To run out a warp. To carry the end of a rope out from a ship in a boat, and fasten it to some distant object, so that the ship may be removed by pulling on it. To sag to leeward. To make considerable lee way. Sailing-trim is expressed of a ship when in the best state for sailing. Scanting. The variation of the wind, by which it becomes unfavorable to a ship's making great progress, as it deviates from being large, and obliges the vessel to steer close-hauled, or nearly so. Scudding. The movement by which a ship is carried precipitately before the wind in a tempest. Scuttling. Cutting large noles through the bottom or sides of a ship, either to sink her or to unlade her expeditiously when stranded. Sea. A large wave is so called. Thus they say, a heavy sea. It implies likewise the agitation of the ocean, as, a great sea. It expresses the direction of the waves, as, a head sea. A long sea means a uniform and steady motion of long and extensive waves; a short sea, on the contrary, is when they run irregularly, broken, and interrupted. Sea-boat. A vessel that bears the sea firmly, without straining her masts, &c. Sea-clothes. Jackets, trousers, &c. Slack-water. The interval between the flux and reflux of the tide, when no motion is ceptible in the water. per Slatch is applied to the period of a transitory breeze. To slip the cable. To let it run quite out when there is not time to weigh the anchor. Slops. Look to Sea-clothes. To slue. To turn any cylindric piece of timber about its axis without removing it. Thus, to slue a mast or boom is to turn it in its cap of boom-iron. Sounding. Trying the depth of the water with a plummet, sunk from a ship to the bottom. To spell the mizen. To let go the sheet and peek it up. To spill. To discharge the wind out of the cavity or belly of a sail, when it is drawn up in the brails, in order to furl or reef it. Split. The state of a sail rent by the violence of the wind. Spoon-drift. A sort of showery sprinkling of the sea-water, swept from the surface of the waves in a tempest, and flying like a vapor before the wind. Spray. The sprinkling of a sea, driven occ sionally from the top of a wave; but not con tinual as spoon-drift. To spring a mast, yard, &c. To crack a mast yard, &c., by means of straining in blowing Sea-mark. A point or object on shore con- weather, so that it is rendered unsafe for use. spicuously seen at sea. Sea-room. A sufficient distance from the coast or any dangerous rocks, &c.: so that a ship may perform all nautical operations without danger of shipwreck. Sending. The act of pitching precipitately into the hollow between two waves. Setting. The act of observing the situation of any distant object by the compass. To set sail. To unfurl and expand the sails to the wind in order to give motion to the ship. To set up. To increase the tension of the shrouds, backstays, &c., by tackles, laniards, &c. To settle the land. To lower in appearance. It is synonymous with to lay the land. To shape a course. To direct or appoint the track of a ship in order to prosecute a voyage. Sheering. The act of deviating from the line of the course, either to the right or left. To sheer off. To remove to a greater distance. To sheet-home. To haul the sheets of a sail home to the block on the yard-arın. To shift the helm. To alter its position from starboard to port, or from port to starboard. To ship. To take any person, goods, or article, on board. It also implies to fix any thing in its proper place; as, to ship the oars, to fix them in their rowlocks. Shivering. The state of a sail when fluttering in the wind. Shoal. Shallow. To shoe the anchor. To cover the flukes with a piece of plank to give it firmer hold in soft ground. To shoot a-head. To advance forward. Shore. A general name for the sea-coast of any country. To shorten sail. Used in opposition to make sail. To spring a leak. When a leak first com mences, a ship is said to spring a leak. To spring the luff. A ship is said to spring her luff when she yields to the effort of the lien, by sailing nearer to the wind than before. Squall. A sudden violent blast of wind. Square. This term is applied to yards that are very long, as taunt is to high masts. To square the yards. To brace the yards, so a to hang at right angles with the keel. To stand on. To continue advancing. To stand in. To advance towards the shore To stand off. To recede from the shore. Starboard. The right hand side of the ship when looking forward. Starboard-tack. A ship is said to be on the starboard-tack, when sailing with the wind blowing upon her starboard-side. Starboard the helm! An order to push the helm to the starboard-side. To stay a ship. To arrange the sails and move the rudder, so as to bring the ship's head to the direction of the wind, in order to get her on the other tack. Steady! The order to the helmsman to keep the ship in the direction she is going at that instant. Steering. The art of directing the ship's way by the movement of the helm. Steerage-way. Such degree of progressive motion of a ship as will give effect to the mo tions of the helm. To stem the tide. When a ship is sailing against the tide at such a rate as enables her to overcome its power she is said to stem the tide. Sternfast. A rope confining a ship by her stern to any other ship or wharf. Sternmost. The farthest a-stern, opposed