in the quire of his abbey at Hilton, before the high altar, in case he should depart this life in the marches; but if in Devon or Somersetshire, then in the quire of the Fryers Preachers at Exeter, before the high altar there; and appointed that there should be about his corpse, five great tapers, and five morters of wax, burning on the day of his funeral, as also £40 sterling, then distributed to poor people, to pray for his soul. To Nicholas, his son, he gave £100 in money, and one dozen of silver vessels, with all the armour for his own body. To Fouke FitzWarine and Philip his uncle, all his other armour of plate and mail. To Margaret Hillary, his dau., £10 in money; and to the monks of Hilton Abbey, to pray for his soul, £10. This great soldier d. at Heleigh, 1 April, 1386, and was s. by his eldest son, NICHOLAS AUDLEY, Lord Audley, who was summoned to parliament from 17 December, 1387, to 12 September, 1390. His lordship m. Elizabeth, dau. of Adelice de Beaumont, by whom he had no issue; he d. in 1392, and his half-brothers having predeceased him, without issue, the male line of this branch of the family of ALDITHELEY OF AUDLEY EXPIRED, while the "Barony of Audley" devolved upon the grandson of his lordship's sister, Joane Touchet, his other sister, Margaret Hillary, having also died without issue, Arms-Gules, a fret, or. AUDLEY, OR DE ALDITHELEY-BARONS AUDLEY, AND SUBSEQUENTLY EARL OF GLOUCESTER. Barony, by Writ of Summons, dated 15 May, 1321. Lineage. HUGH DE ALDITHELEY OR AUDLEY, brother it is presumed of Nicholas, Lord Audley of Heleigh, was summoned to parliament as "Hugh de Audley, Seniori," on 15 May, 1321, 14th EDWARD II. His lordship had been engaged during the reign of EDWARD I. in the king's service, and was called "Senior," to distinguish him from his son. Being concerned in the insurrection of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, 15th EDWARD II., the baron was committed a close prisoner to Wallingford Castle, but making his peace with the king he obtained his release, and suffered nothing further. His lordship sat in the parliament of the 11th and 14th of EDWARD II. He m. Isolda, widow of Walter Balim, and left two sons, by the elder of whom he was succeeded, HUGH DE AUDLEY, who had been summoned to parliament in the life-time of his father as "Hugh de Audley, JUNIORI," from 20 November, 1317, to 15 May, 1321, and after that nobleman's decease as "HUGH DE AUDLIE" from 3 December, 1326, 20th EDWARD II, to 10th EDWARD III. His lordship m. Margaret, sister and co-heiress of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, and widow of Piers Gavestone, by whom he left an only dan. and heiress, Margaret, who m. Ralph, Lord Stafford, and carried the Barony of Audley into that family: it EXPIRED upon the attainder of Edward, Duke of Buckingham, with that nobleman's other honours, in 1521. Hugh, Lord Audley, was created Earl of Gloucester, 23 April, 1337, and under that title a further account of his lordship will be found. He d. in 1347. AUDLEY-BARON AUDLEY OF WALDEN. By Letters Patent, dated 29 November, 1538. The old genealogists were quite at a loss to ascertain anything about the family of Lord Chancellor Audley; it was reserved for the late Lord Braybrooke to discover that eminent lawyer's parentage and ancestry. "It seems extraordinary," says his lordship, "that neither Camden, who lived so much nearer those times, nor Dugdale could with all their industry satisfy themselves as to the birthplace or extraction of Thomas Audley; for they state only in general terms that he was of a good family; but that his arms differed entirely from those of the ancient lords of the same name, to whom, in fact he was no way related. All doubt upon the subject has, however, been removed, by the discovery of the following entry, copied from the Burgesses Oath Book at Colchester : "A.D. 1516, Thomas Audley, Gen, natus in Colne-Comitis, in Com. Essex, Burgeus.' "One of his ancestors, indeed, Ralph Audley, appears to have been seated at Earls' Colne as far back as the 28th of HENRY VI., and in the 35th of that king, became possessed of the Hay House, an ancient mansion previously in the tenure of the prior of Colne, in the same parish, demolished a few years ago; and in which, we may presume, the chancellor was born; Geoffrey Audley, his father, subsequently made a subsequent addition to his property at Earls' Colne." THOMAS AUDLEY, to whom these remarks refer, was an eminent lawyer in the reign of HENRY VIII., who, having attracted royal favour by his zeal in the spoliation of religious houses, as speaker of the parliament which originated that measure, attained within a short period the highest honours which royalty could bestow. In the 22nd of HENRY VIII. he was nominated attorney for the duchy of Lancaster, raised to the degree of serjeant-at-law, and appointed king's serjeant. In two years afterwards Mr. Serjeant Audley succeeded Sir Thomas More in the custody of the great seal, as lord keeper, when he received the honour of knighthood, and before the close of the year he was elevated to the dignity of lord chancellor of England. In addition to those lucra tive honours, Sir Thomas had a grant of the site and precinct, with all the lands and plate thereunto belonging, of the suppressed priory of