performances. The programme exhibited an attractive selection of instrumental and vocal music. The overtures of Tancredi," and "Le Nozze di Figaro," were performed in a manner, considering the smallness of their numbers, deserving the highest praise. The ballads of "Dermot Astore," and "Tis really very strange," sung by Miss May Swain, received considerable applause, though devoid of that feeling and spirit in which true music is so effectively clothed. A fantasia on the clarionet by Mr. Leonard pleased very much, and deservedly so-we cannot deny it being the best performance of the evening. Mr. G. Eyton also played a solo on the violin with some share of execution and feeling. Various waltzes, quadrilles, &c. were also given in the same spirited style, and received their portion of public favour.

LITERARY, SCIENTIFIC, AND COMMERCIAL INSTITUTION, ST. ANNE-STREET.-An admirable and deeply interesting lecture was delivered at this institution, on Friday evening, on Physical Education and Bodily Training, by T. W. Renwick, Esq., surgeon. The language was beautifully simple and stript of technicalities. The subject was evidently well digested, conveyed much infor mation, and gave universal satisfaction, which was expressed by frequent bursts of applause. The Rev. G. Stokes, A.M., was in the chair. At the close of the lecture, Mr. Farmer, Secretary to the institution, moved a vote of thanks to the lecturer, connected with an earnest request that Mr. Renwick would consent to deliver his whole course upon the subject, consisting of four lectures. The motion was seconded and carried nem. con. happy to learn, therefore, that the members of the institution and the public generally will be favoured with three more lectures from Mr. Renwick.

ADVERTISEMENTS.

HOUSES, LANDS AND FARMS TO LET.

We are

offices, a longer lease would be granted.-Rental £350, or, equal to £1 1s. 10 d., per acre, including House, Offices, and Plantation.

CARROWNAKNOCK containing about 103 acres on which has been lately erected a capital Dwelling-house, and Offices, suited to the best system of farming. Over £600 has been expended in Buildings on this farm lately.-Rental £70 equal to 13s. 7d. per acre.

WEST SHRONE, part of WEST INCH, and DIRHA, are situate on the River Gale. The new road from Liselton to Listowel passes through them, and that road is intersected by the new road from Bedford to Gale Bridge. They contain 970 acres, and will be let as one farm, or divided into 40 or 60 acre lots, as shown on a survey lately made of them by Mr. Julian ; and to encourage the reclamation of those Lands, (Dirha, Shrone, and West Inch), Leases will be made, containing special covenants, for terms not exceeding 60 years. The survey and form of leases will be shown on application to Mr. Patrick Stack, at Listowel.-Rental £214, equal to only 4s. 5d, per acre.

These Lands have the advantage of an abundant supply of Limestone, Sea-sand, and Turbary.

Proposals (in writing only) will be received by Pierce Mahony, Esq., 43 Dame-street, Dublin; or by his agent, Mr. Patrick Stack, of Listowel. Every information as to those Lands will be given on application to Mr. A. Henderson, Surveyor and Land Valuator, Binny Cottage, by Uphall Edinburgh; or to A. J. Bonar, Esq., Spring Bank, Dumbarton; Messrs. Marshall, Auctioneers, Limerick.

Any quantity of Land, excellent Bog and Turbary can be had with the above by the Farmer at a very low rate, (quite nominal). Persons are invited to view the lands on visiting Killarney Lakes.

Every possible encouragement will be given for the improvement of those Lands, and tenants will be declared on the value being offered.

The above Farms are beautifully situated within 3 miles of the River Shannon, and 15 miles from the lovely Lakes of Killarney. Steamers ply daily to Limerick in 2 hours, and produce is delivered in Liverpool by the Grand Canal and City of Dublin Company on the third morning. Agricultural agents can be obtained and every information by applying to Edwin Lewis, Temple-street, Liverpool, House, Land and Farm Agent.

PUPILS.

YOUNG GENTLEMEN wishing to pursue the scientific, healthy and profitable, as well as most patriotic pursuit of Agriculture, can be trained in all its branches, by an educated Gentleman-practically-who has been 16 years engaged in agriculture in the county of Northumberland, is well acquainted in the Breeding and Feeding Cattle and Sheep, as well as growing Corn, Turnips, Seeds, &c., &c.

