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extensively over the chest, until it is well blistered, will be found serviceable :—Take Egyptiacum two ounces, vinegar two ounces, hartshorn two ounces, turpentine one ounce, oil of origanum one ounce, euphorbium two drachms, Spanish flies two drachms. Put them in a bottle, and shake them well for use.

lungs should perform their duties without being
impeded by disease. When inflammation has
attacked the lungs, we must immediately resort
to the most prompt and efficacious remedies.
Among these, bleeding certainly is the most use-
ful; and, on some occasions, the practitioner has
carried it to an extent almost incredible. The
first symptoms are invariably those of fever, com-
mon to all inflammatory complaints; then are
loss of appetite, cold shiverings, restlessness, de-
pressed head, beating flanks, and difficulty of
breathing. This last symptom increases in extent,
in proportion to the advance of the disease,
which may be known by the following symp-
toms:-Very quick and difficult breathing, vio-
lent working of the flanks, restlessness, expanded
nostrils, for the admission of a greater quantity
of air, head depressed, and inclining to the part
affected, expressing pain and trouble. The horse
seldom attempts to lie down during this sick-
ness, but sometimes the animal falls suddenly
and dies. His extremities are generally cold,
but the body is suffering under a strong fever,
attended with a dry short cough, and a discharge
at the nostrils; the mouth is dry and parched,
and the pulse which, at first, is generally strong
and hard, but which is afterwards more oppressed,
rises when you take blood. In some cases there
is more difficulty in breathing than in others:
this depends upon the extent of the disease; the
horse finds he breathes more at ease when stand-
ing than when lying down. This difficulty of
breathing arises from the lungs containing too
much blood, which lessens the size of the air
cells, and, beyond doubt, diminishes their num-
ber. From this cause, the horse, so often as he
breathes, cannot admit so much air into his lungs
as is sufficient to enable them to perform their
functions: hence he breathes more frequently.
The quantity of blood in the lungs is greater,
and circulates slower than when in health;
thereby, its free return from the head and neck
is checked, and the eyes and membrane of the
nose are frequently red and inflamed, while the
veins of the neck project with over distension.
The next thing to be done is to cool the body,
act upon the kidneys, and purge the bowels.
The following plan is an excellent one :-Take
James's powder two drachms, prepared kali half
an ounce, nitre half an ounce, Castile soap two
drachms, confection of roses half an ounce; beat
them into a ball. Give this ball immediately
after bleeding, and, while the inflammation con-
tinues, repeat it two or three times a day. Six
hours after bleeding, give him the purging drink,
recommended under the head of Fever, which
see. Let this be repeated every morning until
the bowels be freely opened. You may assist
the operation of the purging drink materially,
by using the following clyster :-Take thin water
gruel four quarts, nitre one ounce, Glauber's
salts four ounces, linseed oil half a pint. Dis-
solve the salts in the gruel, and give it to the
horse when lukewarm. Observe the general
rules which I have laid down previous to the
exhibition of a clyster. You may inject, as above,
once a day until the medicines operate: you
may also employ blistering to great advantage.
The use of the following, rubbed well in, and

4. Pleuritis. Symptoms and mode of treatment precisely the same as those of the last.

5. Catarrhus influenza. Distemper. This disease is generally caused by sudden transitions from heat to cold, where the animal, in a state of excessive perspiration, and overcome by great exertion, is immerged in cold water, or (as is too frequently the abused practice) drenched with buckets full, by way of refreshing the horse. The general symptoms are severe cough or catarrh, excessive drowsiness, moisture from the eyes and nostrils, quick pulse and breathing, quinsey in the throat, universal debility, &c. The best remedy is immediate and free bleeding; then turn out the animal to a well enclosed and sheltered pasture, where, in due process of time, with the assistance of wholesome grass, and good air, the disease will be effectually removed. If the horse cannot conveniently be stirred from the stable, he should be fed on light bran mashes, and very small portions of the very best of hay; if grass could be obtained, it would be much better. The best medicine is nitrate of potass (nitre), to be given in three doses; the first in the morning; the second at one o'clock in the afternoon, and the third at night, in the quantity of half an ounce to each dose. Clysters should also be served sufficiently frequent to keep the body in a free and cool state. The above regimen and treatment should be continued until the animal be in a state of perfect convalescence; then very small proportions of oats, well bruised and wetted, may at intervals be allowed him.

