Ireland ought to be considered not only in its own interest, but likewise in relation to England, upon whose weal in the main that of this kingdom depends. Temple.

How shall the muse from such a monarch steal Pope. An hour, and not defraud the public weal? WEAL, n. s. Sax. palan. The mark of a stripe. Like warts or weals it hangs upon her skin. Donne. WEALTH, n. s. Sax. pale, rich. From WEALTH'ILY, adv.weal. Prosperity; external

WEALTH'Y, adj. Shappiness; riches: the ad

verb and adjective corresponding.

In all time of our tribulation, in all time of our wealth, in the hour of death, and in the day of judgment, Common Prayer. good Lord deliver us.

In desart hast thine habitance,
And these rich heaps of wealth doth hide apart
From the world's eye and from her right usance.

Faerie Queene.

Quarrels unjust against the good and loyal, Destroying them for wealth.

I wish thee, Vin, above all wealth,

Both bodily and ghostly health:

Not too much wit or wealth come to thee;

For much of either may undo thee.

Shakspeare.

Id.

Corbet.

Dryden.

Each day new wealth without their care provides, They lie asleep with prizes in their nets.

Pope.

My speculations, when sold single, like cherries upon the stick, are delights for the rich and wealthy. Aldis. Not Neptune's self from all his floods receives A wealthier tribute than to thine he gives. Sax. penan. To put from the breast; to ablactate: hence withdraw from any strong desire of habit.

WEAN, v. a.

I have behaved as a child that is weaned of his mother. Psalms.

Here the place whose pleasant sights From other shades have weaned my wandering mind; Tell me what wants me here. Spenser.

I the rather wean me from despair, For love of Edward's offspring in my womb. Shaksp. Seriously reflect on the happy state he shall most

certainly arrive to, if he but wean himself from these worldly impediments here that clog his soul's flight. Digby.

There the coarse cake, and homely husks of beans, From pamp'ring riot the young stomach weans. Dryd. A fortnight before you wean calves from milk, let water be mixed with it. Mortimer The troubles of age were intended by the Author of our being to wean us gradually from our fondness of Swift. life, the nearer we approach to the end of it. WEAN'EL, n.s. From wean. WEAN'LING.

An animal

S newly weaned. Though when as Lowder was far away, This wolfish sheep would catchen his prey; A lamb, or a kid, or a weanel wast, With that to the wood would he speed haste. Spenser. To gorge the flesh of lambs and weanling kids, On hills where flocks are fed, flies toward the springs Of Ganges or Hydaspes. WEAPON, n. s. WEAPONED, adj. WEAPONLESS,

WEAPONSALVE, n. s.

Milton.

Sax. peapon. Instrument of offence: armed with such an instrument: destitute of such an in

strument; unarmed: weaponsalve is a salve which, applied to the weapon, was supposed to cure the wound it made.

In what sort, so ill weaponed, could you atchieve this
Sidney.
enterprise?
The giant

Down let fall his arm, and soft withdrew
His weapon huge, that heaved was on high,
For to have slain the man that on the ground did lie.
Spenser.

Take this weapon

Which I have here recovered from the Moor. Shaksp.
His foes, who came to bring him death,
Bring him a weapon that before had none.
Sampson

Ran on embatted armies, clad in iron,
And weaponless himself.

Daniel.

Milton.

That the sympathetic powder and the weapon-salve constantly perform what is promised, I leave others to believe. Boyle.

With his full force he whirled it first around; Imperial Juno turned the course before, And fixed the wandering weapon in the door. Dryden. WEAR, v. a., v. N., & Pret. wore; part. WEARER, n. s. [n. s. worn. Sax. pepan. To Swaste with use, time, or

WEAR'ING. instruments; to impair by gradual diminution: hence to use; carry appendant to the body; exhibit to be wasted; pass away by degrees: the act of wearing or thing worn: a wearer is, that which wastes or diminishes; one who uses or carries any thing appended to him: wearing is used by Shakspeare for clothes.