N. B. Every attention will be paid to the morals of the pupils, on Protestant principles. A horse will be kept extra to attend them. Land Surveying, and Laying out of Estates taught the Pupils, the gentleman having had 16 years experience on 15,000 acres on the estates of the Earl of Carlisle. Apply to Mr. Robert Bell, Villa House, near Listowel, County Kerry, or Edwin Lewis, House, Land and Farm Agent, Temple-street, Liverpool. (One concern.)

GUANO ON SALE

NORTHERN MECHANICS' INSTITUTION,

ESTABLISHED 19TH JULY, 1839,

The Corporation kindly granted the use of their School, Bevington Bush, for the Education of the Mechanics of Liverpool.

THIS valuable Institution is open for the instruction, in an evening, of the working mechanic, in drawing, reading, writing, mathematics, and all useful branches of learning-on the most liberal and moderate terms possible-in addition to which he has the advantage of the Library, containing the most modern books, suited to the study of all classes of mechanics ;- it already exceeds 1000 volumes.

The first two annual reports and catalogues, with every information, to be had at the institution from seven to nine o'clock each evening.

SAMUEL RANSON, SECRETARY,

18, Clarence-street.

N.B.-Concerts, short literary lectures, and scientific experiments every Saturday evening, from eight to ten o'clock, calculated to allure the mechanic from the haunts of dissipation.

LAND INVESTMENT COMPANY.

AT a Meeting of the Inhabitants of Banagher and its vicinity,

held on Friday, the 30th December, 1841, Captain WILLIAM SCOTT Chairman,

Moved by the Rev. Cornelius O'Brien, P.P.; seconded by Keran Molloy, Esq.

Resolved-That having read the prospectus of the Land Investment Company of Ireland, and heard the explanation of Mr. Reynolds, the Managing Director, we highly approve of the proect, and considering it perfectly safe as an investment, and likely to be largely remunerative to the Share-holders, we hereby agree to subscribe for the number of Shares annexed to our names respectively.

Signed,

WILLIAM SCOTT, Chairman. Captain Scott having vacated the Chair, and Thomas Fleetwood, Esq., being called thereto, the marked thanks of the Meeting were passed to William Scott, Esq., for his very proper conduct in the Chair.

Banagher, 30th December, 1841.

investigation. The number of pages is increased from eight to twelve, and the study of the Editor is to occupy the columns with information of the most valuable and pleasing description.Chronicle.

GAWTHROP'S JOURNAL.-Another and a spirited attempt is being made in Liverpool to establish a local literary magazine. The effort is praiseworthy and deserves to be successful. Thirteen numbers have now been published. They contain many interesting original essays, valuable reports of lectures delivered at the Mechanics' and Literary Institutions, and pretty, original poems. The publication already has been instrumental in doing good; has, in some instances, created, and in others encouraged, a taste for a more elevated kind of reading; and, in consequence, has met with the patronage of many of our most distinguished merchants and of several well-known clergymen. The number of pages is increased from eight to twelve. The study of the editor is to occupy the columns with valuable and pleasing information.-Albion.

GAWTHROP'S JOURNAL.-A periodical low in price and well conducted, devoted to the institutions of the town, and to the spread of useful knowledge among the humble classes of society, was much wanted in Liverpool. The attempt to establish such an one is being spiritedly made by the conductor of the above journal, and we hope his exertions will be crowned with success. His publication contains many original and valuable essays, pleasing poetry, and interesting, well-written tales.-Courier.

GAWTHROP'S JOURNAL.-This useful little periodical is fast working its way to public notice and favour. It contains many very valuable original essays, poems, and interesting tales, as well as reports of lectures, delivered at the Mechanics' and other Institutions. The want of a paper such as this has often been felt and expressed in Liverpool. The spirited exertions which are now being made by the proprietor deserve to be crowned with success. Standard.

The

This is a very useful and well-conducted little Journal of Art, Science, and Institution Reports. The attempt to establish a local literary periodical is dangerous but highly praise-worthy. experiment deserves to be successful. The original essays are valuable and well-written, the poetry is good and the tales are interesting.-Liverpool Mail.

