Radford's Cyclopedia of Construction: Carpentry, Building and Architecture, Based on the Practical Experience of a Large Staff of Experts in Actual Construction Work, Volume 8William A. Radford, Alfred Sidney Johnson Radford architectural Company, 1909 - Architecture |
Common terms and phrases
12 inches 45 degrees 90 degrees apply the square baluster blade and tongue blade giving blade will give brace building carpenter circle circumference combination square common rafter Construction cuts and bevels degree line diagonal diagram distance divide dotted lines edge Engineering equal figures find the lengths five-eights foot run fractions frame gauge line give the miter give the seat give the side giving the cut heptagon hexagon hip or valley hopper illustration inch mark inches wide intersecting measure mechanic method nonagon obtained octagon hip one-foot run one-half parallel pentagon pitch lines pitch-board plumb cut polygons purlin radius regular polygonal represent the run right angles riser roof boards roof pitches rule seat and plumb seat cut shown in Fig side bevel side cut square as shown stairs steel square straight edge string tangent timber tongue gives tread triangle Try Square twelfths width
Popular passages
Page 151 - ... Laying Out Stair String. square, which, of course, every carpenter in this country is supposed to possess. By means of this invaluable tool, also, a stair string can be laid out, the square being applied to the string as shown in Fig. 13. In the instance here illustrated, the square shows 10 inches for the tread and 7 inches for the rise. To cut a pitch-board, after the tread and rise have been determined, proceed as follows: Take a piece of thin, clear material, and lay the square on the face...
Page 152 - J inch thick . Fig. 16 shows a sectional view of the pitch-board with a fence nailed on. In Fig. 17 the manner of applying the pitch-board is shown. RRR is the string, and the line A shows the jointed or straight edge of the string. The pitch-board P is shown in position, the line 8J represents the step or tread, and the line 7| shows the line of the riser. These two lines are of course at right angles, or, as the carpenter would say, they are square.
Page 154 - ... butt or end wood of the riser is seen. In this case, also, the end of the tread is cut square off, and flush with the string and riser. Both strings in this instance are open strings. Usually, in stairs of this kind, the ends of the treads are rounded off similarly to the front of the tread, and the ends project over the strings the same distance that the front edge projects over the riser. If a moulding or cove...
Page 168 - ... string should be mortised into the newel 2 inches, 3 inches, or 4 inches, as shown by the dotted lines; and the mortise in the newel should be cut near the center, so that the center of the baluster will be directly opposite the central line of the newel post. The proper way to manage this, is to mark the central line of the baluster on the tread, and then make this line correspond with the central line of the newel post. By careful attention to this point, much trouble will be avoided where...
Page 167 - ... stairs are placed. B shows a portion of a baseboard, the top edge of which has the same finish as the top edge of the string. B and A together show the junction of the string and base. FF show blocks glued in the angles of the steps to make them firm and solid. Fig. 28 shows the manner in which the wall string S is finished at the top of the stairs. It will be noticed that the moulding is worked round the ease-off at A to suit the width of the base at B. The string is cut to fit the floor and...
Page 162 - S, the outer or cut and mitered string. At AA the ends of the risers are shown, and it will be noticed that they are mitered against a vertical or riser line of the string, thus preventing the end of the riser from being seen. The other end of the riser is in the housing in the wall string. The outer end of the tread is also mitered at the nosing, and a piece of material made or worked like the nosing is mitered against or returned...
Page 166 - ... is being put in position. Fig. 27 shows the manner in which a wall string is finished at the foot of the stairs. S shows the string, with moulding wrought on the upper edge. This moulding may be a simple ogee, or may consist of a number of members; or it may be only a bead; or, again, the edge of the string maybe B a BB I7RS Uos Fig.
Page 47 - ... foot. The same occurs of the octagon hip when it has a rise of a fraction less than 23 inches, and that for the common hip at nearly 29^ inches rise to the foot. In the illustration I also give the reversed pitches. That is, by letting the blade represent the run and the tongue the rise. The length of the diagonal lines in that case becomes the length of the rafter for a one-foot rise to the inches in run taken on the blade. The reader will notice that several .of these pitches are transposed...
Page 305 - ... the rise would also be 12 feet, and the length of the rafter would be 17 feet (the diagonal of 12). Length, cuts, etc., could all be figured from the one illustration.
Page 164 - ... shown, and it will be noticed that they are mitered against a vertical or riser line of the string, thus preventing the end of the riser from being seen. The other end of the riser is in the housing in the wall string. The outer end of the tread is also mitered at the nosing, and a piece of material made or worked like the nosing is mitered against or returned at the end of the tread. The end of this returned piece is again returned on itself back to the string, as shown at N in Fig.