Thou wilt surely wear away. Exodus xviii. 18. Waters wear the stones. Job xiv. 19. Their adorning let it not be that outward adorning of plaiting the hair, and of wearing of gold. 1 Peter iii. 3. It was his bidding;

Give me my nightly wearing, and adieu. Shakspeare. Were I the wearer of Antonio's beard,

I would not shave 't to day.

To wear away this long age of three hours!

WEAR', n. s. Saxon þæɲ. WEAR'ISH, adj. boggy; watery. They will force themselves through flood-gates, or Walton. over wears, hedges, or stops in the water.

A garment over rich and wide for many of their wearish and ill-disposed bodies.

Carew.

WEAR, or WEER, is a great dam in a river, fitted for the taking of fish, or for conveying the stream to a mill. New wears are not to be made, or others altered, to the nuisance of the public, under a certain penalty.

WEA'RY, adj. & v. a. Saxon peniz; Belg. WEARINESS, n. s. waeren. Subdued by WEA'RISOME, adj. fatigue; tired; worn; WEA'RISOMELY, adv. worn out to fatigue; WEA'RISOMENESS, n. s. tire; harass: wearisome is tedious; tiresome; causing weariness: the other derivatives correspond.

Let us not be weary in well doing.

Gal. vi. 9.

The people labour in the very fire, and weary themselves for very vanity.

Hab. ii. 13.

Fair Phoebus 'gan decline, in haste, His weary waggon to the western vale. Spenser. The soul preferreth rest in ignorance before wearisome

labour to know.

Hooker.

WEATHER, n. s. & v. a. \ WEATHERBEATEN, adj. WEATHERCOCK, n. s. WEATHERDRIVEN, adj. WEATHERGAGE, n. s. WEATHERGLASS, WEATHERSPY, WEATHERWISER.

Dryden.

Sax. peden; Isl. wether. State of the air, respecting either cold or heat, wet or dryness; change of that state; tempest; storm to weather is expose to the air and its changes; to pass with difficulty; gain; endure: weatherbeaten, harmed or worn by the weather: weathercock, weathergage, and weatherglass, instruments for ascertaining the state or changes of the wind or weather: weatherspy and weatherwiser, prognosticators of the weather, male, female, or neuter; weatherdriven, forced by storms er weather. Mustard-seed gather for being too ripe,

And weather it wel, yer ye give it a stripe. Tusser. They perceived an aged man and a young, both poorly arrayed, extremely weather beaten; the old man blind, the young man leading him. Sidney.

ld.

He perched on some branch thereby, To weather him, and his moist wings to dry. Spenser. She enjoys sure peace for evermore, As weatherbeaten ship arrived on happy shore. Who's there, besides foul weather? -One minded like the weather, most unquietly. Shaks. Where had you this pretty weathercock?-I cannot tell what his name is my husband had him of.

Thrice from the banks of Wye,

And sandy-bottomed Severn, have I sent
Him bootless home, and weatherbeaten back.

And sooner may a gulling weatherspy,
By drawing forth heaven's scheme, tell certainly
What fashioned hats, or ruffs, or suits, next year
Our giddy-headed antick youth will wear.

Id.

ld.

Donne.

I hope, when you know the worst, you will at once leap into the river, and swim through handsomely, and

WEATHER. See METEOROLOGY. WEATHER, in sea-language, is applied by mariners to every thing lying to windward of a particular situation; thus, a ship is said to have the weather-gage of another when she is farther to windward. Thus also, when a ship under sail presents either of her sides to the wind, it is then called the weather-side, or weather-board; and all the rigging and furniture situated thereon are distinguished by the same epithet, as the weather shrouds, the weather-lifts, the weather-braces, &c. WEAVE, v. a. & v. n. Į Pret. wove, weaved; WEAV'ER, n. s. participle pass. woven, weaved. Sax. peran; Belg. weven; Teut. weben. To form by texture, or by inserting one part of the materials within another; insert; unite; to work

with a loom one who weaves.

The women wove hangings for the grove. 2 Kings xxiii. 7. My days are swifter than a weaver's shuttle.

