The American Naturalist, Volume 172

adaptive adult alleles American Naturalist analysis Animal antioxidant average benthic Biological Sciences Biology birds body mass breeding C-females calculated clutch colonies correlation Daphnia decrease density dependence diet dimorphism dispersal disruptive selection distribution diversity E-mail effect endophyte environment environmental Epichloë equation estimate evolution evolutionary Evolutionary Biology extinction factors fecundity Figure fish fitness flowering foraging foundresses frequency function genetic gill raker growth rate gynes habitat host hypothesis increase individuals insects interactions Journal levels life-history male mammals mating matrix mean measure metapopulation mortality mutations nest offspring oviposition parameters parasitic eggs parasitoid patch patterns phenotypic phylogenetic phylogeny plants population density population dynamics predation predictions prey probability produced range regression relationship relative reproductive Royal Society sample seeds senescence sex ratio sexual cannibalism sexual selection simulations spatial speciation species sperm competition statistical stickleback strategy survival testosterone traits transmission tropical ulation values variables variance variation