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of the angle included by the two sides, and EZ is drawn parallel to the tangent to the circle at Q. Shew that the remaining side of the spherical triangle is equal to the arc QPZ.

16. If through any point P within a spherical triangle ABC great circles be drawn from the angular points A, B, C to meet the opposite sides at a, b, c respectively, prove that

sin Pa cos PA sin Pb cos PB sin Pc cos PC

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1.

sin Aa

sin Bb

sin C'c

17. A and B are two places on the Earth's surface on the same side of the equator, A being further from the equator than B. If the bearing of A from B be more nearly due East than it is from any other place in the same latitude as B, find the bearing of B from A.

18. From the result given in example 18 of Chapter v. infer the possibility of a regular dodecahedron.

19. A and B are fixed points on the surface of a sphere, and P is any point on the surface. If a and b are given constants, shew that a fixed point S can always be found, in AB or AB produced, such that

a cos AP + b cos BP = 8 cos SP,

where s is a constant.

20. A, B, C,... are fixed points on the surface of a sphere; a, b, c,... are given constants. If P be a point on the surface of the sphere, such that

a cos AP + b cos BP + c cos CP+ shew that the locus of P is a circle.

=

constant,

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XVI. NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF SPHERICAL
TRIANGLES.

204. We shall give in this Chapter examples of the numerical solution of Spherical Triangles.

We shall first take right-angled triangles, and then obliqueangled triangles.

Right-Angled Triangles.

205. Given a = : 37° 48′ 12′′, b= 59° 44′ 16′′, C = 90o.

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206. Given A = 55° 32′ 45′′, C=90°, c= = 98° 14′ 24′′.

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Here cos c is negative; and therefore cot B will be negative, and B greater than a right angle. The numerical value of cos c is the same as that of cos 81° 45′ 36′′.

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To find b we have

tan b = tan c cos A.

Here tan c is negative; and therefore tan b will be negative and b greater than a quadrant.

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208. Given a = 70° 14′ 20′′, b = 49° 24′ 10′′, c = 38° 46′ 10′′. We shall use the formula given in Art. 45,

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(sin (8b) sin (s- c))

sin s sin (8 - a)

8=79° 12′ 20′′,

8-a = 8° 58′,

8 − b = 29° 48′ 10′′,

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