Christchurch, "near Aldgate, in the city of London," where he erected a mansion-house for his residence. In the 30th of the same reign his lordship sat as high steward upon the trial of Henry Courtenay, Marquis of Exeter, for conspiring to raise Reginald Pole (the subsequently eminent Cardinal Pole) to the throne. And in that year he obtained a grant of the great Abbey of Wallen, in Essex, in compensation, as he alleged, "for having in this world sustained great damage and infamy for serving the king." Having acquired this last possession he was raised to the peerage by letters patent, dated 29 November, 1538, as BARON AUDLEY, OF WALDEN, and installed a knight of the most noble order of the Garter. His lordship m. Elizabeth, dau. of Thomas Grey, Marquess of Dorset, and had two daus., viz. Margaret, m. 1st, to Lord Henry Dudley, son of John, Duke of Northumberland, who fell at St. Quintin in 1557, dying s.p.; and 2ndly, to Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk, who was beheaded 2 July, 1572: by whom, by her second husband, she had issue THOMAS, Summoned to parliament as LORD Howard of WALDEN, and afterwards created EARL OF SUFFOLK, lord high treasurer, temp. JAMES I. and K. G. From this nobleman descend LORD HOWARD de WALDEN and the EARL OF SUFFOLK AND BERKSHIRE. Lord Audley d. 19 April, 1544, and the title became EXTINCT. According to a desire expressed in his will, he was buried in a chapel he had erected at Saffron Walden, where a splendid monument was raised to him with the following epitaph, which there is some reason to suppose that, in imitation of his immediate predecessor, he had himse.f composed: "The stroke of death's inevitable dart, His lordship appointed, by his last testament, that his executors should, upon the next new year's day after his decease, deliver a legacy of £100 to the king, "from whom he had received all his reputations and benefits." Of this nobleman Rapin says, "Chancellor Audley was a person of good sense. He served the reformers when he could without danger: but he was too much a courtier to insist upon what he judged reasonable, if the king was against it." Arms-Quarterly: per pale, indented, or and az.: In the second and third quarters an eagle displayed of the first, on a bend of the second a fret between two martlets of gold. NOTE. In the feast of Abbey Lands, King HENRY VIII. carved unto him (Thomas Audley), the first cut (and that, I assure you, was a dainty morsel), viz., the Priory of the Trinity in AldgateWard, London, dissolved 1531, which as a van courier fore-ran other abbeys by two years and foretold their dissolution. This I may call (afterwards called Duke's Place) the Covent-Garden Within London, as the greatest empty space within the walls, though since filled, not to say pestered with houses. He had afterwards a large partage in the Abbey Lands in several counties.-FULLER'S Worthies, I., 507 and 508. AUNGIER-BARON AUNGIER, OF LONGFORD, VISCOUNT LONGFORD, AND EARL OF LONGFORD. Barony, by Letters Patent, dated 29 June, 1621. Viscounty, by Letters Patent, dated 8 November, 1675. Earldom, by Letters Patent, dated 18 December, 1677. Lineage. SIR FRANCIS AUNGIER, Knt., descended from the Aungiers, of Cambridge, having adopted the legal profession, was appointed master of the rolls 5 October, 1609, and created BARON AUNGIER, of Longford, in the peerage of Ireland, 29 June, 1621. His lordship m. 1st, Douglas, youngest sister of Gerald, Earl of Kildare, and had by her, 1. GERALD, his heir. BACON-BARON VERULUM, VISCOUNT ST. ALBAN'S. Barony, by Letters Patent, dated 11 July, 1618 Viscounty, by Letters Patent, dated 27 January, 1621 Lineage. FRANCIS BACON, 2nd son of Sir Nicholas Bacon, lord keeper in the reign of ELIZABETH, by Anne, his 2nd wife, dau. of Sir Anthony Cook, of Gidea Hall, Essex, having been brought up to the bar, was appointed queen's counsel in 1558; and soon after the accession of King JAMES I., honoured with knighthood. In 1613 he was made attorney-general, and subsequently sworn of the privy council. In 1617, Sir Francis was constituted lord keeper of the great seal, and the next year he was entitled lord high chancellor of England. Within a few months afterwards he was elevated to the peerage, 11 July, 1618, in the dignity of BARON VERULAM, and created 27 January, 1621, VISCOUNT ST. ALBAN'S. His lordship was subse II. Ambrose, D.D., who m. Griseld, younger dau. of Lancelot quently convicted of corruption in the exercise of his judicial Bulkeley, archbishop of Dublin, and had issue, 1 FRANCIS, who s. as 3rd baron. 2 Gerald, governor of Fort St. George, East Indies, d.s.p. 3 Ambrose. 