WEAVING. The various processes for weaving with the common loom have been fully discussed in those departments of our work dedicated to the manufacture of CLOTH and COTTON; and it will now only be necessary to furnish our readers with a description of the improved power loom as manufactured by Mr. Roberts of Manchester.

The patentee's improvements are divided into several heads, the first of which consists in an im proved manner of constructing and applying the tappets which are employed for raising and depressing the different shafts or heddles in those looms where more than two shafts or heddles are used. This part of the improvement is applicable both to hand looms and those which are worked by power. Plate I of WEAVING Contains several views of a power loom, having six shafts or heddles, adapted to weave twilled cloths or fustians, and such other fabrics as have the threads crossed in weaving, in that peculiar manner called twill Fig. 1 is a front view of the loom (the cloth-roller | and breast-beam being removed, in order to exhibit the parts behind). Fig. 2 represents the left hand end of the loom; fig. 3 the right hand end; and fig. 4 is a horizontal view, that is, looking down upon the top.

The framing is of cast iron, bolted or screwed together, so as to render the whole firm; a is the yarn roller, upon which the warps are wound, and this is made to turn with considerable friction, by means of cords passing over pulleys, with weights suspended in order to keep the warp tight. The warp is drawn from this roller over a small roller b, and thence is conducted to the lease-rods c, and through the loops of the several heddles d. These heddles are made to move up and down (in the manner hereafter to be described) for the purpose of separating the warp into two sheds, between which the shuttle is to pass, for the purpose of bringing the weft threads between those of the warp, and thereby weaving the fabric; e is the lay in which the reed is placed, consisting of a series of fine wires; between these wires the warp passes, and by it the threads are separated. This lay is supported by two arms f,f, and vibrates upon a shaft with pivots below.

The lay is moved backward to enable the shuttle to pass along its race between the divided parts of the warp, and it is brought forward to beat up the weft after the shuttle has passed; g is the place of the breast beam, over which the cloth or other fabric passes when it is woven, and descends from the breast-beam to the roller h, where it is wound up. On the end of the axle of this roller, h, there is a toothed wheel i (seen in fig. 3) which takes into a pinion upon the axle of the ratchet wheel k. A click or pall at the end of the cross-lever falls into this ratchet, and the lower end of the crosslever being connected to the leg of the lay, moves with it, turning upon a pivot in the centre of the cross, and, every time that the lay goes backward, the click pulls the ratchet wheel one tooth, thereby causing the pinion to move the roller i round with a very slow motion, by which the cloth is progressively drawn on to the roller as it accumulates in

the loom.

The machinery is put in motion by means of the band m, seen in fig. 2, which proceeds from the steam-engine, or any other first mover, and passes over the rigger n, which is fixed to a small flywheel upon the end of the main shaft of the loom

shown at oo, fig. 4. This shaft o has two cranks upon it, which, by means of the connecting links p, p, gives motion to the lay. The other end of this shaft has a small toothed-wheel 9, seen at fig. 3, which takes into another toothed-wheel r, of twice the diameter, which last is fixed upon the end of an horizontal axle tt, extending the whole width of the loom, as shown at fig. 1. This axle has a small bevel pinion v fixed upon it, which actuates a bevel-wheel u upon the cross axle w. The tappet wheel is also fixed upon this axle, and the geer is so regulated that the tappet wheel makes one revolution to every nine revolutions of the crank shaft.

The tappet wheel is formed by two wheels which carry nine small axles, on each of these axles are six small friction rollers, making in the whole fifty-four friction rollers. These rollers are intended to act upon twelve curved levers y, z, fig. 1. The curved levers move upon fixed centres supported in small bearings; six of these curved levers are supported at 1, and the other six at 2, crossing each other, as shown in fig. 1, the extremities of the levers alternately rising and falling. The ends of these levers, towards the middle of the loom, are attached by cords to the lower rails of the heddles, and their other extremities by cords to the top levers, from which are suspended the upper rails of the heddles.

