land, through Messrs. Black and Armstrong, or Whittaker and Co., by two German professors who have put Dr. Flügel's name to a German-English part of their own which he does not wish to have attributed to him. It does seem to us a great hardship for a man to be thus cut off from the recompense of long toil by the piracy of his works, and still harder that his good name should be hurt by his having imputed to him others that he would be ashamed to own. We know not who owns the copyright of the English edition, and therefore we cannot tell who is to blame. Dr. Flügel was told in answer to a remonstrance which he sent to England that the publishers had only followed the custom of the most respectable booksellers in this country, as well as those in France and Germany, which we take to be true; but in behaviour affecting the feelings of our fellow men it may be safer to do, not as others may do, but as we would that others should do to us.

A Grammar of the Icelandic or Old Norse Tongue; translated from the Swedish of Erasmus Rask. By George Webbe Dasent, M.A.-We need say little more of this work than that it seems to us to be a good translation of that of the wellknown grammarian Rask; and Mr. Dasent has done our mother tongue and Teutonic literature great service in publishing it; for, as he says in his preface, "it seems hopeless to expect that Engli shmen should ever get to understand their native tongue till they are taught it; till they study," through the older Teutonic dialects, "its structure and literature, just as they study the structure and literature of any other language of which they are wholly ignorant ;" and the tongue of "Ultima Thule" is so well worthy of our attention, from its purity and the history of its Sagas, that we hope some of our readers may be glad of Mr. Dasent's introduction to it.

Conversations on Language, for Children. By Mrs. Marcet.-This nice little work is written in the language of that best teacher of a child, an intelligent mother; and, though intended for children, may be read for edification by many of their elders, especially young ladies, who have not often the grammatical discipline of the dead languages; as it has some conversations on compounds from Latin and Greek roots, and, intwined with its philology, a great deal of ethnographcial history. There may be a passage or two to which we may make a slight objection, such as in page 28, where Sophy says to her mother, of the Romans, "I hope they

Hora Aramaicæ. By J. W. Etheridge. -This little work contains a good deal of matter which our clerical readers must be glad to possess in the handy shape in which Mr. Etheridge offers it, as it comprises concise but very edifying" notices of the Aramean dialects in general, and of the versions of Holy Scripture found in them; with a translation of the Gospel according to St. Matthew, and of the Epistle to the Hebrews, from the ancient Peschito Syriac." The Aramean or Aramaic (from Aram the son of Shem) is the northern branch of the Shemelic, the other two branches of it being the Canaanitish and the Arabic. The Aramaic was the language of the later Jews, and, as the author observes, we have still in it "the words in which our Redeemer taught his people the prayer which calls upon the Almighty God as our father in heaven;" and even now "it exists as a rude vernacular in the neighbourhood of Mosul and Diarbekkir." The Peschito version of the scripture contains the four gospels, with the acts, and some of the epistles, in the old Syriac called Peschito, or pure, from a Syrian word for what is simple' or uncorrupt;" and we have authority for taking it "as the exponent of a very early edition of the sacred text, if not of the very copies which were in use among the first converts of the apostles," and of the original gospel of St. Matthew. The Peschito Syriac scriptures are not divided into chapters and verses, but into pericopes or lessons for particular days, like the Anglo-Saxon Gospels, with the lessons of which very many of Mr. Uvedale's translation coincide.

66

Philological Proofs of the Original Unity and Recent Origin of the Human Race. By Arthur James Johnes, esq.-This is a desirable addition to our ethnography, "derived from a comparison of the languages of Asia, Europe, Africa, and America," by a mind of first-rate powers of research, comparison, and deduction; though, while we have no objection to the author's theory, and like his etymology in the main, we fo low him with a little hesitation at some parts in the African and American languages. We find his beautiful exposition of Adelung's opinion that Central Asia was, frlom its geographical position, the birthpace of the human race, to be very convincing; and are glad to find him rejecting that (to us) wicked opinion that the Negroes are a naturally and so immutably lower branch of the human family. In page 64 we are told that the Gaulish or Celtic continued (in France) until the eighth century, nearly until the time of Charlemagne. Then, as the Francs spoke a Teutonic dialect, what was the origin of French, which is a dialect of the Latin?