1 Douglas (dau.), m. in 1669, to Edmund Ludlow, Esq. 2 ALICE, m. to SIR JAMES CUFF, Knt., M.P., and had, with FRANCIS CUFF, grandfather of Elizabeth, Countess of GERALD CUFF, ancestor of LORD TYRAWLEY. (See that 1. Elizabeth, m. 1st, to Simon Caryll, Esq., of Tangley; 2ndly, to Richard Barne, Esq.; and 3rdly, to John Matchell, Esq. 11. Lettice, m. 1st, to E. Cherry, Esq.; 2ndly, to Sir William Danvers, Knt.; and 3rdly, to Sir Henry Holcroft, Knt. Lord Aungier m. 2ndly, Anne, dau of Sir George Barne, Knt., and had issue, He m. 3rdly, Margaret, dau. of Sir Thomas Cave, Knt., of Stanford, by whom (who m. 2ndly, Sir Thomas Wenman) he had no issue. His lordship d. 8 October, 1632, was buried at St. Patrick's, Dublin, 6 November following, and was 8. by his eldest son, GERALD AUNGIER, 2nd baron, who m. Jane, 2nd dau. of Sir Edward Onslow, of West Clandon, in Surrey, and was 8. at his decease, in 1655 (having no issue), by his nephew (refer to children of Dr. Ambrose Aungier). FRANCIS AUNGIER, 3rd baron. This nobleman was made a captain of a troop of horse in 1660. In 1668 he obtained a patent for the incorporation of the town of Longford, and was advanced to the dignity of VISCOUNT LONGFORD, with remainder to his brothers and their male heirs, by letters patent, dated 8 November, 1675. His lordship was created EARL OF LONGFORD, with the limitation, on 18 December, 1677. In 1682 he was appointed a commissioner of the revenue, and in 1697 keeper of the great seal, at which time he was a member of the privy council, governor of Carrickfergus, and master of the ordnance. His lordship m. Lady Anne Chichester, younger dau. and co-heir of Arthur, 1st Earl of Donegal, and widow of John, Earl of Gowran; but d. 8. p. 22 December, 1700, when his honours devolved, according to the patents, upon his only surviving brother, AMBROSE AUNGIER, as 2nd Earl of Longford, a commissioner of the revenue; at whose decease, without issue, 23 January, 1704, all the honours of the family became EXTINCT, while the estates devolved upon his lordship's sister, Mrs. Ludlow, and after her decease passed to his nephews, Francis Cuff and James Macartney, Esqrs., by an equal division, and to their heirs for ever. Francis Cuff had two sons; the elder, Francis, d. s. p. in 1717, and was 8. by his only brother, Michael Cuff, whose only dau. and heiress, Elizabeth Cuff, m. Thomas Pakenham, Esq. of Pakenham Hall, and was created COUNTESS OF LONGFORD. Her ladyship was & at her decease, in January, 1794, by her grandson, Thomas Pakenham, who had s. his father, in 1792, as Baron Longford, and was the late EARL OF LONGFORD. Arms.-Erm., a griffin, segreant, az. 18 functions, upon his own confession, and sentenced to pay a fine of £40,000, to be imprisoned during the king's pleasure, and to be ever afterwards incapacitated from holding office under the crown. Having, in pursuance of this judgment, suffered a brief incarceration, and the fine being eventually remitted, his lordship withdrew into retirement, and devoted the remainder of his life to the most splendid literary labours. He m. Alice, dau. and co-heir of Benedict Barnham, Esq., an alderman of London, but d. without issue, 9 April, 1626, when his honours became EXTINCT. The learned Bayle calls Lord St. Alban's one of the greatest geniuses of his age, Voltaire styles him the father of experimental philosophy, and Walpole terms him the prophet of arts, which Newton was sent afterwards to reveal. The latter author adds:-" It would be impertinent to the reader to enter into any account of this amazing genius or his works both will be universally admired as long as science exists. As long as ingratitude and adulation are despicable, so long shall we lament the depravity of this great man's heart Alas! that he, who could command immortal fame, should have stooped to the little ambition of power." Lord St. Alban's own brother, Anthony, d. unm.; his brothers (of the halfblood) were-1. SIR NICHOLAS BACON, the first baronet ever created, ancestor of the present SIR HENRY HICKMAN BACON, Bart.; 2. Sir Nathaniel Bacon, K.B., of Stiffkey, Norfolk, who left daus. only; and Edward Bacon, Esq., of Shrubland Hall, co. Suffolk, ancestor of the BACONS of Shrubland, Ipswich, and Earlham. Arms.-Gu, on a chief, ar, two mullets, sa, a crescent for difference. BADLESMERE-BARONS BADLESMERE. By Writ of Summons, dated 26 October, 1309. The first mention of this family occurs in the 16th year of the reign of HENRY II. (1169-70), when BARTHOLOMEW DE BADLESMERE had a law suit with William de Cheney concerning a landed property in the county of Kent, and in the 22nd of the same king, we find this Bartholomew amerced 20 marks for trespassing in the royal forests. To Bartholomew succeeded WILLIAM DE BADLESMERE, who, adhering to the cause of the barons, was taken prisoner with several others, in the castle of Rochester, towards the close of King JOHN's reign, and did not obtain his freedom until the 6th year of HENRY III. (1221-2). After this William, came GILES DE BADLESMERE, who lost his life in a skirmish with the Welsh, in the 32nd year of HENRY III., and after him GUNCELINE DE BADLESMERE, known first as a great rebel to HENRY III., for which he was excommunicated by the archbishop of Canterbury; but subsequently, returning to his allegiance, as justice of Chester, in that office he continued until the 9th of Edward I. (1280-1). In the next year he was in the expedition made into Wales, and in the 25th of the same monarch, in that into Gascony, having previously, by the writ of 26 January in that year, been summoned to the parliament at Salisbury for the following Sunday, the feast of St. Matthew 21 September, as Gunselm de Badlesmere. He d. four years afterwards, seised of the manor of Badlesmere, which he held in capite of the crown, as of the barony of Crevequer, by the service of one knight's fee. He m. the heiress of Ralph FitzBernard, Lord of Kingsdowne, and was s. by his son, then twenty-six years of age, BARTHOLOMEW