132. The Case of HUGH PINE, esq. upon an Accusation of Treason, for Words spoken in Contempt of the King: 4 CHARLES I. 1628. [Croke, Car. 117.] In Serjeants-Inn Hall, at a Meeting of the other of the judges being then in town, met at Serjeants-Inn, in Fleet-street, where they debated the case amongst themselves, in the presence of sir Robert Heath, the attorney-gene The King's Bench.-Sir Nicholas Hyde, knt. Chief Justice; sir John Doderidge, knt.; sir Wm. Jones, knt.; sir James Whitlock, knt.ral; and divers precedents were then produced, Justices. The Common Pleas.-Sir Tho. Richardson, knt. Chief Justice; sir Richard Hutton, knt.; sir Francis Harvey, knt.; sir George Croke, knt.; sir Henry Yelverton, knt. Justices. The Exchequer.--Sir Jn. Walter, knt. Chief Baron; sir Edward Bromley, kut.; sir John Denham, knt.; sir George Vernon, knt.; sir Thomas Trevor, kot. Barons. viz. The Case of Juliana Quick, (Kanc.). Anno vicesimo primo Henrici Sexti. Juliana filia Willielmi Quick, et alii falsi proditores incogniti in occulto machinantes mortem regis, &c. prædicta Juliana ex assensu Willielmi, et aliorum proditorum ignotorum, eidem domino regi, ut fuit equitans in via adhesit, et dixit eidem domino regi: Harry of Windsor, WILLIAM Collier, attending Mr. Pine at his ride soberly, thy horse may stumble and break thy neck.' And when the noble John Beauhouse in the country, was demanded of him, champ then said to her, To whom speakest Whether he had seen the king at Hinton, or no? thou?" she answered, To that proud boy in Collier answered, That he had seen the king red, riding on horseback,' pointing with her there. Mr. Pine replied, "Then hast thou hand to the said king. And further calling out seen as unwise a king as ever was, and so go-to the said king, said, It becometh thee betverned as never king was; for he is carried as a ter to ride to thy uncle, than that thy uncle man would carry a child with an apple; there'should ride to thee; thou wilt kill him, as thou fore I and divers more did refuse to do our hast killed thy mother: send to thy uncle's duties to him.” 'wife, whom thou keepest from him. Thou 'art a fool, a known fool throughout the whole dure because she would not plead.* kingdom of England.' She had pain fort et Thomas Kerver's Case, (Berkshire). In the twenty-first year of Hen. 6. After which words spoken, William Collier, meeting with Richard Collier his brother, asked him, "Whether the king were not a wise king?" who answered, "Yes, he was a wise and temperate king." After which, at another time, Monsieur Sebiza being at Mr. Pawlett's house, at Hinton, Mr. Pine asked Collier; whether the king was there, or no? who answered, that he heard he was. Mr. Pine replied, That he could have had him at his house, if he would, as well as Mr. Pawlett. At another time one George Morley, a locksmith, being at Mr. Pine's house, he asked him, "What news?" whereunto he answered, That he heard the king was at Mr. Pawlett's at Hin ton. Then Mr. Pine said, "That is nothing; for I might have had him at my house, as well as Mr. Pawlett, for he is to be carried any whither." And then Mr. Pine said aloud," Before God, he is no more fit to be king than Hickwright." This Hickwright was an old simple fellow who was then Mr. Pine's shepherd. These words being thus proved by William Collier and George Morley, all the judges were commanded to assemble themselves, to consider and resolve what offence the speaking of those words were. Whereupon sir Nicholas Hyde, chief justice of the king's bench; sir Thomas Richardson, chief justice of the common pleas; sir John Walter, chief baron of the exchequer; sir William Jones, one of the justices of the king's bench; sir Henry Yelverton, one of the justices of the common pleas; sir Thomas Trevor and George Vernon, barons of the exchequer, none 6 Thomas Kerver indictatur, pro eo quod ipse proditorie dixit verba sequentia, Woe to the kingdom where a child is king.' Et iterum dixit, It had been better for the kingdom of England by an hundred thousand pounds, if the said king had been dead twenty years be'fore.' Et iterum, It had been better for the 'said kingdom by an hundred thousand pounds, if the said king never had been born.' And, That the Dauphin of France was in Aquitain and Gascoyn, with a great power, and valiantly fighting, possessing himself of the land of the king of England in Aquitain and Gascoyn. And if the said king were but of as 'much humanity as the Dauphin, who is of his age, the said king might quietly and peaceably hold and enjoy his said lands.' To this he pleaded Not Guilty, and was committed to the constable of the Tower of London; and afterward recommitted to Wallingford castle.