to headmost. To strike sounding. To touch ground, when endeavouring to find the depth of water. Surf. The swell of the sea that breaks upon shore or on any rock. To surge the capstan. To slacken the rope heaved round upon it. Swell. The fluctuating motion of the sea either during or after a storm. Sweeping. The act of dragging the bight or loose part of a rope along the surface of the ground, in a harbour or road, in order to drag up something lost. Swinging. The act of a ship's turning round her anchor at the change of wind or tide. To tack. To turn a ship about from one tack to another, by bring her head to the wind. Thus the ship A passes from the larboard to the starboard tack a. A Taking in. The act of furling the sails. Used in opposition to setting. Taken aback. See A-back. Taught. Improperly, though very generally, used for tight. Taunt. High or tall particularly applied to masts of extraordinary length. Tending. The turning or swinging of a ship round her anchor in a tide-way at the beginning of ebb and flood. Thwart. See A-thwart. Thwart ships. See A-thwart ships. Thus! An order to the helmsman to keep the ship in her present situation, when sailing with a scant wind. Tide-way. That part of a river in which the tide ebbs and flows strongly. Tier. One range of any thing placed horizontally. Topping. Pulling one of the ends of a yard higher than the other. To tow. To draw a ship in the water by a rope fixed to a boat or other ship which is rowing or sailing on. Trim. The state or disposition by which a ship is best calculated for the purposes of navigation. To trim the hold. To arrange the cargo regularly. To trim the sails. To dispose the sails in the best arrangement for the course which a ship is steering. To trip the anchor. To loosen the anchor from the ground, either by design or accident. Trough of the sea. The hollow between two waves. Trying. The situation in which a ship, in a tempest, lies to in the trough or hollow of the sea, particularly when the wind blows contrary to her course. Turning to windward. That operation in sailing whereby a ship endeavours to advance against the wind. Van. The foremost division of a fleet in one line. It is likewise applied to the foremost ship of a division. To veer. To change a ship's course, from one tack to the other, by turning her stern to windward; thus the ship A veers in passing from the course A to the course C. The wind is said to veer when it changes more aft. To veer and haul. To pull a rope tight, by alternately drawing it in and slackening it. To unballast. To discharge the ballast out of a ship. To unbend. To take the sails off from their yards and stays: to cast loose the anchor from the cable: to untie two ropes. To unbit. To remove the turns of a cable from off the bits. Under foot is expressed of an anchor that is directly under the ship. Under sail. When a ship is loosened from moorings, and is under the government of her sails and rudder. Under way. The same as under sail. Under the lee of the shore is to be close under the shore which lies to windward of the ship. To unmoor. To reduce a ship to the state of riding at single anchor, after she has been moored. To unreeve. To draw a rope from out of a block, thimble, &c. Water-borne. The state of a ship, when there is barely a sufficient depth of water to float her off from the ground. Water-logged. The state of a ship, become heavy and inactive on the sea, from the great quantity of water leaked into her. Water-tight. The state of a ship when not leaky. Weather. Synonymous with windward. Weather-beaten. Shattered by a storm. Weather-bit. A turn of the cable about the end of the windlass. Weather-gage. When a ship or fleet is t windward of another, she is said to have the ward of her anchor, she is said to be windroad. weather-gage of her. Wind's eye. The point from which the wind blows. Weather-quarter. That quarter of the ship which is on the windward side. Weather-side. The side upon which the wind blows. To weigh anchor. To heave up an anchor from the bottom. To wind a ship. To change her position, bringing her head where her stern was. Wind-road. When a ship is at anchor, and the wind, being against the tide, is so strong as to overcome its power and keep the ship to lee SEA MARKS. The erection of beacons, lighthouses, and sea-marks, is a branch of the royal prerogative. By 8 Eliz. 13, the corporation of the Trinity-house are empowered to set up any beacons or sea-marks wherever they shall think them necessary; and if the owner of the land or any other person shall destroy them, or take down any steeple, tree, or other known seamark, he shall forfeit £100 sterling, or, in case of inability to pay it, he shall be ipso facto outlawed. SPA MEW. See LARUS. SEA NYMPHS. See NEREIDS, NYMPHS, and OCEANIDES OF OCEANITIDES. SEA ONION, or squill. See SCILLA. SEAPOYS, or SEPOYS, natives of Hindostan, serving in a military capacity under the European powers, and disciplined after the European manner. The seapoys of the English East India company compose perhaps the most numerous, regular, and best disciplined body of black troops in the world. They are raised from among the natives of the country, and consist of Moors or Mahometans, Raja-poots, Hindoos, Parias, besides many intermediate casts peculiar to themselves; the whole modelled in all