6. Gastritis. Stomach staggers. The stomach is sometimes, when in a diseased state, affected by acute inflammation, from receiving into it poisonous or highly stimulating substances. However, this is not a case of very frequent occurrence. Botts are supposed to produce sometimes a species of chronic inflammation in the stomach. The principal indications of acute stomachic inflammation are general heaviness, quick breathing and pulsation, legs and ears chilly, &c. If an over quantity of arsenic, blue vitriol, or corrosive sublimate, be received in the stomach, the best antidotes against their poisonous effects are liver of sulphur; a solution of soap, with an infusion of flax seed; a solution of gum arabic, or arrow-root boiled, is also recommended. If acute inflammation ensue from the action of violent stimulants, such as an excessive dose of nitrate of potass, linseed infusion is considered the best anti-stimulant. The animal should also be bled. If the stomach be inflamed by botts, doses of olive or castor oil should be given, and clysters of oil and warm water be thrown up. As the disease abates his regimen of diet should be very temperate, nutritive mashes of bran, and a small portion of bruised oats; also green herbage, as grass, &c., are the best diet.

7. Peritonitis. This disorder proceeds from the quick removal of a horse into a close stable,

be applied to the coronet and the heels of the frog, if dry or cracked. In very bad cases of sand crack, the cautery, or burning iron, is sometimes used successfully; a blister on the coronet above the sand crack has also produced beneficial results.

13. Gravelling. This complaint is caused by the introduction of gravel or dirt at the heel, between the crust and sole, whereby suppuration ensues either above or beneath the sole, and not unfrequently breaks out on the coronet. The heel must be pared away, and every portion of horn detached from the sensible parts must be cut off. The dirt or gravel must be completely removed by the application of tents of tow dipped in warm water. Should the parts appear inflamed, poultices must be laid on. When the inflammation ceases, tents of tow or lint, steeped in a solution of blue vitriol, should be introduced, and afterwards the cure may be completed by Friar's balsam and tar ointment. Until the sole and heel are firmly joined together, a bar-shoe must be kept on the injured foot.

of the diseased horn. When all inflammatory symptoms have subsided, the sensible portions should be dressed with a solution of caustic or blue vitriol, and finish with the tar ointment. However, this may be considered the only effectual remedy in desperate stages of the complaint, a little timely care on its first appearance would prevent the fatal results which must inevitably ensue to the animal when it is long neglected. In those advanced stages of the disorder, notwithstanding the remedies proposed, the sensible portions of the foot will ever be in a tender state; therefore, the protection of the bar-shoe, as already directed, is absolutely necessary, and should be constantly used. The animal will find great relief in being allowed to expatiate in meadow without shoes, provided the tender heel be first pared down as has been already inculcated.

14. Corns. In nine cases out of ten, this afflicting and frequently dangerous complaint is solely attributable to the gross neglect or ignorance of the smith in shoeing horses carelessly or improperly. All sporting gentlemen and dealers in horses should, therefore, be particular as to the capacity of the farrier before they submit their horses for his shoeing operation. Corns are produced from the heel of the shoe, either by pressing immediately on the sole, which may be too slight to bear it, or by pressing the heel of the case or crust (as it is termed) internally. The sensible sole and thin coats become bruised, and the blood passes into the pores of the horn, which may be perceptible (when the shoe is taken off and the sole is scraped) from its livid appearance. This bruised portion, as well as that around it, cannot possibly bear the impression of a shoe from the soreness and inflammation attending the wound; therefore, a sufficient quantity of the sole, crust, and bar must be pared off, so that, when the bar-shoe is put on, it shall be at least three-quarters of an inch separate from the surface. The shoe should be taken off occasionally, and the parts pared off, according as their growth increases. In most cases of this kind, it will be necessary to reduce the hard substance on the heel by well rasping it, other wise the frog is perpetually exposed to the severe pressure of the bar-shoe. If the feet feel unnaturally hot, wet cloths or poultices should be applied constantly, until the heat is removed. Some ignorant horse-doctors cut out the corn only, so that the bar and crust are left to form a juncture with the heel of the shoe; but even if the shoe were made so as to bear off the quarter it would avail little, for, in the course of exercise, the horse's weight must press upon the shoe, and consequently injure the affected part. Inattention to a proper mode of treatment, in the first instance, is the cause of so many fine animals being left upon three legs during the whole period of their lives. The only remedy, in this extreme stage of corns, is the application of emollient poultices, and a complete excision

