Entered according to the Act of Congress, in the year 1854, BY MARSHALL CALKINS, M. D., In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of Massachusetts. PRINTED BY HENRY J. HOWLAND, WORCESTER, MASS. One object which Dr. Newton had in the preparation of this work, was to supply the increasing demand in the New School of Medicine, for a scientific treatise upon the Pathology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Thoracic Diseases; and another was to make public the results of his own study and investigation into General and Special Pathology, and the means of Physical Diagnosis. Many new remedies, though in general use among the physicians of the New School, yet not in common use by the whole profession, are substituted for those upon which dependence has chiefly been placed for the removal of inflammatory diseases. That they are much more efficient, and at the same time less injurious to the constitution, a thorough trial will demonstrate. During nine years, Dr. Newton had given special attention to the study of thoracic diseases, and their treatment, and hence he could reasonably claim ample qualification to execute the task which he commenced. He had formed the plan for the whole work and had written all the general principles of pathology and diagnosis, and also, a particular description of several of the more important diseases of the thorax. Dr. Newton's writing ends on the two hundred and twenty-sixth page, at which place the writing of the Completing Author commences. In the completion of the work, the pathology, diagnosis and prognosis, have been chiefly derived from the best medical authorities of the age; and yet, such alterations have been made as investigation seemed to suggest. The treatment recommended, is substantially that of New School Authors, with such modifications as have seemed necessary, and of practical utility. Being a student of Dr. Newton in 1847 and 1848, and having been since that time associated with him in the practice and teaching of medicine during a limited period, good opportunities have been afforded for learning his peculiar views of the pathology and treatment of disease. From many other medical gentlemen of extensive experience much valuable information has been derived, to whom the Completing Author would here express his thanks for the interest which they have manifested in the work, and for their many voluntary contributions to the treatment of disease. In conclusion he would simply say, that he has used every possible effort to make the work valuable for the profession, to which it is now offered, with the hope that it may be the means of alleviating human suffering, and of the advancement of sound medical education. Worcester, July 1854. M359909 CONTENTS. Serous Effusion, pathology of, 35 V. The Reparative Process; discussion of its nature, 37-45 VI. The Red Corpuscles; description of, 45-50 VII. The Formation of Pus; its kinds, chemical and microscopic char- XII. Carcinoma; forms of; chemical and microscopic character, 69–77 XIII. Melanosis; various forms of, 77-80 XIV. Non Malignant Tumors, encysted, hydatids, vascular, 80-82 DIVISION II. Diagnosis: definition, 83 CHAP. I. Symptoms; divisions of, rational, constitutional, physical signs, 83-85 II. Topographical terms; regions of thorax and abdomen, 85-87 Sec. I. Mode of application, mediate and immediate, 97 Stethoscopes; kinds of; manner of using, 98-103 Sec. II. Healthy sounds of respiration; (a) tubular; (b) vesicular, CHAP. X. Rational Symptoms, 129 Sec. I. Dyspnoea; causes of; table of causes, 129–132 "II. Cough; varieties of, 132–135 Diagnosis; general and special symptoms, 145 II. Secondary Acute Bronchitis, 149 III. Chronic Bronchitis, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, 150-154 66 IV. Bronchitis of Children; Treatment, 155 "V. Epidemic Bronchitis or Influenza, 156 "VI. Bronchitis of Old People; Diagnosis and Treatment, 157-158 Paracentesis Thoracis, 249-252 Description of Operation, 253–257 Treatment to prevent its necessity, 257-259 V. Secondary and Complicated Pleuritis, 261-263 Pathological characters; causes of, 286–289 Location; law of their deposition, 290-292 Forms of; Progress of; Softening of, 293-295 Effects upon the lungs; Cavities; Adhesions, |