— Ideo nil ultra apparet. John Clipsham's Case, (Sussex). In the twenty- A prisoner standing mute in high-treason is ipso facto attainted: 2 Hale, 286, 4 Bl. Com. 348. And in felony and piracy such obstinacy amounts to a conviction, by 12 Geo. 3, c. 20. See 2 Hawk. P. C. ch. 30, 8vo. edit. ipsi et alii dixerunt, quod dominus rex non fuit de potestate, nec scientia, ad regnum Angliæ gubernandum, et quod noluerunt ulterius obedire regi, nec gubernationi suæ, infra idem regnum; minantesque inter se veros populos domini regis de comitatu Kanciæ, pro eo quod ipsi noluerunt resistere ipsum regem de justitia sua infra eundem comitatum, ac similiter insurrexerunt, &c. 'non licet episcopis dicti regni ullam potesta tem, nec aliquam congregationem populi erga ipsos ad perturbandum de bonis propositis suis perimplendis, assemblare, nec retinere. Quodque presbyteri totius Angliæ nulla bona nec catalla, præter cathedram et candelabrum, ad inspiciendum super libros suos haberent et possiderent. Ac quod Johannes Mortimer, alias Cade, est vivens; et quod The Mirfields' Case, (Sussex). In the twenty-nibus propositis suis perimplend. credentes, ' ipse esset eorum capitalis capitaneus in om ninth year of Hen. 6. Johannes Mirfield et Willielmus Mirfield indictantur, pro eo quod dixerunt,' That the king was a natural fool, and would often'times hold a staff in his hand, with a bird over 'the end, playing therewith as a fool; and that another king must be ordained to rule the land; saying, That the king was not a person able to rule the land.' Et ulterius dixerunt, < That the charter that the king made at the 'first insurrection was false; and that he and 'his fellowship would arise again; and when they were up, they would not leave any gentleman alive but such as they list, &c.'-Per indictam. session. Sussex. et dicentes, quod ipsi essent infra tres dies quinque millia hominum armatorum ; et similiter guerram erga regem levarent.'-Habuerunt chartam allocationis eodem termino. Oliver Germaine's Case, (Wiltshire). In the second year of Edw. 4. Oliverus Germaine, taylor, et alii falsi proditores, machinantes et proponentes quomodo regem Edvardum, &c. destruere potuerunt; et Henricum sextum, nuper de facto, et non de jure, regem Angliæ, inimicum regis Angliæ, authoritate parliamenti reputat. et approbat. infra regnum Angliæ, extra regnum Scotia reducere, et regein Edvarduin deponere, &c. Bretenham's Case, (Norfolk). In the thirty-centes inter se, in prophesiis, ut falsi heretici, mortem regis compasser, &c. credentes et di first year of Hen. 6. Willielmus Bretenham generosus indictatur, pro proditoriis verbis, viz. quod Richardus dux Eborum extra terram Hiberniæ infra quindecem dies tunc proxime sequentes veniret et coronam dicti domini regis de eodem rege auferret, et illud super caput ejusdem ducis infra brevi poni facerit.'-Notatur in margine indictamenta sic, trespas enormia, contempt. et alia offence. Tamen in indictamento est proditorie loquebatur, &c.' William Ashton's Case, (Suffolk). In the thirty-first year of Hen. 6. Willielmus Ashton miles indictatur, pro eo quod ipse et alii proditorie diversas billas et scripturas in rythinis et balladis factas et fabricatas, super ostia et fenestras diversorum hominum posuerunt, recitantes in eisdem, quod dominus rex, per consilium ducis Suffolciæ, episcopi Sarum, episcopi Cicestriæ domini de Say, et aliorum de concilio domini regis existent. vendidit regna Angliæ et Franciæ; et quod rex Francia, avunculus regis, regnaret super dictum regen, dicentes et scribentes hæc omnia et singula. Et similiter miserunt literas hominibus de Kanc. ad insurgendum erga regem, ad adjuvandum ducem Eborum, &c. ad guerram levandum. Per indictamentum Suff. anno 31 H. 6. quod dominus Henricus, nuper rex, infra breve esset eorum rex in regno Angliæ sicut prius, et coronam suam in eodem regno haberet et retineret, dicentes hæc omnia ea intentione, quod traherent.