Elements of Natural History, for the use of Schools and Young Persons: comprising the Principles of Classification, interspersed with Amusing and Instructive Original Accounts of the most Remarkable Animals. By Mrs. R. Lee.-We feel that we cannot praise this most excellent work too highly; and think that for the place it is meant to fill no other can compete with it: for, though it may be partly a compilation, its authoress instructs her readers with all the bold discrimination of a perfect comparative anatomist; while she has made the most striking arrangement of her matter, and freshened the otherwise dry principles of science with such welldirected observations and touching remarks as cannot fail to hold the heart and make it better. Of the edible birds' nests of the Chinese Mrs. Lee says, "a very small species" of the bunting" in the Indian Archipelago forms its nest of a peculiar kind of sea-weed, which is gelatinous, and nearly white; and which it bruises and macerates before use. It is dressed like mushrooms, has an insipid taste, though peculiar; the clean nests are selected for eating, and those which are dirty are converted into glue." Captain Lyon found one of the snow bunting's nests made in the bosom of an Esquimaux child who was a corpse. The tempest birds (procellaria) bear the name of Petrels, or Little Peters, because they walk on the water by means of their wings. "The Stellio of the Levant is said to be killed by Mahometans because it mocks them by "1 an unlucky gait of "bowing its

A

bead as they do when they pray." Volition, in page 355, we suppose has been overlooked for volitation. To the authoress's anecdotes of the dog we cannot refrain from adding one of our own. neighbour had a Newfoundland dog which occupied at night a doghouse in a stable yard. The house was left one night with its door toward the west, and a rain that came on before morning being driven into it by a westerly wind, its occupant got out and pushed it round, as was shown by innumerable footmarks on the ground and side of the house, by standing on his hinder legs and pushing with his fore ones.

The Parents' School and College Guide; or, Liber Scholasticus: being an account of all the Scholarships and Exhibitions at the Universities, &c.-We are not surprised that this work has soon reached a second edition, for a more useful one cannot easily be named. Under a clear and lucid arrangement, Mr. Gilbert, the compiler, has comprised more important information on every point, than could be obtained by the most persevering personal inquiries. We are sure it will frequently prove a blessing to parents, as it will assist them by showing how they can most easily obtain a university education for their children. It often happens that it is indifferent at what school a youth is placed. This work will instruct the parent where, from the accidental circumstance of the child being born in some particular county, or other minute difference, it will be most beneficial to send him to school, with the certainty of a scholarship to the university, and, if accompanied by steady conduct whilst there, of perhaps a provision for life. The work gives also an account of such colleges, schools, city companies, corporations, &c. as have university advantages attached to them, with their ecclesiastical patronage, &c.

Anti-Duel; or, a Plan for the Abrogation of Duelling. By James Dunlop, Esq.-This pamphlet treats the subject fully, and very particularly, and contains, perhaps, all that can be said on the subject; but we think that without any fresh law, or even any additional enforcement of public opinion, private or public, duelling has yielded to more refined and civilised manners, and will soon be entirely extinct under their gentle but peaceful influence.

Observations on the Situation of the Country in 1820, &c. By A. B. C.This is the second edition of pamphlet published in 1820. The object of it is to propose a plan of gradual improvement of

our finances, morals, and religion. The abolition of half of the National Debt is to effect the first, and a fresh arrangement of ecclesiastical property the last; and the morals, lying between them, will feel the benefit of their improvement.

Temporal Prosperity ensured to Mankind by the Practice of Christianity, &c. By J. S. Metcalfe. The author proposes to form a society called "The Practical Christian Union," founded on the maxim "do unto others as you would be done unto."

The Inward Call; a Charge. By Edward Denison, Bishop of Salisbury.—An impressive, able, and earnest discourse, which is well calculated to produce a deep impression on the younger clergy and candidates for Holy Orders, for whom it is designed.

The Parliament of England, from 1st George I. to the present time. By Henry Stooks Smith, 12mo.-The first volume

of this very useful work (which is also published in counties) is now complete. It contains the members of every Parliament for the counties and boroughs of Bedfordshire to Nottingham inclusive, with their politics, and the numbers polled at contested elections within the period mentioned in the title.

A Charge delivered at the Ordinary Visitation. By R. S. Wilberforce.-A very impressive and excellent charge, urging on the clergymen and the churchwardens the duty of endeavouring to enforce and to restore the better observance among the people of public worship.

Domestic Music for the Wealthy, &c. By H. I. Banister, reprinted from the Musical World.-Very amusing letters these, and, to musical professors and amateurs, something better than amusing. They contain also a short account of the lives of the great musicians, as Haydn, Handel, &c.

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