De Badlesmere, who in the life-time of his father (22nd EDWARD I.) received command to attend the king at Portsmouth, upon the 1st day of September, with horse and arms, to embark with him for Gascony, and in the year that he succeeded to his paternal property was in the wars of Scotland. He was afterwards in the retinue of Robert de Clifford in the Welsh wars, and in the 1st year of EDWARD I. was appointed governor of the castle of Bristol. In two years afterwards he was summoned to parliament as Badlesmere, and had a grant from the king, through the especial influence of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester and Hertford, and Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, of the castle and manor of Chelham, in Kent, for his own and his wife's life, which castle had been possessed by Alexander de Balio in right of his wife Isabel, and ought to have escheated to the crown upon the decease of the said Alexander, by reason of the felony of John de Strabolgi, Earl of Athol (Isabel's son and heir), who was hanged, In the 5th of EDWARD II., Lord Badlesmere was constituted governor of the castle of Ledes, and obtained at the same time grants of divers extensive manors. In the next year but one, his lordship was deputed, with Otto de Grandison and others, ambassador to the court of Rome, and the next year, upon the death of Robert de Clifford, he obtained a grant of the custody of the castle of Skypton in Yorkshire, as of all other castles in that county and Westmorland, whereof the said Robert died possessed, to hold during the minority of Roger de Clifford, his son and heir. His lordship was further indebted to the crown for numerous charters for fairs and marts throughout his extensive manors; and he held the high office of steward of the household for a great number of years; but notwithstanding his thus basking in the sunshine of royal favour, his allegiance was not trustworthy, for joining the banner of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, and other discontented nobles of that period, he went into Kent without the king's permission; where, being well received, he put himself at the head of some soldiers from his castle at Ledes, and thence proceeded to Canterbury, with 19 knights, having linen jackets under their surcoats, all his esquires being in plate armour, and thus repaired to the shrine of St. Thomas, to the great amazement of the good citizens. While Lord Badlesmere remained at Canterbury, John de Crumwell and his wife sought his lordship's aid, and, pledging himself to afford it, he hasted to Oxford, where the barons of his party had been then assembled. In the meantime the king being apprised of the baron's proceedings, despatched the queen to Ledes, and upon admistion being denied to her, the castle was regularly invested by Adomere de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, and John de Britannia, Earl of Richmond, to whom it eventually surrendered, when Lord Badlesmere's wife, young son, and daughters, all falling into the hands of the besiegers, were sent prisoners to the Tower of London. The baron and his accomplices afterwards were pursued by Edmund, Earl of Kent, and John de Warren, Earl of Surrey, and being defeated and taken prisoners at the battle of Borough-bridge, his lordship was hanged, drawn, and quartered at Canterbury, and his head set upon a pole at Burgate. At the time of the baron's execution upwards of ninty lords, knights, and others concerned in the same insurrection, suffered a similar fate in various parts of the kingdom. Margaret, his lordship's widow (one c: the daus. and co-heiresses of Thomas, 3rd son of Thomas, 2nd son of Richard de Clare, Earl of Gloucester), continued prisoner in the Tower, until, through the influence of William Lord Roos, of Hamlake, and others, she ottained her freedom. Whereupon betaking herself to the nunnery of Minoresses, without Aldgate, in the suburbs of London, she had 28. a-day for her maintenance, to be paid by the sheriff of Essex; she subsequently, however, obtained a large proportion of the deceased lord's manors for her dowry. By this lady, Lord Badlesmere left issue, 1. GILES, his heir. His 1. Margery, m. to William, Lord de Ros, of Hamlake, and had ason, THOMAS, LORD DE Ros, from whoin descended the LORDS DE ROs, whose heir general, THOMAS MANNERS, Lord de Ros, was created EARL OF RUTLAND, 18 June, 1525. lordship's grandson, HENRY, 2nd Earl of Rutland, and 14th Lord de Ros, m. Margaret, dau. of Ralph Nevil, Earl of Westmorland, and had issue: 1. EDWARD, who 8. as 3rd Earl of Rutland, whose issue became EXTINCT. II. JOHN, who became 4th Earl of Rutland. His lordship m. Elizabeth, dau. of Francis Charlton, Esq., of Apley Castle, Salop, and had Roger, Francis, and Sir George, successively Earls of Rutland, and two daus., 1 LADY BRIDGET MANNERS, m. Robert Tyrwhitt, Esq., of Kettleby, Lincolnshire, and had a son and heir, WILLIAM TYRWHITT, of Kettleby, who . Katherine, dau of Anthony Browne, 2nd Viscount Montagu, and d. 1642, leaving ROBERT TYRWHITT, who . his father at Kettleby, d. s.p. in 1648, and was s. by his brother, FRANCIS TYRWHITT, b. about 1623, m. Elizabeth, dau. and heir of Robert Lloyd, M.D., and d. 1673. His only child and heiress, KATHERINE TYRWHITT, m. Sir HENRY HUNLOKE, Bart., of Wingerworth, near Chesterfield, co. Derby. 