We have had the honour of seeing one of our leading articles copied entire into the Dublin Evening Post-of having our little periodical favourably noticed by the national paper of our sister metropolis, and of hearing it most highly spoken of by influential friends.

JOHN

LONDON DYE-HOUSE.

EDWARDS, successor to Mr. William Blewitt, respectfully informs his Friends, and the Public of Liverpool and its vicinity generally, that he has commenced business at the Premises lately occupied by Mr. Blewitt, Dyer, at No. 64, (late 109,) Richmond-row, No. 6, Nelson-street, Great George-street, near Dr. Raffles' Chapel, and at No. 50, Oldhall-street, Liverpool, where he purposes carrying on the business of DYEING, in all its various departments, in the London style.

J. Edwards is desirous of affording his friends and the public the assurance that all work entrusted to his care will receive the utmost attention, and having engaged first-rate workmen from the Metropolis, he is enabled to execute all orders with which he may be favoured, in the first style of elegance and finish, equal to the best London Dyeing Establishments, with the utmost punctuality, and on the most moderate terms.

J. E. has to announce that he has made arrangements which will enable him to send for and return Articles to be Dyed, to any distance within ten miles of Liverpool.

AGENTS.-A. M. Scolfield, Bridge-street, Runcorn; J. Burder, Denbigh; Thomas Lindon, Tontine-street, St. Helen's; Thomas Naylor, Walgate, Wigan.

15. JeremyTaylor's Sermons part 2. 2 16. Ditto. Taylor's Sermons part 3. 2 17. Paley's Horæ Paulinæ.. 18. Paley's evidence of Christianity 2 19. Leslie's Short and Easy Method with the Jews

10s. 6d.

2s. each work.

3s.

9 Not to be had separately.

6

1

Do. 3s. 6d. 4s.

1 0

20. Moses Stuart on the Divinity of Christ

21. Hopkin's Exposition of the Ten Commandments

22. Hopkins' Vanity of the World and Exposition of the Lord's Prayer

23. Hopkins' Discourses concerning Sin, with the Doctrine of the two Covenants, and the two Sacraments

24. Hopkins' on Regeneration, the All-sufficiency of Christ, Heavenly Treasures, Practical Christianity, the Assurance of Heaven, Glorifying God, 25. Hopkins' Almost Christian; on Conscience, and the Duty of Mortification; Death Disarmed of its Sting, Hopkins' Miscellaneous Sermons,

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Well adapted for Presents and for distribution by those desirous of promoting the most Useful Knowledge among all classes of the community.

Publishing at intervals, beautifully printed in medium 8vo. CHRISTIAN LITERATURE,

Being Standard Text-books on Christian Faith and Practice. Intended to form a complete Library of the best Protestant Divinity.

In a Note from a distinguished Prelate, he "thanks the publishers for a set of the Treatises now in the course of publication, under the title of Christian Literature, and still more for having undertaken so highly important a publication, and earnestly hopes that the Proprietor may have his best reward in the success, under God's blessing, of his excellent work."

In one volume, cloth extra, price 148.

JEREMY TAYLOR'S WHOLE SERMONS, AND HOLY
LIVING AND HOLY DYING.
With a Memoir of Taylor.

In one volume, cloth extra, price 18s. THE WHOLE WORKS OF BISHOP HOPKINS. With a Memoir of the Author.

In one volume, cloth extra, price 14s. or beautifully bound in morocco, 22s. 6d.

CHRISTIAN EVIDENCES.

Sold in Liverpool, by Charles Davies 32, North John-street.

Liverpool:-Printed at HUGH GAWTHROP's General Printing Office, Clarence Buildings, 34, North John-street. Published by CHARLES DAVIES, 32, North John Street, ARNOLD, South John Street, and all other Booksellers and News Agents.

No. 16.

LIVERPOOL POLYTECHNIC SOCIETY.

ON THE RISE, PROGRESS, AND EXTENSION OF THE ALPACA MANUFACTURES.