-Judgment, to be hanged, drawn, veri populi domini regis cordialem aniorem exand quartered. Anno William Belmyn's Case, (Norfolk). decimo septimo Edvardi quarti. Juratores præsentant, quod Thomas Burdet, nuper de Arrow, in comitatu Warwici, armiger, Deum præ oculis non habens, et debitum legianciæ suæ minime ponderans, ex malitia præcogitata, diabolica instigatione seductus, vicesimo die Aprilis, anno regni regis Edvardi quarti, post conquestum decimo quarto, et per diversas vices postea, apud villam Westmonasterii, in comitatu Middlesexiæ, falso et proditorie, contra legianciæ suæ debitum, mortem et destructionem ipsius regis imaginavit compassus fuit et circuivit, ac ipsum regem falso " . Richardi comitis Warwici et Sarum, à diuturno Johannes Alkerter, yeoman, nuper serviens tempore proponens statum regis pejorare et de regimine, &c. quantam in se fuit proditorie; per diversa verba nefanda, et alia dicta sua venenosa, de diversis murmurationibus seditionibus proditorum excitationibus factis et fabritionem quod populi ejusdem regis cordialem catis, à gubernatione privare, &c. ad intenamorem retraherent, per discordiam inter regem Willielmo Pend, Willielmo Fowle, et Sampsoni et populum suum movendum, proditorie dixit Halk, sub hac forma, viz. quod Willielmus Pend et Johannes Alkerter olim servientes dicti Richardi comitis Warwici fuerunt, et nunc quod idem comes diem suum clausit extremum; et hoc non obstante infra breve haberent comitem Oxoniæ (qui superstes est) infra hujus patriæ gubernet; affirmandoque ulterius hoc regnum Angliæ, qui in futuro parcellam verba sua cuidam Galfrido Peke, quod Edfuit, &c.; dicendo, quod idem Edvardus per vardus quem vos vocatis regem Angliæ falso et proditorie adtunc et ibidem interficere pro- | falsum nefandum propositum suum finaliter posuit, et ad illud falsam nefandum propositum perimplendum, prædictus Thomas Burdet disuum perimplendum, falso et proditorie labo- versas billas et scripturas in rythmis et balladis ravit et procuravit quosdam Johannem Stacy, de murmurationibus seditionibus et proditoriis nuper de Oxonia, in comitatu Oxon, genero- excitationibus, factas et fabricatas apud Holsuin, et Thomam Blake, nuper de Oxon, in born, et villam Westmonasterii prædict. falso comitatu Oxon, clericum, apud villam West- et proditorie dispersit, projecit, et seminavit monasterii prædictam duodecimo die Novem- dicto sexto de Martii, ac quinto et sexto diebus bris tunc proxime sequent. ad calculandum et Maii, dicto anno decimo septimo, ad intenlaborandum de et circa nativitatem dicti do- tionem quod populi domini regis cordialem mini regis et Edvardi filii sui primogeniti, prin- amorem ab ipso rege retraherent ac ipsum recipis Walliæ, et de morte eorundem domini re- linquerent, ac erga ipsum regem insurgerent, gis ac principis ad sciendum quando iidem rex et guerram erga ipsum regem levarent, in finaet Edvardus filius ejus morientur. Dictique lem destructionem ipsorum regis ac domini Johannes Stacy et Thomas Blake, scientes illud principis, et contra ligeanciam suum, necnon falsum et nefandum propositum prædicti Tho- contra coronam et dignitatem ipsius regis.