2 LADY FRANCES MANNERS, m. William, 3rd Lord Willoughby of Parham, and had, with other issue, ELIZABETH, m. to Richard Jones, Earl of Ranelagh, and had four dans., of whom LADY FRANCES JONES, m. Thomas, Earl Coningsby, and had, with other issue, LADY FRANCES CONINGSBY, who m. Sir Charles Hanbury-Williams, and had two daus. co-heirs, viz., 1 FRANCES HANBURY-WILLIAMS, m. 1754, William-Anne, Earl of Essex, and had issue, George, Earl of Essex, d. s. p. 1839, and Elizabeth, who m. John, 3rd Lord Monson, and their issue is EXTINCT. 2 CHARLOTTE HANBURY-WILLIAMS, m Admiral the Hon. Robert Boyle, who assumed the name of WALSINGHAM, and their dau. was CHARLOTTE, late BARONESS DE Ros, whose son, the present Lord de Ros, is one of the co-heirs of the Barons of Badlesmere. 1. Maud, m. 1st, to Robert, FitzPayn, and 2ndly, to John de Vere, Earl of Oxford. (See VERE, Earl of Oxford.) Of this 2nd dau. and co-heiress of Badlesmere, the co-heirs are, THE DUKE OF ATHOLE (descended from Katherine Neville, grand-dau. of Sir John Neville, Lord Latimer, and Dorothea Vere, his wife, sister and co-heir of John, 14th Earl of Oxford), WINCHCOMBE-HENRY-HOWARD HARTLEY, Esq., of Bucklebury, Berks; and SIR RAInald Knightley, Bart., of Fawsley, co. Northampton (descended from Dorothy Neville, Countess of Exeter, Katherine's sister), SIR ROBERT BURDETT, Bart., JOHN, LORD ROLLO, SIR CHARLESROBERT TEMPEST, Bart., CHARLES STANDISH, Esq, of Standish, co. LANCASTER, and JOHN WRIGHT, Esq., of Kelvedon, co. Essex (all descended from Lucy Neville, Lady Cornwallis, another of Katherine's sisters), GEORGE-WILLIAM VILLIERS and MONTAGU, EARL OF ABINGDON (descended from Elizabeth Neville, Lady Danvers, the youngest of Katherine's sisters), and ADRIEN, MARQUESS DE CONRONNELL, and SIR WILLIAM HENRY DILLON (descended from Elizabeth Vere, wife of Sir Anthony Wingfield, K.G., and sister of Dorothea, wife of John Neville, Lord Latimer). 11. Elizabeth, m. 1st to Edmund Mortimer, and 2ndly, to William Bohun, Earl of Northampton. (See BоHUN.) IV. Margaret, m. to Sir John Tiptoft, 2nd baron of that name: (See TIPTOFT.) HENRY-JAMES JONES, Esq., Ralph-Gordon Noel, LORD WENTWORTH, and EMMA-PHIPPS, wife of GEORGEPOULETT SCROPE, Esq., are the co-representatives of this coheiress. His lordship had been summoned to parliament from 26 October, 1309, to 5 August, 1320. His unhappy fate occurred in 1322,; but notwithstanding that, his son, GILES DE BADLESMERE, 2nd baron, found such favour from the king, that he had a special precept to the keeper of the wardrobe, in the Tower, to deliver unto him all his father's harneys, as well coat-armours as others. This nobleman doing homage in the 7th of EDWARD III., although not then at majority, had livery of his lands, and the next year attended the king in an expedition into Scotland, in which service he was engaged the three ensuing years. His lordship was summoned to parliament from 22 January, 1336, to 18 August, 1337. He m. Elizabeth, dau. of William de Montacute, Earl of Salisbury; but dying without issue, in 1338, the barony of Badlesmere fell into ABEYANCE✶ between his sisters and co-heiresses, and it so continues amongst their descendants and representatives. Arms -Arg, a fesse between two bars gemelles, guies. BALFOUR-BARON BALFOUR, OF GLENAWLEY. By Letters Patent, dated 8 November, 1619. SIR JAMES BALFOUR, Knt., 2nd son of Sir James Balfour of Pittendreich, in Fifeshire, by Margaret his wife, only child and heir of Michael Balfour, Esq., of Burleigh, having risen high in favour with JAMES I., was created by that monarch a peer of Ireland, as LORD BALFOUR, Baron of Glenawley, co. Fermanagh, 8 November, 1619. His lordship m. three times (his last wife, by whom he had no issue, having been Anne, eldest dau. of Edward, 1st Lord Blayney): he d. in London, 18 October, 1634, and was buried at St. Anne's, Blackfriars, 24 October in that to year. His lordship left issue (with a dau., Anna, m. The Barony of Badlesmere was assumed, without any legal right by the deceased lord's eldest sister, Maud, Countess of Oxford, and the earl her husband, and was retained in that family until the demise of John de Vere, 14th earl, without male issue, in the reign of HENRY VIII.. when it was certified, 5 April, 1626, to have fallen into ABEYANCE between that nobleman four sisters. Archibald Hamilton, Esq., of Ballygawley, eldest son of Malcolm, archbishop of Cashel), a son and successor, JAMES, 2nd Lord Balfour, of Glenawley, party to a deed, 3 August, 1635, who m. Anne Warren, widow, and d. 8. p. 26 February following, leaving by his will, dated the 15th of the same month, Anne, his wife, his executrix. With his lordship the title of Glenawley EXPIRED. The will of the 1st lord, dated 16 October, 1634, was proved 5 March following. In it he mentions his relative, Sir William Balfour, Knt., of Westminster, whose dau. Susan, m. Hugh Hamilton de Deserf, and whose son was ancestor of the Balfours, now TOWNLEY-BALFOURS, of Townley Hall, co. Louth. From the 1st lord's uncle, Michael Balfour, of Monquhany, commendator of Melrose, derive the BALFOURS of Orkney. (See BURKE'S Landed Gentry.) Arms.