15. Bruises of the sole. The sole may be bruised either from its being naturally flat and thin, or from being made so by the smith, and this he does from a desire of doing what he believes to be right; that is, to make the bottom of the foot concave when there is not sufficient horn to admit of its being made so, without making it so thin as to be incapable of resisting the blows to which it must of necessity be exposed. It may also happen from a careless use of the drawing knife, that is, by cutting away too much at once; in doing which they sometimes wound the sole, or leave a small part so thinly covered that not only the sensible sole, but even the coffin bone, become bruised, which cannot fail to happen when a foot has been thus pared. When this happens matter will form under the horny sole, and when this has been let out, and all the hollow horn removed, the horse will appear relieved; but sometimes the pain will continue, from there being matter deeper than this; that is, between the sensible sole and the coffin bone; this being let out, and all the surrounding horn thinned away, the foot should be wrapped up in a bran poultice: the following day the poultice will perhaps be unnecessary, and it may then be found that a small part of the coffin bone is bare, which may be distinctly felt when it is probed. This bare part of the bone should be scraped with a suitable instrument, and afterwards dressed with the tincture of myrrh: this will in the course of a short time effect a cure. Before the horse is put to work the sole should be hardened; and this may be done by keeping it stopped with tar ointment. Tar ointment, tar and hog's lard equal parts; to be melted together, and when removed from the fire to be kept stirring until it is cold.

16. Over-reaching, over-lashing, or over-stepping. These in old books of farriery were termed according to their situation in the heel, or above the fetlock joint, the higher and the nether attaint; from the French atteint. These accidents sometimes happen from the toe of the hind foot being too long, and not squared off as 'I have advised. It may also occur from bad riding, in pulling up a horse badly, and making him gallop false, as it is termed. Whenever the wound is such as to leave a flap of skin, whe

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ther it be upwards, downwards, or sideways, it should be immediately cut off as close as possible; a re-union of the parts can never happen, and by leaving the flap, and attempting to effect the re-union of the parts, there would be thickening and a greater blemish, and its removal would be found necessary at last. This may be considered as a contused wound, and to all such wounds I think a poultice the best remedy. This probably will be doubted by surgeons; but in horse surgery it will be found the best practice. When the inflammation has been completely subdued, by this poultice, the astringent paste may be applied, and nothing more done for two days, when it is to be soaked and washed off, and a similar dressing laid on. Three or four of these dressings will generally effect a cure. Astringent paste, finely powdered alum and pipe-clay, in equal proportions; water enough to give it the consistence of cream. When the wound is perfectly healed, a little sallad oil or hog's lard may be necessary to soften the cicatrix.

17. Thrush. In this disease the frog is ulcerated, causing a discharge of fætid matter from the cleft or division. It is not always productive of lameness, particularly where the hind feet are affected, which is always the result of negligence, in allowing the horse to stand in his dung. The horny frog becomes soft and rotten, and the acrid matter penetrating through it in flammes the sensible frog, and, instead of horn being secreted for its defence, a fœtid and acrimonious matter is discharged. Contraction in the heels will sometimes produce thrushes in the fore feet, but it is more generally the consequence of want of elasticity and increased thickness of the hoof. The treatment of thrush must depend on the cause by which it is produced. That in the hind feet will be cured by proper washing and removing the filth, which occasions it; when however it has gone so far as to produce ulceration of the sensible frog, it must then be dressed with a solution of blue vitriol or oxymel of verdigrise, after cleansing the frog thoroughly with tow. One dressing will be sufficient to effect a cure. The tar ointment ordered in narrow heels should be applied hot, to promote the regeneration of horn. Thrush in the fore feet must be treated differently. The cause must be first removed, which is an increased quantity of blood thrown into the frog, from the compression which the sensible foot undergoes from the contraction of the heels. In this case, the animal suffers pain from his ineffectual efforts to expand the inelastic and inflexible heel; this causes him to lift the frog, and go chiefly on the toe. Thus it is that stumbling and falling are so common in this disease. By attempting to stop this kind of thrush with those preparations commonly used, the lameness is often increased. All that is necessary here is to rasp the quarters and heels of the hoof, attenuate the soles, and cover the frog with tar ointment; the foot should then be wrapped in an emollient poultice. Slight cases will be effectually relieved by this treatment. Should however the thrush remain, after these 'applications, apply the following mixture:-Take tar

