or "grasped."-Et pieno se proluit auro. "And drenched himself with the contents of the full gold. en cup." Proluere se vino is analogous to vino profundi, or madɩre Compare Horace (Sat., i., 5, 16), multȧ prolutus vappâ, “drenched with plenty of poor wine."

740-741. Cithará rinitus Iopas, &c. "The long-haired Icpas with his golden lyre, pours forth in loud song what things mighties: Atlas had taught him." Some editions read quem maximus Atlas &c., "whom mightiest Atlas had taught;" but the words "lopas cithará personat" require an accusative of the object, not of the subiect.--Singers at banquets generally wore their hair long, in imita tion of Apollo. The following cut is from a very beautiful and early Greek sculpture in the British Museum, and represents Apollo wit his hair long, and flowing over his shoulders.

Maximus Atlas.

Atlas, king of Mauritania, was celebratei fable for his acquaintance with the heavenly bodies, and also for Lis invention of the sphere. In this way some explained the other fable of his supporting the heavens.

742-744. Errantem lunam. "Of the wandering moon," i. e., of the path described by the moon in the heavens.-Solisque labores. "And of the eclipses of the sun," i. c., eclipses and their causes.-Ignes. "The fires of heaven," i. e., the lightning.—Arcturum. Arcturus is a star near the tail of the Great Bear (аρêтоç, ovρa), in the constellation of Boötes.-Pluviasque Hyadas. "And the rainy Hyades." The Hyades are stars at the head of the Bull, whose setting, both in the evening and morning twilight, was a sure harbinger of rainy weather. Their number is variously given; most commonly, however, as seven. The name Hyades ("Yádeç) is derived from v "to rain

"

Geminosque Triones. "And the two Bears," i. e., the Greater an the Less. The literal meaning of Triones is "the ploughing oxen," his being the name more commonly applied to the two bears by the Romans. Hence Septemtrio, and also Septemtriones, "the North," 1. e., the seven stars, or oxen (triones), forming the constellation of the Great Bear, near the North Pole.

745-747. Quid tantum Oceano, &c. "Why the winter-suns hasten so much to dip themselves in the ocean, or what delay impedes the slow-moving nights,' 1. e., why the days are so short in winter, and the nights so long.--Ingeminant plausu. Redouble their plaudits." More poetical and elegant than ingeminant plausum.—Troësque sequ untur. "And the Trojans follow their example."

66

748-749. Vario noctem sermone trahebat. "Prolonged the night in varied converse." More elegant than sermonem trahebat in noctem -Longumque bibebat amorem. “And drank in long draughts of love.

751-752. Aurora filius. Memnon, who was slain by Achilles. Servius says that the arms of Memnon were fabricated by Vulcan, but this is a mere figment of the grammarians. Dido's curiosity was excited by Memnon's having come from the remotest East, and she was anxious merely to ascertain his particular costume.-Diomedis equ. The horses of Rhesus, which had been carried off by Diomede. Consult 1. 472.-Quantus. How mighty," i. e., how great

No allusion whatever is

in bodily strength and in heroic valour. meant to any greatness of size. Heyne merely says, “quam mag

aus corporis viribus et animi virtute."

753. Imo age. "Nay, come."

- A primȧ origine. "From the very first."-Casusque tuorum. "And the misfortunes of thy coun trymen." Septima æstaz. "The seventh summer," i. e., year.-.

Errantem

BOOK SECOND.

1-2 Conticuere omnes, &c. "All became silent, and kept their books (tixed upon him) in deep attention." The aorist conticuers denctes an instantaneous result; the imperfect, tenebant, a continaed action. The whole assembly became straightway silent, on the queen's expressing her wish to hear the narrative of Æneas, and, directing their looks towards the hero, remained gazing in eager expectation of the forthcoming recital.-Intenti. Much stronger than attenti would have been. The latter is merely opposed to negligenes; whereas the former is a metaphorical expression, borrowed from the bending of a bow, and indicates, therefore, an eager degree of attention.

Alto. "Lofty." A mere ornamental epithet. The couches of the ancients, at banquets, were generally high, in order to display to more advantage the rich coverings and other ornaments, and were ascended by means of a bench or steps. Eneas begins his narra Live while reclining on one of these.

3-8. Infandum. "Unutterable."-Ut. "To tell how."-- Et ia mentabile regnum. "And a kingdom worthy of being lamented.”— Quæque ipse miserrima vidi, &c. "As well as those most afflicting scenes which I myself beheld, and of which I formed a large part,” i. e., and in which I personally took a conspicuous share. Quis talia fando, &c. "Who of the Myrmidons, or Dolopians, or what soldier of the cruel Ulysses, can refrain from tears while relating such things?" Observe the unusual employment of the gerund. equivalent to quum talia fatur. — Myrmidonum, &c. The Myrmidones and Dolopes were both Thessalian tribes under the sway of Achilles, and forming part of his forces before Troy. The Dolopes were under the immediate command of Phoenix, the friend and former preceptor of the son of Peleus.-Temperet. Supply sibi. Ob serve the difference between temperare with the accusative, "tc regulate," and temperare with the dative, "to restrain."

9-11. Præcipital. Rushes downward." Supply se. Night is here personified, and, like the sun, moves through the heavens in a chariot. Her course is from east to west, along an imaginary arc, or semicircle, the middle point of which is the zenith, or the part of the heavens directly over our heads. The first half of her cou