-Arg., a chev., sa., charged with an otter's head erased, of the first; in base, a saltier, couped, of the second. BALFOUR-LORD BALFOUR, OF BURLEIGH. By Letters Patent, dated 7 August, 1606. Lineage. The Barony of Balfour (or Bal-or, from the water of Or running near it), in Fife, gave the name of BALFOUR to a very ancient family, who were long heritable proprietors of that place. SIR JOHN BALFOUR, Knt., of Balgarvie, got a grant of the lands of Burleigh, which were erected into a free barony, from King JAMES IL, in the 9th year of his Majesty's reign, anno 1445-6. From him lineally descended MICHAEL BALFOUR, of Burleigh, who m. Christian, dau. of John Bethune, of Creich, and had an only child, his sole heir, MARGARET BALFOUR, who m. Sir James Balfour, Knt. of Pittendreich and Monquhany, in Fife; a gentleman who enacted an important part during the turbulent reigns of the unfortunate Mary and her son, JAMES V1., and was at one time president of the court of Session. He appears to have d. in 1583. By Margaret, his wife (who m. 2ndly, Sir Robert Melville), he had issue, 1. MICHAEL, of whom presently. u. James (Sir), created in 1619, by JAMES VI., Lord Balfour Baron of Glenawley, co. Fermanagh, d. 1634, and was buried at St. Anne's, Blackfriars, London, 24 October, that year. 1. Alexander, of Balgarvie, from whom several families of that name are descended. IV. Henry, general in the army of the States of Holland, served with reputation under the Prince of Orange. v. William, m. Hamilton, heiress of Glenawley, assumed her name, and one of their descendants was created Lord Glenawley. vi. David, captain in his brother, Sir Henry's, regiment, perished at sea going over to Holland. 1. A dau. m. Sir Michael Arnot, of Arnot. II. A dau. m. Sir John Henderson. III. A dau m. to Barclay, of Collairnie, all in Fife. The eldest son, SIR MICHAEL BALFOUR, of Burleigh, had a charter of the lands of Nethertoun of Auchinhuffis, in Banffshire, 28 October, 1577, and another of the barony of Burleigh, 29 November, 1606; in which latter year he was ambassador to the Duke of Tuscany and Lorraine, as appears from Sibbald's Fife, where it is stated that Sir Michael was honoured, by letters patent, bearing date at Roystoun, 7 August, 1606, with the title of LORD BALFOUR, of Burleigh. In Carmichael's Tracts it is mentioned that Sir Michael Balfour, Knt., of Balgarvie, is made and created "Barone Banaret and Lord of our Soveraine's parliament, to be stiled in all time coming Lord Balfour of Burlie, at Whitehall, 16 July, 1607," without any mention of heirs in his patent of creation. His lordship was subsequently sworn of the privy council. This nobleman m. 1st, Margaret Adamson; and 2ndly, Margaret, dau. of Lundie, of Lundie; by the latter lady he left at his decease, 1619, a dau., his sole heiress, MARGARET BALFOUR, who m. Robert, son of Robert Arnot, of Newton, chamberlain of Fife, which Robert assumed, on his marriage, the surname of Balfour, and enjoyed the title of Lord Balfour, of Burleigh, sitting in parliament as a baron. From Sir James's eldest brother, MICHAEL BALFOUR, of Monquhany, commendator of Melrose, descend the BALFOURS of Trenaby, Orkney. At the meeting of parliament in 1640, he was chosen president thereof for the session, and continued in the office to 1641. He was one of the commissioners for the treaty of peace with England, 1640 and 1641, and was one of the privy councillors constituted "ad vitam aut culpam " by the parliament of Scotland, 13 November, 1641. His lordship was much engaged in the subsequent public transactions, and was one of the peers who opposed "the engagement" to march into England for the rescue of the king. He d. at Burleigh, 10 August, 1663, having had, by Margaret his wife (who d. at Edinburgh, in June, 1639), one son and four daus., viz., 1. JOHN, of whom presently. I. Jean, m. in 1628, David, 2nd Earl of Wemyss, d. 10 November, 1649, leaving a dau., Jean, Countess of Angus and Sutherland. II. Margaret, m. to Sir James Crawford, of Kilbirnie, d. s. p. III. Isabel, m. to Thomas, 1st Lord Ruthven, and had issue. IV. A dau., m. to her cousin Arnot, of Ferny. The son and heir, JOHN BALFOUR, 3rd Lord Balfour, of Burleigh; who m. in 1649, Isabel, dau. of Sir William Balfour, of Pitcullo, lieutenant of the Tower of London, and d. before 1697, having had issue, 1. ROBERT, his heir. II. JOHN, of Fernie, attainted for his participation in the rising of 1715; he d. 1725, leaving three sons, of whom the eldest, ARTHUR, an officer in the army, had the estate of Fernie restored to him by King GEORGE II. He d. 1746, leaving three sons, 1. SANDFORD, d. s. p.; 2. John, of Fernie, who became, in 1757, heir male of the Lords of Burleigh, and d. s. p. 1795 and 3. PRANCIS, of Fernie, who d. 1818, and was 8. by his son, FRANCIS BALFOUB, cf Fernie, who was served heir male of the body of John, Lord Balfour, in 1824; he d. 1854, and was s. by his eldest son, FRANCIS-WALTER BALFOUR, who claims, as heir male, the title of LORD BALFOUR, OF BURLEIGH. III. Henry, of Dunbog, major of dragoons, father of Henry Balfour, of Dunbog. 1. Margaret, m. to Andrew, 3rd Lord Rollo, and had issue. II. Isabel, d. unm. III. Emilia, m. to Sir John Malcolm, of Innertiel, and had issue. IV. Jean, m. 1st, to Oliphant, of Gask, Perthshire, and 2ndly, to Sir Robert Douglas, of Kirkness. v. Susan, m. to Robert Douglas, of Strathendry, and had issue. VI. Anne, b. 11 March. 