— me Burdet, ipsi Johannes Stacy et Thomas Judgment, to be hanged, drawn, and quartered. Blake, dicto duodecimo die Novembris, apud The Case of John Alkerter, (Kanc.). Anno devillam Westmonasterii prædictam, falso et procimo octavo Edvardi quarti. ditorie mortem ipsorum regis et principis imaginaverunt et compassi fuerunt, ac ipsos regem ac principem adtunc et ibidem interficere proposuerunt. Et postea, sexto die Februarii, dicto anno decimo quarto, apud villam Westmonasterii prædictam, prædicti Johannes Stacy ac Thomas Blake eorum falsum et proditorium propositum perimplendum, falso et proditorie laboraverunt et calculaverunt per artem magicam, nigromanciam, et astronomiam, in mortem et finalem destructionem ipsorum regis ac principis. Et postea, scilicet, vicesimo die Maii, anno regni dicti regis decimo quinto, apud villam Westmonasterii prædictam, prædicti Johannes Stacy et Thomas Blake, falso et proditorie artibus prædictis laboraverunt; licet juxta determinationem sacram sanctæ ecclesiæ ac doctrinam diversorum doctorum, cuilibet ligeo domini regis, de intromittendo de regibus et principibus, in formâ prædictâ, absque eorum voluntate, et præceptis inhibitum fuit. Et postea, iidem Johannes Stacy et Thomas Blake, ac prædictus Thomas Burdet, apud prædictam villam Westmonasterii, vicesimo sexto die Maii, eodem anno decimo quinto, cuidam Alexandro Russeton, et aliis de populo domini regis, falso et proditorie manifestave-nuper ducem Clarenciæ, ad mortem simili morunt et dixerunt, quod per calculationem et artes prædictas, per ipsos Johannem Stacy et Thomam Blake, in formâ prædictâ factas, 'iidem rex et princeps non diu viverent, sed infra breve obierent;' ad intentionem quod per detectionem et hujusmodi materiæ manifestationem, populi ipsius regis magis ab ipso rege cordialem amorem retraherent; et idem dominus rex per notitiam illarum detectionis et manifestationis, tristitiam inde caperet et abbreviationem vitæ suæ. Ac quod prædictus Thomas Burdet, mortem et destructionem ipsius regis supremi dicti domini sui et prædicti domini principis, ac subversionem legum suarum per guerram et discordiam inter ipsum regem et ligeos suos in regno prædicto movendum, sexto die Martii, anno regni dicti regis decimo septimo, apud Holborn, in comitatu Middlesexiæ, falso et proditorie imaginavit, compassus fuit, et circuivit, ac ipsos regem ac principem interficere proposait. Et ad illud wici interfecit et murdravit, ac fratrem suum, subtilein artem suam eundem comitem War do traxit, non habens causas nec aliquam veritatem; et dicendo, quod quicunque inheritasexti (nunc de facto, et non de jure, regis Anbilis sit directe post mortem naturalem Henrici glia), ad coronam Angliæ ille tantummodo sineret et suus homo esset. Et multa alia hujusmodi verba proditorie dixit.-Utlagatus fuit, prout patet per rotul, session. Kanc. anno 18 Ed. 4. Thomas Hever's Case, (Kancia). Anno decimo octavo Edvardi quarti. Thomas Hever indictatur, pro eo quod proditorie dixit, quod ultimum parliamentum domini regis, apud Westmonasterium tentum, magis simplex et insufficiens fuit quam unquam antea.' Et ulterius, Quod dominus rex proposuit moram suam infra comitatum Kancia trahere et amorem ligeorum suorum ibidem habere, quia amorem cordialem infra ' eandem civitatem non habuit, nec in futuro ́habebit: et quod si episcopus Bathoniensis 'morietur, quod tunc immediate Thomas archiepiscopus Cantuariensis et cardinalis Angliæ caput suum amitteret.' Et multa diversimoda verba proditoria de rege quam alia verba malitiosa de dominis suis, tam spiritualibus quam temporalibus.-Utlagatus, prout patet per rotul, sessionis. Collingbourn's Case, (London). Hilar, an. secun. Richardi tertii. Willielmus Collingbourn, nuper de Lydyard, in comitatu Wilts, armiger, et alii falsi proditores, mortem regis et subjectionem regni proditorie imaginaverunt et compassi fuerunt: et ad illud perimplendum, excitaverunt, &c. quendam Tho. Yate ei offerendo octo libras ad partes transmarinas exire, ad loquendum ibidem cum Henrico nuncupante se comit. Richmundiæ, et aliis, &c. proditorie attinct. per parliamentum, &c. ad dicendum, quod ipsi cum omni potestate, &c. revenirent in Angliam citra festum Sancti Lucæ evangelista, et totum integrum redditum totius regni Angliæ, de termino Sancti Michaelis, &c. in eorum relevamea haberent. Et ulterius, ad demonstrandum eis, quod per concilium ipsius Willielmi Collingbourn, si dictus comes Richmundiæ, et alii, &c. ad terram Angliæ, apud Poole, in comitatu Dorcestriæ, arrivare voluerunt, ipse Willielmus Collingbourn et alii proditores, eis associando commotionem populi ipsius regis, insurrectionem et guerram erga ipsum regem interim levare causarent; et partem ipsorum