four ounces, white vitriol half an ounce, aluni in powder two ounces; mix them, and add gradually sulphuric acid three drachms. It is necessary to describe a third kind of thrush, which is, in point of fact, nothing less than the commencement of canker; it is not so common as those already treated on. This species of thrush may be always removed by carefully cutting away from the frog all the horn that is detached from the sensible frog, and afterwards applying Egyptiacum with a few drops of oil of vitriol. The part affected should be kept clean with a sponge and warm water; and, when the ulcers are healed, the regeneration of horn must be assisted by applying the hoof ointment used in narrow heels.

18. Canker. This obstinate and often incurable disease first makes its appearance in the frog, spreading thence to the surrounding parts, and at times affecting the coffin bone. In the first place it is necessary to pare the foot down, carefully removing every particle of horn which may conceal any part affected. This must be repeated each time the foot is examined, which should be daily. All the putrified flesh must be removed with the knife, taking care not to go deeper than the decayed part, otherwise the coffin bone will be in danger of injury. When this is properly done, let the shoe be fixed with two or three nails only on each side; and, if it it is necessary to stop the bleeding, lay over the incised part a handful of salt, and secure it with pledgets of tow. This application must be removed the following day, and the hoof examined, to ascertain whether or not it presses upon any tender part; if so, pare it thin, or, if thought necessary, remove it. Take corrosive sublimate two scruples, muriatic acid two drachms, Friar's balsam, compound tincture of myrrh, of each two ounces. Mix them, and 'put into a bottle. Let this tincture be applied over the whole of the diseased part, after which, take pledgets of tow and dip in the following mixture, applying them all over the affected parts:-Take white vitriol, blue vitriol in powder, of each two drachms, alum in powder half an ounce, Egyptiacum four ounces, sulphuric acid twenty drops. Mix well. Spread pledgets of tow with this mixture, as before stated, and fill up the vacancy over them with other pledgets spread with the tar mixture ordered in thrush: this is the best method of effecting a cure. The foot must be dressed every day, and should any fungus make its appearance, it will be easily removed by touching it with lunar caustic, or sprinkling over it a little powdered verdigrise. The cure is rendered more difficult in these cases where the horse loses his hoof, which sometimes occurs, and always occasions great inconvenience in dressing. If the hoof is in such a state as to prevent the shoe being fastened to it, the dressings must be secured by a boot made for the purpose. The quantity of cloths or rags which are generally applied often produce such heat in the foot as to increase the injury, every precaution must therefore be taken to prevent the hoof separating from the foot, and the following astringent lotion should be applied once or twice a day -Take sugar of lead, white vitriol, of each

half an ounce, alum five drachms, vinegar nine ounces, water four ounces. Mix, and put into a bottle. This lotion must be applied to the foot and instep as high as the fetlock joint, previous to its being dressed, and some of it may be poured round the fetlock joint, or at the edge of the cloths so as to be allowed to find its way down at any other part of the day. By pursuing this plan the hoof will often be preserved from entire separation. It is necessary to give two or three of the following balls :-Take calomel one drachm, ginger two drachms, red nitrate of quicksilver finely powdered one scruple, castile soap two drachms, add a sufficient quantity of syrup to make a ball. One of these balls should be given every third night, and worked off the following morning with a common purging ball; by this treatment the blood will be cooled and improved, and the disease checked. In about three weeks after he has taken the last ball, it will be necessary to give him two or three mild alterative balls every second night. By pursuing this plan of treatment with attention, a cure may be effected in the most serious cases.

19. Pomiced feet are the consequence of inflammation. It is a thickening internally, which displaces the coffin bone so as to make it bear on the sole. A pomiced foot is flat or convex on the sole, and fallen in on the front of the hoof. We can only palliate the disease.

20. Groggy feet, indebted for this very fanciful denomination to the ruling motion, which weakness of the joint imparts to the segments of the limb below. This is a diseased softening of the joint and ligaments. Blistering and entire rest only are useful here.