1671, m. to Captain Robert Sinclair, s. p. The eldest son, ROBERT BALFOUR, Lord Balfour, of Burleigh, m. Lady Margaret Melvill, only dau. of George, 1st Earl of Melvill; and dying in 1713, left issue, 1. ROBERT, of whom presently. 1. Margaret, d. unm. at Edinburgh, 12 March, 1769. 11. Mary, m. in 1714, brigadier-general Alexander Bruce, of Kennet, d. 7 November, 1758; leaving a son and heir, ROBERT BRUCE, Esq., of Kennet, grandfather of the late ROBERT BRUCE, Esq., of Kennet, co. Clackmannan, claimant of the Barony of Burleigh, as heir-general. ROBERT BALFOUR, Master of Burleigh, in the lifetime of his father, and when very young, falling in love with a girl of inferior rank, was sent abroad to travel, in the hope of removing the attachment. Before he set out, he declared that if she married in his absence, he would put her husband to death. Notwithstanding this threat, she did marry Henry Stenhouse, a schoolmaster at Inverkeithing. Balfour, on his return, being informed of the match, proceeded directly to the school, and inflicted a mortal wound upon the unfortunate schoolmaster, in the midst of his scholars, 9 April, 1707, of which Stenhouse d. in twelve days afterwards. The Master of Balfour was tried for this foul murder in the high court of justiciary, 4 August, 1709, and sentenced, 29 November, to be beheaded, 6 January, 1710, but he escaped from prison a few days preceding by exchanging clothes with his sister. He was present at a meeting at Lochmaben, 29 May, 1714, when the Pretender's health was publicly drank at the cross; and he engaged in the rebellion the following year, for which he was ATTAINTED by act of parliament. He d. without issue in 1757. Arms-Arg., on a chevron, sa., an otter's head, erased, of the first. BALIOL-BARONS BALIOL Lineage. In the reign of WILLIAM RUfus, GUY, GUIDO, or WIDO DE BALIOL had a grant from the crown of the RARONY of BIWELL, in Northumberland, and thus became ita feudal lord. He was 3. by his son (or, by some accounts, the Aon of BARNARD DE BALIOL), BARNARD DE BALI, a military commander of reputation, who participated in the vict ry achieved over the Scots, in 1138, at Northallerton, known in history as the "Battle of the Standard," but was afterwards taken prisoner, et Lincoln, with King STEPHEN. Upon the incursion of the Scots, in the 20th HENRY II, Barnard de Balio gain took up arms, and joining Robert de Stutevile, proceeded to the relief of Alnwick Castle, and having surprised the besiegers, seized the king of Scots with his own hand, and sent him prisoner to the castle of Richmond. In the course of this forced march to Alnwick, when, in consequence of a dense fog, a halt was recommended, Baliol exclaimed. "Let those stay that will, I am resolved to go forward, although none follow me, rather than dishonour myself by tarrying here." This feudal chief is supposed to have been the founder of the fortress upon the banks of the Tees, called "Barnard Castle." He was a munificent benefactor to the church, having, among other grants, bestowed lands upon the abbey of St. Mary, at York, and upon the monks at Riebault, for the health of his own soul, and that of his wife, Agnes de Pincheni. He was s. by his son, EUSTACE DE BALIOL, who gave £100 for license to marry the widow of Robert Fitzpiers. This feudal lord had issue, 1. HUGH, of whom presently. 11. Henry, m. Lora, one of the co-heiresses of Christian, wife of William de Mandeville, Earl of Essex, and heirs of Peter, lord of the barony of Valoines, and dying in the 30th of HENRY III. (1245-6), his widow, the Lady Lauretta (as termed in the record), had livery of all the lands in Essex, Hertford, and Norfolk, which he held of her inheritance. They had issue, 1 Alexander, living 56th HENRY III. (1271-2). in. Eustace, m. Hawise, dau. and heiress of Ralph de Boyville de Levyngton, a baron of Northumberland, and his wife, Ada, who had been the widow of William de Furnivall. In the 45th HENRY III. (1260-1), this Eustace was sheriff of Cumberland and governor of the castle of Carlisle. In nine years afterwards, assuming the cross, he attended Prince Edward to the Holy Land. Eustace de Baliol, sen., was s. by his son, HUGH DE BALIOL, who was certified to hold the barony of Biwell of the crown by the service of five knights' fees, and to find thirty soldiers for the guard of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, as his progenitors had done from the time of RUFUS. He held likewise the lordship of Hiche, in Essex, in capite, as an augmentation of his barony, by the gift of HENRY II. From King JOHN he obtained the lands of Richard de Unfranville, and of Robert de Meisnell, in the county of York, in consideration of his services in the baronial war. In the 18th of that monarch's reign, he was joined with Philip de Hulcotes in defence of the northern border towards Scotland; and when the King of Scots had subjugated the whole of Northumberland for LEWIS of France, those generals held out stoutly all the fortresses upon the line of the Tees, particularly that of Barnard Castle, where Eustace de Vesci (who had married the Scottish monarch's sister), coming with his royal brother-in-law to the siege, was slain. Hugh de Baliol, styled by Matthew Paris, "dives et potens," was s. by his son, JOHN DE BALIOL. This feudal lord m. Devorgilda, younger