Coniciunt. Pars ingenti subiere feretro,

Triste ministerium, et subiectam more parentum

Aversi tenuere facem.

Point out three distinct funeral rites which the foregoing passage shows to have been practised among the Romans. Who was Misenus, whose funeral rites are here described, and how did he meet his death? What would be the prose expression for pinguem taedis? Give the principal parts of secto and interunt. Explain the derivation of either velamina or feretro. Explain the number of subiere. Explain the construction of ministerium. (Board.)

180.

Tum Stygio regi nocturnas incohat aras,
et solida imponit taurorum viscera flammis,
pingue super oleum infundens ardentibus extis.
Ecce autem, primi sub lumina solis et ortus
sub pedibus mugire solum, et iuga coepta moveri
silvarum, visaeque canes ululare per umbram,
adventante dea. "Procul o, procul este, profani."
conclamat vates, "totoque absistite luco;
tuque invade viam, vaginaque eripe ferrum;
nunc animis opus, Aenea, nunc pectore firmo."
Tantum effata, furens antro se immisit aperto;

255

260

ille ducem haud timidis vadentem passibus aequat. Who is meant by Stygio regi (252)? Who is meant by dea (258)? Why was her presence necessary? What events had been described in Book VI prior to this passage? Explain the case of regi (252), the mood of mugire (256), the case of luco (259), of animis (261), of antro (262), of passibus (263). Scan 254 (write the verse out in your book, mark the feet and account for the quantity of all final syllables). Who is meant by vates (259)? (Columbia.)

181. "Quisquis es, armatus qui nostra ad flumina tendis,
fare age, quid venias, iam istine, et comprime gressum.
Umbrarum hic locus est, somni noctisque soporae;
corpora viva nefas Stygia vectare carina.
Nec vero Alciden me sum laetatus euntem
accepisse lacu nec Thesea Pirithoumque,

390

dis quamquam geniti atque invicti viribus essent.
Tartareum ille manu custodem in vincla petivit
ipsius a solio regis traxitque trementem;
hi dominam Ditis thalamo deducere adorti."

395

(a) Who were Alciden (392), dominam Ditis (397), Ditis (397)? What was the Tartareum custodem (395)?

How does the pronuncia

(b) Explain the spelling of vincla (395). tion of ipsius in verse 396 differ from prose usage?

182. "Infelix Dido, verus mihi nuntius ergo

Venerat exstinctam, ferroque extrema secutam?
Funeris heu tibi causa fui? Per sidera iuro,
Per superos et si qua fides tellure sub ima est,
Invitus, regina, tuo de litore cessi.

(Board.)

460

Sed me iussa deum, quae nunc has ire per umbras,
Per loca senta situ cogunt noctemque profundam,
Imperiis egere suis; nec credere quivi

Hunc tantum tibi me discessu ferre dolorem.

465

Siste gradum, teque aspectu ne substrahe nostro. Quem fugis? extremum fato, quod te adloquor, hoc est." Who is speaking and where does the incident occur? Syntax of: extinctam (457), situ (462), extremum (466). Write out the metrical feet of the first three verses.

183.

(Amherst.)

"Deiphobe armipotens, genus alto a sanguine Teucri, Quis tam crudelis optavit sumere poenas?

500

Čui tantum de te licuit? Mihi fama suprema
Nocte tulit fessum vasta te caede Pelasgum
Procubuisse super confusae stragis acervum.
Tunc egomet tumulum Rhoeteo in litore inanem
Constitui et magna Manis ter voce vocavi.

505

510

Nomen et arma locum servant: te, amice, nequivi Conspicere et patria decedens ponere terra." Ad quae Priamides: "Nihil o tibi, amice, relictum, Omnia Deiphobo solvisti et funeris umbris." Where, between whom, and under what circumstances did the foregoing dialogue take place? What services rendered by the first speaker prompt the second speaker to say: Nihil tibi relictum? What service had been omitted, and why was the omission accounted so serious as to prompt a special apology? What custom is referred to in the words magna. vocavi? Explain the composition of armipotens; the derivation of Priamides. Does crudelis limit quis or poenas? What determines your answer? (Board.)

184.