corresponding particulars, and disciplined in every respect as the army of Great Britain. The seapoys are formed into complete, uniform, and regular batallions, like our marching regiments, being intended to answer fully every purpose in India of the like troops in Europe. Their arms are a firelock and bayonet; their accoutrements, or cross belts, black leather, with pouches of the same. A battalion unite in their exterior traits both the Indian and European appearance. They are brought to the utmost exactness of discipline; go through their evolutions and maneuvres with a regularity and precision equal to, and rarely Surpassed by European troops. In action they are brave and steady, and have stood where Europeans have given way. Their discipline puts them on a footing with European troops, with whom they are always ready to act in conTheir utility and services are evident; they secure to the company the internal good order and preservation of their territorial districts, which, though possible to be enforced with a strong hand by Europeans, requires numbers, and can only be conducted with that ease and address peculiar to the native forces of the country. Dr. Robertson has remarked, as a proof that the ingenuity of man has recourse in cert. SEARCE, v. a. Fr. sasser. To sift finely. Put the finely scarced powder of alabaster into a flat-bottomed and well-heated brass vessel. Boyle. For the keeping of meal, bolt and searce it from the bran. Mortimer's Husbandry. SEARCH, v. a., v. n., & n. s. Fr. chercher; SEARCH ER, 1. S. Ital. circazeo; of Lat. circo. To examine; try; explore; enquire; probe surgically; taking out (intens.): as a verb neuter, to look; make enquiry; seek the noun substantives both correspond. : They returned from searching of the land. Numbers xiii. 25. Who went before you, to search you out a place to pitch your tents in? Deuteronomy i. 33. For the divisions of Reuben there were great searchings of heart. Judges v. 16. Help to search my house this one time; if I find not what I seek, let me for ever be your table sport. Shakspeare. With this good sword, That ran through Cæsar's bowels, search this bosoin. Id. SEARCHER, an officer in the customs, whose business it is to search and examine ships outward-bound, if they have any prohibited goods on board, &c.: 12 Car. I.. There are also searchers of leather, &c. SEARCHER, in ordnance, is an iron-socket with branches, from four to eight in number, a little bent outwards, with small points at their ends; to this socket is fixed a wooden handle, from eight to twelve feet long, of about an inch and a quarter diameter. After the gun has been fired this searcher is introduced into it, and turned round, in order to discover the cavities within. The distances of these cavities, if any be found, are then marked on the outside with chalk, when another searcher that has only one point, about which a mixture of wax and tallow is put, is introduced to take the impression of the holes; and if there be any hole a quarter of an inch deep, or of any considerable length, the gun is rejected as unserviceable. SEARCH WARRANT, in law, a kind of general warrant issued by justices of peace, or magis. trates of towns, for searching all suspected places for stolen goods. In some English law-books there are precedents requiring the constable to search all such suspected places as he and the party complaining shall think convenient; but such practice is condemned by lord Hale, Mr. Hawkins, and the best authorities both amongst the English and Scottish lawyers. However, in case of a complaint, and oath made of goods stolen, and that the party suspects that those goods are in a particular house, and shows the cause of such suspicion, the justice may grant a warrant to search not only that house but other suspected places; and to attach the goods, and the party in whose custody they are found, and bring them before him or some other justice, to give an account how he came by them, and to abide such order as to law shall appertain; which warrant should be directed to the constable or other public officer, who may enter a suspected house and make search. SEAR'CLOTH, n. s. Sax. ranclað, from rap pain, and clad a plaster; so that cerecloth, as written, from cera wax, seems to be wrong. A plaster; a large plaster. Bees' wax is the ground of all searcloth salves. Mortimer. The SEA SERPENT is a fabulous animal, said to inhabit the northern seas about Greenland and the coasts of Norway. The following marvellous account of this monster is given by Guthrie. In 1756 one of them was shot by a master of a ship; its head resembled that of a horse; the mouth was large and black, as were the eyes, a white mane hanging from its neck; it floated on the surface of the water, and held its head at least two feet out of the sea; between the head and neck were seven or eight folds, which were very thick; and the length of this snake was more than 100 yards; some say fathoms. They have a remarkable aversion to the smell of castor; for which reason, ship, boat, and bark masters provide themselves with quantities of that drug, to prevent being overset, the serpent's olfactory nerves being remarkably exquisite. The particularities related of this animal would. be incredible, were they not attested upon oath. Egede, a very reputable author, says that on the 6th