falsorom proditorum contra regem in omnibus acciperent; et omnia infra regnum Angliæ ad eorum dispositionem essent. Et ulterius, ad dicendum et demonstrandum dictis proditoribus, &c. ad destinandum Johannem Cheyney usque ad regem Franciæ, ad demonstrandum sibi, quòd ambassiatores sui in Angliam à dicto rege Francia venientes defraudari debeant; et quòd rex Angliæ nullum promissum eis custodiret sed solummodo ad deponendum seu ad respectuandum guerram inter dominum regem tempore hyemali, eò quod in principio temporis æstivalis Anglica potestas in omnibus preparari possit ad bellum dicto domino regi Franciæ præbendum, et eundem regem et terram suam adtunc finaliter destruendo. Et ulteriùs ad advisandum ipsum regem Franciæ ad auxilium dictorum proditorum pecuniis, &c. ut ipse iter regis Angliæ usque terram Franciæ impedire proponet. Et sic prædictus Willielmus Collingbourn et alii fuerunt proditoriè adhærentes, &c. Et quòd prædictus Willielmus Collingbourn, et alii falsi proditores, Deum præ oculis, &c. à diuturno tempore intendens per covinam assensum et voluntatem diversorum aliorum proditorum eisdem proditoribus adhærentium, &c. associaverunt, et mortem regis per guerram, commotionem, et discordiam inter regem et ligeos suos infra regnum Angliæ levandum, compassi fuerunt, &c. Et ad illud perimplendum, prædictus Willielmus Collingbourn, et alii, diversas billas et scripturas in rythmis et balladis de murmurationibus, seditionibus, et loquelis, et proditoriis excita tionibus, falsò et proditoriè fecerunt, scripserunt, et fabricaverunt, et illas per ipsos sic factas, scriptas, et fabricatas, die, &c. super diversa ostia ecclesiæ cathedralis Sancti Pauli, London. proditoriè posuerunt, et publicè ibidem fixerunt, ad movendum et excitandum ligeos regis billas et scripturas illas legentes et intelligentes, commotionem et guerram erga ipsum regem facere et levare, contra ligeancia suæ debitum, et finalem destructionem regis, et subversionem regni, &c.—Judgment, to be hanged, drawn, and quartered. Bagnall's Case, (London). rici septimi. Anno nono Hen Thomas Bagnall et alii mortem regis imagi naverunt, &c. et ad intentionem prædictain, quòd populi regis cordialem amorem retrahere, &c. diversas billas et scripturas in rythmis et balladis de murmurationibus, seditionibus, et proditoriis excitationibus, tam versus regem quàm alios magnates de consilio suo tangent. proditoriè fecerunt, &c. super ostium ecclesiæ sancti Benedicti in Gracious-street, et super le Standard in Cheap, ac super ostium ecclesiæ Pauli posuerunt, &c. et quod ipsi fuerunt adhærentes cuidam Petro Warbeck, inimico regis, in partibus transmarinis existent. ad levandum guerram ad deponendum regem.-Judgment, to be hanged, drawn, and quartered. Stanley and Clifford's Case, (Middl.). Decimo Henrici septimi. Willielmus Stanley, miles, et Robertus Clifford, miles, ad invicem inter se communicaverunt et interlocuti fuerunt de quodam Petro Warbeck de Thornaco sub obedientiâ archiducis Austria et Burgundiæ, inimico domini regis, &c. falsò nuncupante se fore Richardum secundum filium domini Edvardi nuper regis Angliæ quarti, in partibus exterioribus ultra mare existent. ac mortem, &c. regis, ac subversionem regni Angliæ, proditorie conspiraverunt, &c. et eundem regem per guerram, &c. in regno Angliæ, levandum de coronâ, &c. deponendum, &c. Et ad illud perimplendum, &c. prædicti Willielmus Stanley et Robertus Clifford proditoriè, &c. inter se aggreati fuerunt, quòd ipse Robertus ad partes exteras prædictas ad præfatum Petrum Warbeck, &c. transfretaret, et in ipsius Petri adventum ad guerram levandum expectaret; et ipsum Petrum in regnum Angliæ cum toto posse suo introduceret, ipsum in regem erigeret, &c. Et ulteriùs dictus Willielmus Stanley præfato Roberto Clifford proditoriè promisit, &c. ad quodcunque et quotiescunque ipse Robertus Clifford aliquos ad domum Willielmi Stanley à partibus exterioribus, per privatum signum inter ipsos habitum, destinaret, pro ipsius ac dicti Petri Warbeck, inimicorum regis, &c. adjuvamine; ipse Willielmus Stanley co toto posse adjuvare vellet, &c. quorum, &c. prætextu dictus Robertus Clifford iter suum ad partes exteras, præfato Petro Warbeck arripuit, &c. Et sic fuerunt adhærentes, &c.