'Hic locus est, partis ubi se via findit in ambas:
dextera quae Ditis magni sub moenia tendit,
hac iter Elysium nobis; at laeva malorum
exercet poenas et ad impia Tartara mittit.'
Deiphobus contra: 'Ne saevi, magna sacerdos:
discedam, explebo numerum reddarque tenebris.
I decus, i, nostrum: melioribus utere fatis.'

540

545

Explain the mythological allusion in Ditis (541). What is meant by Elysium (542)? State exactly the grammatical form of utere (546). Give the principal parts of findit (540). Give the prose equivalent of ne saevi (544). Tell in what case each of the following words is, and why this case is used: hac (542), tenebris (545).

185.

Continuo sontis ultrix accincta flagello
Tisiphone quatit insultans torvosque sinistra
intentans anguis vocat agmina saeva sororum.
Tum demum horrisono stridentes cardine sacrae
panduntur portae. Cernis, custodia qualis
vestibulo sedeat, facies quae limina servet?

(Princeton.)

570

575

Quinquaginta atris immanis hiatibus hydra

saevior intus habet sedem. Tum Tartarus ipse
bis patet in praeceps tantum tenditque sub umbras,
quantus ad aetherium caeli suspectus Olympum.
Hic genus antiquum Terrae, Titania pubes,
fulmine deiecti fundo volvuntur in imo.

Hic et Aloidas geminos immania vidi

corpora, qui manibus magnum rescindere caelum
adgressi superisque Iovem detrudere regnis.

580

Who is speaking here, and to whom? Who was Tisiphone (571)? Explain the references in sororum (572), Titania pubes (580), Aloidas (582). What is meant by portae (574)? Give in your own words the sense of Tum Tartarus ... Olympum (577–579). (Williams.)

186.

Vidi et crudelis dantem Salmonea poenas
Dum flammas Iovis et sonitus imitatur Olympi.
Quattuor hic invectus equis et lampada quassans
Per Graium populos mediaeque per Elidis urbem
Ibat ovans divumque sibi poscebat honorem,
Demens, qui nimbos et non imitabile fulmen
Aere et cornipedum pulsu simularet equorum.
At pater omnipotens densa inter nubila telum
Contorsit, non ille faces nec fumea taedis

585

590

Lumina, praecipitemque immani turbine adegit. Who tells the story of the punishment here described, and under what circumstances? Comment on Salmonea (585) and lampada (587) as to form. Explain the derivation of imitabile (590). Give the situation of Elis (589) and explain why the scene of Salmoneus' crime made Salmoneus seem especially presumptuous and defiant. Explain the composition of cornipedum (591); praecipitem (594). Explain the mood of simularet (591). Give the principal parts of invectus (587); contorsit (593). (Board.)

187.

Ne quaere doceri

615

quam poenam, aut quae forma viros fortunave mersit.
Saxum ingens volvunt alii, radiisque rotarum
districti pendent; sedet aeternumque sedebit
infelix Theseus; Phlegyasque miserrimus omnis
admonet et magna testatur voce per umbras:

620

"Discite iustitiam moniti et non temnere divos." Vendidit hic auro patriam dominumque potentem imposuit, fixit leges pretio atque refixit. Name the heroes referred to in alii (616). Why was Theseus imprisoned here? What form of the verb is pendent (617)? Under what form in a vocabulary should one look in order to find the meaning of districti (617)? Give the equivalent prose construction for ne quaere (614). Give the principal parts of vendidit (621). Tell in what case each of the following words is, and why this case is used: radiis (616); auro (621). (Princeton.)

188.

At pater Anchises penitus convalle virenti inclusas animas superumque ad lumen ituras

680

lustrabat studio recolens omnemque suorum
forte recensebat numerum carosque nepotes
fataque fortunasque virum moresque manusque.
Isque ubi tendentem adversum per gramina vidit
Aenean, alacris palmas utrasque tetendit,
effusaeque genis lacrimae, et vox excidit ore:
"Venisti tandem, tuaque exspectata parenti
vicit iter durum pietas? datur ora tueri,
nate, tua et notas audire et reddere voces?

Sic equidem ducebam animo rebarque futurum
tempora dinumerans, nec me mea cura fefellit."