The operation of the tappet wheel upon the heddles is this-Having been actuated by means of the shaft and geer, as before described, the wheel in its revolution causes the friction rollers to strike alternately upon one or other of the levers y or 2, and force them down, by which means the respective leddles are depressed or raised at certain parts of the operation, and these drawing the sheds of the warp up or down to permit the shuttle to pass, as before described, dispose the warp according to that particular arrangement which is calculated to produce a twilled fabric. In order to vary the twill, the friction rollers are capable of being shifted, and, by so disposing the collets between the rollers, certain of them may be situated so as not to act upon any particular one or more of the curved levers.

The operation of pecking, or throwing the shutle, is effected by means of a double arm or tappet 3 on the axis of the shaft tt, which acts upon the levers 4, seen in fig. 3, whence rods and bands pass to a vibrating lever 5, upon the axle of a wheel at the top of the loom in front, as seen in fig. 1. Thus the revolution of the tappets 3, causing the alteration of the levers 4, produce the vibratory action of the lever 5; and cords being passed from this lever to the peckers 6, 6, cause the peckers alternately to strike the shuttle out of its box, and send it across the lay e.

There is a provision in case the shuttle should by any accident stop in the race to prevent the lay from coming forward, which would otherwise break the reed; this is by means of small springs in the shuttle boxes, which, when the shuttle has not reached its destination, stand out and catch against small projections, and by that means stop the advance of the lay. Whenever this happens, the main strap m is, by the sudden action of a spring, pushed off the rigger of the main shaft, and the machinery is altogether stopped until the accidental interruption is removed.

The second improvement applies to that descrip

tion of loom employed for the weaving of figured goods, and consists in certain machinery to be placed above the loom for the purpose of effecting the raising and depressing of such parts of the warp as are usually operated upon by the draw boy. Very considerable difficulty and labor are attendant upon the old mode of setting in any particular pattern, figure, or design to be woven, but this labor and consequent expense are, in a great measure, overcome by the plan proposed under the present patent.

A section of the improved piece of mechanism is shown in plate II., fig. 1, which is to be placed immediately over the heddles or leases of the loom ; a is a cylinder mounted upon an axle, and supported upon bearings in the frame. The periphery of this cylinder is perforated with a vast number of holes at equal distances apart, so as to render the appearance of its entire surface like a colander. Previous to placing the cylinder in the loom, it is to be covered with stout drawing paper, and, when set in such a situation that the light may shine through the perforations, a small punch is to be employed for the purpose of pricking through the paper, and through the cylinder, certain holes corresponding to the required pattern.

The cylinder thus pierced is then placed in the frame as shown at a, so as to revolve upon its pivots, resting in bearings capable of accurate adjustment. A series of needles b are rauged in a hori zontal position, so that their end may come in contact with the periphery of the cylinder.-Cords cc and dd, fastened to the frame above, pass through eyes in the needles, and proceed down to the heddles or leases below. These needles work in guide pieces, and are supported by a straight bar e, which passes through their bent parts behind, and by that means they are enabled to slide acccurately in a line with the axis of the cylinder. When the ends of the needles come against the blank or unpierced parts of the paper upon the periphery of the cylinder, they are pressed back, and the cords are drawn out of the perpendicular, as d, d, by which means the needles acquire a tendency to advance when any of the apertures come opposite them, so as to permit their ends to slide forward. When any of the needles have slidden forward through any of the apertures of the cylinder, the cords attached to those needles become straight as c, c. There are four bars f, g, f, g, from each of which a row of forks, like a wide toothed comb, extend. Between the forks or teeth of these bars the cords pass; and as the bars are drawn up or let down, by the action of the top levers, a knot in each of the cords causes them and the heddles to which they are attached below to be drawn up or let down also: it will hence be seen that those needles which have been allowed to advance by passing into the apertures of the cylinder, draw the bent cords d, d, into the straight position of c c, and by that means those cords are withdrawn from the teeth of the forked bars g, g, and are placed between the teeth of ff, which, in rising, take hold of the knots and lift the heddles attached to the cords so operated upon; while those needles which are forced back by the blanks of the cylinder keep their cords bent in the position of d, d, and the heddles connected to these cords are lifted by the rising of the bars g, g; thus the different parts of the warp required to be raised, to produce any particular pattern or damask figure, are so raised