dau. and eventually sole heir, of Alan, Lord of Galloway, a great baron of Scotland, by Margaret his wife, sister of John le Scot, the last Earl of Chester, and one of the heirs of David, sometime Earl of Huntingdon, from which alliance arose the claim of the Baliols to the crown of Scotland. By this illustrious lady he acquired the Scottish barony of Galloway. In the 28th of HENRY III, when ways and means were required to discharge the debt incurred by the war in Gascony, John de Balio was one of the committee of twelve chosen to report to parliament upon the subject; and the next year he paid £30 for thirty knights' fees, which he held towards the levy in aid, for marrying the king's dau. He was afterwards sheriff of Cumberland for six successive years, and governor of the castle of Carlisle. Subsequently he had a military summons to attend the king at Chester, to oppose the Welsh, and was sheriff of the counties of Nottingham and Derby for three years; at which time he had the honour of Peverell committed to his custody. In the baronial contest he adhered faithfully to the king, and fell into the hands of the Earl of Leicester, with his royal master, at the battle of Lewes, in 1264; but he appears to have effected his escape, and to have joined the other loyal barons in raising fresh troops for the captive monarch's redemption. This John Baliol and his wife were the founders of the college that bears the name of Baliol, at Oxford. He d. in 1268, and was s. by his son (then twenty-eight years of age), HUGH DE BALIOL, who m. Anne, or Agnes, dau. of William de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, but dying in 1271, without issue, was s. by his brother, ALEXANDER DE BALIOL. The barony inherited by this feudal lord consisted of more than five-and-twenty extensive lordships. He d. s. p. 1279, leaving Eleanor de Genoure, his widow, and was s. by his brother, JOHN DE BALIOL, who m. Isabel, dau. of John de Warren, 7th Earl of Surrey. This feudal nobleman was one of the chief competitors for the crown of Scotland in the reign of EDWARD I., and was eventually declared king, by the decision of that monarch, to whose arbitration the claimants submitted their pretensions. To elucidate Baliol's right to the Caledonian sceptre it will be necessary to digress somewhat into the genealogy of the Scottish princes. DAVID, King of Scotland, had an only son PRINCE HENRY, of Scotland, who d. v. p., leaving three sons, viz., 1. MALCOLM, who ascended the throne as MALCOLM IV., and was 8. by his brother. II. WILLIAM the Lion, father of ALEXANDER II., father of MARGARET, who was acknowledged QUEEN OF SCOTS, III. DAVID, Earl of Huntingdon, in England, m. Maud, dau. of Hugh, and sister and co-heiress of Ranulph, Earl of Chester, by whom he left issue at his decease in 1219, Henry, d. s. p. David, d. s. p. John, surnamed Le Scot, s. to the earldom of Huntingdon, and became Earl of Chester, d. s. p. MARGARET, M. to ALAN, Lord of Galloway, and had two Isabella, m, to Robert Bruce, and had a son, ROBERT BRUCE, HENRY, Lord Hastings, father of JOHN, Lord Hastings, a By this table, the claim of Baliol seems indisputable, his mother, who was then alive, having abdicated her right in his favour, but Bruce contended that he was himself one step of kindred nearer to David, Earl of Huntingdon, than Baliol, being that nobleman's grandson; and he met the question of seniority, by alleging, that he had to contest that point in reality with Baliol's mother, and that being a male, he ought to be preferred to a female, according to the law and usage of nations, of which he adduced divers precedents. EDWARD decided, however, in favour of BALIOL, and the new king swore fealty to the English monarch, on 30 November, 1292, as his superior lord. In the oath he acknowledged the sovereignty of the king of England over Scotland, in very express and submissive terms; and he caused an authentic act of allegiance to be drawn up. Baliol's installation followed, and was performed at Scone, with the usual ceremonies, all the Scottish lords swearing fealty to him, save ROBERT BRUCE, who absented himself. Thus the English FEUDAL BARONY OF BALIOL merged in the royal dignity of Scotland. JOHN BALIOL, king of Scotland, d. in 1314, and his two sons, King EDWARD BALIOL, and Henry Baliol, dying s. p., the former in 1363, the latter in 1332, the right of representation of the Kings of Scotland became vested in his, John's, sisters, of whom there were four, Margaret, who d. s. p. ADA, wife of William de Lindsay, of Lamberton. MARY, wife of John Comyn, Lord of Badenoch. The dau. and heir of ADA BALIOL and WILLIAM LINDSAY was Christian Lindsay, wife of Ingelram Sire de Coucy. Her right to represent the royal House of Scotland (which carried along with it the representation of the Anglo-Saxon kings) descended through the House of St. Pol to that of the Royal Bourbons, and is now vested in His Royal Highness Henry, Duke of Bordeaux, Count de Chambord, and failing him, it will descend to his sister's son, Robert de Bourbon, Duke of Parma. CICELY BALIOL and JOHN DE BURGH had two daus, and coheirs, viz., 1 Hawys, who, by her husband. Thomas de Gresley, had a dau. Joan, wife of John, 2nd Lord de la Warre, and from her descended two brothers, viz., SIR OWEN WEST, whose only |