-Judgment, to be hanged, drawn, and quartered. March and Carew's Case, (Surrey). tricesimo Henrici octavi. Anno comitat. Lancastriæ, taylor, pro verbis, viz. being shooting at the butts, said, I would the Henricus Marchio, Exon, proditoriè dicebat, I like well of the proceedings of Cardinal 'Pool' et ulteriùs, But I like not the proIceedings of this realm;' and 'I trust to see a change in the world' et ulteriùs 'I trust once to have a fair day upon those knaves which rule about the king: et ulteriùs, I trust to give them a buffet one day.' Et quòd Nicholaus Carew, miles, malitiosè et proditoriè murmuravit, et indignatus fuit, et dicebat hæc verba Anglicana, I marvel greatly that the indictment against the lord marquis was 'so secretly handled, and to what purpose? for the like was never seen.' -Per bagam sessionis tent, corain Thom. Audley, cancellar. et alias, 30 Hen. 8. The Case of Robert Rumwick, (Kent). In the thirty-first year of Henry 8. Robertus Rumwick indictatur, quòd cum diversi fuerunt comedentes et compotantes, &c. Thomas Brook, tenens quendam ciphum cervisiæ impletum, &c. dixit, God save the king! here is good ale.' Ad quod prædictus Robertus dixit proditoriè, &c. desiderans mortem regis, &c. God save the cup of good ale! for king Henry shall be hanged when twenty others shall be saved.' Cui prædictus Thomas dixit, Knowest thou what thou sayest? Prædictus Robertus iterum dixit ut supra, 'God, &c.' The Case of Lionel Haughton, (Leicester). Anno tricesimo tertio Henrici octavi. Lionelius Haughton, nuper de Ormeskirk, in king's body had been there as the arrow did light; and, By the mass I would it had been in his body.'-Per indictament. Mich. 33 H. 8. The Case of Edward Peacham. Edward Peacham was indicted of treason for divers treasonable passages in a sern:on which was never preached, or intended to be preached, but only set down in writings, and found in his study: He was tried and found guilty, but not executed.-Note, That many of the judges were of opinion, that it was not treason. [See vol. 2. p. 870.] Challercomb's Case. Henry Challercomb was also indicted of treason for words, and was found guilty, and executed. The Case of John Williams. John Williams was also indicted, found guilty, and executed, for writing a treasonable book, called Balaam's Ass. [See v. 2. p. 1086.] and of the statutes of treason, it was resolved Upon consideration of all which precedents, by all the Judges before-named, and so certified to his majesty, that the speaking of the words before-mentioned, though they were as wicked as might be, were not treason. For they resolved, that unless it were by some particular statute, no words will be treason; for there is no treason at this day but by the statute 25 Edw. 3, c. 2, for imagining the death of the king, &c, and the indictment must be framed upon one of the points in that statute: and the words spoken here can be but evidence to discover the corrupt heart of him that spake them; but of themselves they are not treason, neither can any indictment be framed upon them. 6 To charge the king with a personal vice, as to say of him, That he is the greatest whoremonger or drunkard in the kingdom,' is no treason; as Yelverton said it was held by the Judges, upon debate of Peacham's Case. 133. Proceedings against JOHN FELTON,* for the Murder of the Duke of Buckingham: 4 CHARLES I. A. D. 1628. [Rushw. Coll. 635. Whitel. Mem. 11. May's Hist. of the Parl. 10. 1 Clar. Hist. of the Rebellion, (Oxford ed. of 1707) 28, 42. 3 Kennet, 45. 4 Carte's Hist. 195.] THE town of Rochel was at this time straitly beleaguered by the French king, and the king of * « This Felton," says May," was a soldier of a low stature, and no promising aspect; of disposition serious,and melancholy, but religious in the England had prepared a fleet to relieve it, under the command of the duke of Buckingham, whole course of his life and conversation; which last I do not mention out of purpose to countenance his unlawful act, as supposing him to |