day of July, 1734, a large and frightful seamonster raised itself so high out of the water that its head reached above the main-top-mast of the ship; that it had a long sharp snout, broad paws, and spouted water like a whale; that the body seemed to be covered with scales; the skin was uneven and wrinkled, and the lower part was formed like a snake. The body of this monster is said to be as thick as a hogshead; his skin is variegated like a tortoise shell; and his excrement, which floats upon the surface of the water, is corrosive.' SEA SHARK. See SQUALUS. SEA SICKNESS, a disorder incident to most persons on their first going to sea, occasioned by the agitation of the vessel. In voyages, sea-sickness, though it continues in general only for the first day or two, is extremely harrassing to some people at intervals, especially on any increased motion of the vessel. Sometimes, by long continuance, it causes fever, headach, quick pulse, thirst, white tongue, and a total deprivation of the retention of the stomach; evils which are always difficult to remove, and frequently terminate only with the voyage. This indisposition is considerably alleviated by a small tea-spoonful of ether, taken now and then in a glass of water, and applying some of it to the temples and nostrils. The ancient writers recommend acid fruits, bread and vegetables soaked in vinegar, after the stomach has been cleansed by vomiting; but not to attempt to suppress the vomiting until that end was obtained. An old remedy for sea-sickness, and a very common one among sailors, is a draught or two of sea-water; which, though a disgusting medicine at such a time, yet where the first passages are foul and loaded, generally produces the desired effect when the perturbation it occasions ceases. SEA'SON, n. s., v. a., & Fr. saison; Span. SEASONABLE, adj. [v.n. sazon; barb. Lat. SEA'SONABLENESS, n. s. sutio. One of the SEASONABLY, adv. four quarters of the SEA'SONER, n.s. year; any particular SEA'SONING. or fit time; any short time; relish; that which gives a relish: to give a relish to; qualify; imbue; taint; fit or mature for office or use to become fit: the derivatives corresponding. Every oblation of thy meat-offering shalt thou season with salt. Leviticus ii. 13. Mercy is seasonable in the time of affliction, as clouds of rain in the time of drought. Ecclus. v. 2. The fairest flowers o' the season Are our carnations and streaked gillyflowers. Shakspeare. You lack the season of all natures, sleep. Mercy is above this sceptered sway; Id. Merchant of Venice. No better a musician than the wren: Shakspeare. We charge you, that you have contrived to take From Rome all seasoned office, and to wind Yourself unto a power tyrannical. Id. Coriolanus. Breads we have of several grains, with divers kinds of leavenings and seasonings; so that some do extremely move appetites, and some do nourish so as divers do live of them alone. Bacon. The archers of his guard shot two arrows, every man together, against an inch board of well seasoned timber. Hayward. Some abound with words without any seasoning or taste of matter. Ben Jonson. Secure their religion, season their younger years with prudent and pious principles. Taylor. The season prime for sweetest scents and airs. Milton. All business should be done betimes; and there's as little trouble of doing it in season too, as out of L'Estrange For breakfast and supper, milk and milk-pottage are very fit for children; only let them not be soned with sugar. Loche. I would indulge the gladness of my heart! Phillips. Let us retire; her grief is out of season. Carpenters rough plane boards for flooring, that they may set them by to season. Moxon's Mechanical Exercises. This is that to which I would most earnestly, most seasonably, advise you all. Sprat's Sermons. Sin, taken into the soul, is like a liquor poured into a vessel; so much of it as it fills it also seams: the touch and tincture go together. South If ever it was seasonable to preach courage in the despised abused cause of Christ, it is now, when his truths are reformed into nothing, when the hands and hearts of his faithful ministers are weakened. South's Sermons. We saw, in six days' travelling, the several sons of the year in their beauty. Addison on Italy. A man should harden and season himself beyond the degree of cold wherein he lives. Addison A British freeholder would badly discharge bis part, if he did not acknowledge the excellency and seasonableness of those laws by which his country has been recovered out of its confusions. Political speculations are of so dry and austere a nature that they will not go down with the public without frequent seasonings. Id. Freeholder. The wise contriver, To keep the waters from corruption free, Mixt them with salt, and seasoned all the sea. Blackmore. There is no season to which such thoughts as these are more suitable. Atterbury. Many vegetable substances are used by mankind as seasonings, which abound with a highly exalted aromatic oil; as thyme and savory. Arbuthnot on Aliments. The season when to come, and when to go, Pope. To sing, or cease to sing, we never know. This sum came very seasonably, as I was thinking of indenting myself, for want of money, to procure Burns. my passage. SEASONS, in cosmography, certain portions or quarters of the year, distinguished by the signs |