685

690

Explain the situation at this point in Book 6. How did Aeneas reach the underworld? Explain the case of studio (681), of genis (686). Is the plural use of utrasque (685) the common one? If you think it is not, explain your answer. Explain the case of parenti (687). In what ways does Vergil work into the Aeneid historical matter (i. e., matter relating to the facts of Roman history)? What persons known to him during their lives does Aeneas meet in the underworld? What various senses may be the word pietas (cf. 688) have? (Columbia.)

189.

"Hic vir, hic est, tibi quem promitti saepius audis,
Augustus Caesar, divi genus, aurea condet
saecula qui rursus Latio regnata per arva
Saturno quondam; super et Garamantas et Indos
proferet imperium (iacet extra sidera tellus,
extra anni solisque vias, ubi caelifer Atlas
axem umero torquet stellis ardentibus aptum).
Huius in adventum iam nunc et Caspia regna
responsis horrent divom et Maeotia tellus,
et septemgemini turbant trepida ostia Nili.
Nec vero Alcides tantum telluris obivit,
fixerit aeripedem cervam licet, aut Erymanthi
pacarit nemora, et Lernam tremefecerit arcu,
nec, qui pampineis victor iuga flectit habenis,
Liber, agens celso Nysae de vertice tigris.
Et dubitamus adhuc virtutem extendere factis,
aut metus Ausonia prohibet consistere terra?"

795

800

805

(a) Under what circumstances were these words spoken? (b) Explain the reference in divi (792), Saturno (794), Atlas (796). What and where were Latio (793), Caspia regna (798), Ausonia

terra (807)? Explain the allusions in 802-803.

(d) In what respect is the order of the words aurea condet saecula qui rursus (792-793) poetical? Name and explain the figure of speech used in verse 799. Explain the form divom (799), pacarit (803). (e) Account for Vergil's attitude toward Augustus as indicated in this passage. What is the poet's conception of the mission of Rome? What revelation of the future was granted to Aeneas in the lower world?

(f) How is the thought expressed in verses 806-807 related to the verses that precede?

(g) Copy verses 796 and 797, and indicate the quantity of each syllable, the division into feet, and the principal caesuras. (Board.)

190.

Cui deinde subibit,

815

820

otia qui rumpet patriae residesque movebit Tullus in arma viros et iam desueta triumphis agmina. Quem iuxta sequitur iactantior Ancus nunc quoque iam nimium gaudens popularibus auris. Vis et Tarquinios reges animamque superbam ultoris Bruti fascesque videre receptos? Consulis imperium hic primus saevasque secures accipiet natosque pater nova bella moventis ad poenam pulchra pro libertate vocabit, infelix; utcumque ferent ea facta minores, vincet amor patriae laudumque inmensa cupido. Quin Decios Drusosque procul saevumque securi aspice Torquatum et referentem signa Camillum. Under what circumstances were these words spoken? To whom does cui (812) refer? Who are meant by the Tarquinios reges (817). How did they govern Rome? Who was the Brutus mentioned here? Explain the historical allusion in verses 820-823. Who was Camillus? Copy and scan verses 819, 825. Summarize this book. (Williams.)

191.

"Illae autem, paribus quas fulgere cernis in armis,
concordes animae nunc et dum nocte premuntur,
heu quantum inter se bellum, si lumina vitae
attigerint, quantas acies stragemque ciebunt,
aggeribus socer Alpinis atque arce Monoeci
descendens, gener adversis instructus Eois!
Ne, pueri, ne tanta animis adsuescite bella,
neu patriae validas in viscera vertite viris;
tuque prior, tu parce, genus qui ducis Olympo,
proice tela manu, sanguis meus!"

(a) Explain the reference in socer (830) and gener (831).

(b) Explain the figure in aggeribus Alpinis (830).

825

830

835

(c) Show how the description of the opposing forces in verses 830-831 was true.

(d) Give the principal parts of ciebunt (829).

(e) Rewrite ne adsuescite (832) in the form which is most common in prose.

Of what facts is Anchises thinking when he says genus qui ducis Olympo (verse 834)?

(g) Point out and name the noteworthy feature of sound illustrated in verse 833.

192.

Tum pater Anchises lacrimis ingressus obortis:
"O gnate, ingentem luctum ne quaere tuorum.
Ostendent terris hunc tantum fata, neque ultra
esse sinent. Nimium vobis Romana propago
visa potens, Superi, propria haec si dona fuissent.
Quantos ille virum magnam Mavortis ad urbem

(Board.)

870