21. Sitfasts. These appear like dark colored scabs on the back, but are really dead hard skin, and cannot be removed until they have been poulticed a few days. Then they may be separated by means of a pair of pliers; but it requires some force to remove them, and generally a few strokes with the knife. When this has been done the cure may be completed with the astringent paste, applied once in two days, and the scab removed previously to each application. A little sallad oil may be necessary to soften the cicatrix after the wound is healed.

Genus V.-ABSORBENT SYSTEM. Species 1. Farcy, or Farcin, terminates, if not prevented in glanders, and may be either constitutional or local. This disease is, contrary to the opinion of some, extremely contagious; and when caught in this way is generally communicated to the horse by the rubbing of some parts of his body against the manger where a glandered horse has stood, or, perhaps, being touched with a currycomb that had glanderous matter upon it, or from the diseased horse biting or scratching another or himself; in short, by any means that brings the matter of a glandered horse in contact with a sound one. It is well known that a single drop of that poisonous matter is sufficient to produce both farcy and glanders: however, farcy is much more frequently caused by bad living and hard work than by contagion: and, if it proceed in its course, it terminates by glanders and death.

Farcy has been, by the old farriers, thought to be a disease of the veins; but it is now fully proved to be a disease of the absorbent or lymphatic vessels; and farcy buds, as they are called, are the enlarged glands of that system in which the virus is acting, and are what, in the human system, are called buboes: like them, they are difficult to heal when once ulcerated. The ulceration of these farcy buds are termed farcy pipes, in the language of farriery. There are two kinds of farcy, one which commences in the surface of the body, and is termed the button, or bred farcy; the other commences in the hind legs, and sometimes in the fore. The swellings called farcy buds are not so apt to be found near or over the joints, but between them, and they may be distinguished from those tumors called surfeit, by not being so diffused, or so broad and flat, and by not being on the outside of the limb, or on the body, where surfeit tumors appear most commonly. Farcy buds are knotty, and when on the legs are to be found inside. Farcied limbs become swelled; but they differ from the swelling of mere debility in this, namely, that exercise and rubbing will remove the latter, but in farcy it cannot be removed, and there are knotty tumors to be felt, and an evident enlargement of what might be thought the veins, but what, in reality, are the absorbent vessels. The tumors of farcy, if allowed to go on, break and degenerate into foul ulcers, the matter of which is contagious. cases of grease will become farcy, if neglected. Lameness sometimes attacks one leg, and then suddenly changes to the other. For the cure of this disease diluted sulphuric acid, as recommended by Mr. Rydge, who also recommends Mr. Blane's prescription. Six ounces of the expressed juice of goose-grass, six ounces of the decoction of hemp seed, and six ounces of the essence of spruce.

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2. Glanders. The transition is ready from a highly inflamed state to ulcerating condition, whence we can account for the mutation of the farcy into glanders. The general symptoms of glanders are, a discharge, mostly from the left nostril, seldom from the right, and sometimes from both. This running, at first, is inconsiderable, and in substance resembles the white of an egg. The membrane within the nostril is unusually red; the swelling of the glands or kernels under the jaw, and between the parts of the lower jaw, is almost invariably observable on the same side as the infected nostril. In other respects, the animal exhibits every appearance of soundness, as regard its appetite, condition, spirits, &c. The urine is generally crude and transparent. Glanders are not unfrequently accompanied by a cutaneous disease, of a scorbutic character, called farcin or farcy. Glanders may be divided into two stages; namely, the acute, or rapid violent stage, and the chronic, or slow mild stage. The acute glanders are frequently accompanied by acute farcy; in that case, large painful tumors in various parts, ulcers about the face, neck, or lips appear; also inflammation and ulceration of the fore or hind legs, testicles, and sheath. In short, when the disease has arrived at this frightful

stage, all hopes of cure are gone, and it would that is, when the pulse is hard and quick, the be an act of humanity to destroy the suffering flanks heave, the legs cold, the cough painful, and animal at once, and rid him of his torture. It the nostrils red; if the throat be sore, stimulate would also be the wisest plan, in order to pre- it, but do not blister; apply constantly a nosevent farther contagion among other horses. bag, with a warm mash in it, frequently changed; Chronic glanders are of an opposite character, rub the swellings with an ointment, made of and, in the early stages, so mild in their pro- equal parts of suet and turpentine; do this gress, that the health, condition, or appetite of twice a day, and keep on a warm poultice; if the horse is not at all affected. If the animal necessary, shave the hair off the kernels. When be well kept, and moderately worked, he may the swellings burst internally, nature must effect continue a useful servant to his owner many the cure,: the horse must have light food, and years. The symptoms of chronic glanders, in mild exercise. When there is a proper point to their advanced stages, are ulcers inside the nos- the abscess, open it with a lancet, and press out trils, which if too high up to be visible, may be the matter gently; then keep the wound open known to exist from the suppurated running that with a piece of lint, covered with lard, and condrops from the nose; sometimes it exudes in tinue the poultice for a day or two. such quantities, and is of so sticky and thick a substance, that it adheres to the orifice of the nostrils and upper lip, so as frequently to impede free nasal respiration, and cause the animal to snuffle and snore. Sometimes the matter has a sanguineous appearance, and if the animal be over-worked, in this advanced stage of the disorder, he will often bleed profusely from the nose. If in the mild or early stage of chronic glanders blood flow from the nose, or the matter have a foul smell, it is a sure signal of the second stage coming on; consequently, the running flows more copiously, and becomes more offensive, the glands under the jaw increase in size and hardness, and adhere close to the jaw bone. Matter appears also in the inner corners of the eyes. The horse falls off in condition, has a constant inclination to stool, coughs violently, and in a short time death closes the sufferings of the poor animal.

3. Lampas. La Fosse was the first person who pointed out the absurdity of cauterising this swelling, since it accompanies the cutting of the grinding teeth, and merely points out to us that something ought to be done to humor a stomach rendered delicate by sympathising with

the mouth.

4. Bags or washes.

Genus VI.-CONGLOMERATE GLANDS. Species 1. Strangles is a disease affecting the kernels and other glands of the neck. General fever, swelling of glands, under and within the lower jaw, cough, drought, and loss of appetite; sometimes there is very little general fever, and the glands swell, suppurate, and burst, without much notice; generally, however, the disease is mistaken for the distemper. It is distinguished from this by the swellings, which are hot, more tender, and larger, than in the distemper. A similar case, in each treatment, is proper; but it is advantageous to bring the swellings to a head in strangles as soon as possible; for this purpose use strong, hot, stimulating poultices. In the distemper, we must use a liniment of hartshorn, vinegar, and oil: if we are in doubt, therefore, we must use only warm fomentations; this removes tightness and irritability, without occasioning suppuration. Sometimes, in strangles, there is a discharge from the nose, before the kernels come to a head-this is called the bastard strangles. When the fever is considerable, we must not bleed, unless upon a great emergency;

2. Vives. The parotid or great salivary gland, situated close under the ear, becomes inflamed and swollen, and, if the vein should have received glanderous poison, the inflammation may reach the heart, when the rapid destruction of the horse must be the consequence. If the excretory passage or duct of the parotid gland be only affected, there is no danger; it is merely necessary to let the matter flow off from the orifice, and not prevent its current; the secreting powers of the gland, and the gland itself, will be at last annihilated without any injurious effects to the animal.

Genus VII.-SANGUIFEROUS SYSTEM.

Blood spavin. This disease consists in an enlargement of the saphena vein, which passes over the bog spavin, and often accompanies that disease. The remedy employed by farriers is to make an incision in the skin, and pass some thread, by means of a crooked needle, under the vein below the dilated part. In one case, after the vein had been securely tied, and the wound in the skin stitched up, the horse was turned to grass; sometimes with a strengthening plaster or charge placed all over the joint.

Genus VIII.-INTERNAL MEMBRANES. Hernia. When we can push back the gut it is called reducible hernia; but, when we cannot, it is called irreducible; and, if the gut becomes obstructed, it is called strangulated. It is only in the last that we can be of any real use; and that is, to prevent immediate death, by reducing the gut into the abdomen; for nothing can remove the common affection of reducible hernia but pressure, and this cannot be permanently applied with horses. Our services can only be required in strangulated hernia. To reduce this, the horse must be thrown down with hobbles and secured; the legs are then to be placed so as to relax the muscles of the belly, and then the arm gently introduced into the anus, when, by cautious pressure, the gut may be brought back into the abdomen; however, this will not happen often, and if it do not on the first trial, recourse must be had to a clyster of tobacco smoke and cold application to the tumor; but time must not be wasted with such remedies, and the operation must be resorted to in the following manner an opening is to be made cautiously into the external integuments, so as not to wound the gut itself, which would be fatal. The

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