William Danson, Esq., of this town, read a very interesting paper on this subject, for the origin of which, he stated, the members were indebted to the late secretary of the society, Mr. Dircks, who had urged him to the present essay three months ago. He furnished a succinct view of the manufacture from the introduction of the wool to the present time, and exhibited many beautiful silky specimens, in various articles of wearing apparel. The article was first introduced as a marketable fabric by Mr. Benjamin Outram, a venerable and scientific manufacturer of Greetland, near Halifax, who, twelve or fourteen years ago, sold it in the form of ladies' carriage, shawls and cloakings, as curiosities. He had specially to order the wool from Peru, and it could then be obtained only at high prices, so that half a square of the cloth sold for £3 to £4. Several of the specimens exhibited had been in constant wear for upwards of eleven years. For two years the manufacture was necessarily limited. About 1832 his (Mr. D.'s) opinion was taken as to the properties and capabilities of the article, and he advised his merchant, Mr. J. J. Hegan, of the firm of Messrs. Hegan, Hall, and Co., of this town, that it might be safely imported at certain prices, and if supplied in large quantities would become an article of general use in our manufactures. Those gentlemen consequently wrote to their own house in Peru to buy and contract for all they could procure, at an unlimited price, and the official account of the subsequent imports from the country was as follows:

From Islay. Quintais. 57

:

From Arica. • Quintais. None.

1842.

Being a total of 41,196 quintals, of 100lbs. each, which was 4,200,000lb.; and in 1841 there had been imported into Liverpool probably about 2,000,000lbs., as in February alone 1,090,000 was introduced. Some also was brought to England from France and America, and during the above period a good deal was imported as sheeps' wool and llama wool; so that within 7 years fully 8 millions of pounds had been imported, constituting the foundation of the alpaca manufactures, the fabrics of which are now in such lated until 1839, when a speculative demand eased general use. The stocks of the raw material accumuthe market of perhaps £50,000 value, at 2s. to 8s. 6d per lb., the manufacture still going steadily on,when in September of that year the subject was brought before the British Association, at Birmingham, where specimens of its manufacture, black as jet (without dye), were exhibited, and tested by Mr. Addams, lecturer on chemistry, &c., who stated that the natural black colour could not be changed by chemical action.

Foreseeing the impossibility of obtaining anything like an adequate supply of the raw material from Peru to satisfy tha demand of our manufacturers, his (Mr. D.'s) attention was directed to the importation of the animals; and the subject was brought before from whose deliberations emanated the publication of the Natural History Society in that Royal Institution the pamphlet on the "Naturalisation of the Alpaca," patronised and sanctioned by the Earl of Derby, who had declared his unqualified opinion that the animal might be climatised in this country, for the benefit of our manufactures. Copies of the pamphlet might be had at Wareing Webb's, Castle-street, a gentleman who, himself from Birmingham, and connected with the nobility in the midland districts, appreciated the value and importance of the subject, by patronising the society; and four living specimens of alpacas were exhibited at the Liverpool Mechanics' Institution in July 1840, as well as at the meeting of the British Association, in Glasgow, in the same year.

In 1840 and 1841 the alpaca manufactures made the most rapid progress, and he now came to the epoch of its establishment as a national staple manufacture. In 1839 the yarns of alpaca were regularly sent to the French manufacturers, who employed

them in their fabrics in imitation of silk, they being very much cheaper; and its use was observable in the goods retailed in many of the towns and cities of the Continent, as recently noticed in the Athenæum. One manufacturer alone was using the wool weekly in quantities amounting to nearly double the annual production, according to the statistical table given, as the exports quoted were the accumulation of many years. Looking, therefore, to the extension of our alpaca manufactures, we must seek in vain to find an adequate supply from Peru, the animals being chiefly concentrated in one district, a great distance from the shipping ports, Islay and Arica being the only two from which any Alpaca wool had been exported. In Lima and Valparaisa the animals were so scarce, that they were considered curiosities, as in England.

The alpaca manufactures were extending in Scotland as well as in Ireland. He (Mr. D.) had letters from Inverness, in the North of Scotland, for yarns, to beautify the Scotch tartan manufactures; and also from the county of Kerry (in the south of Ireland), where the refuse of alpaca wool was spun by the mountaineers into hosiery and other fabrics. Thus were the alpaca manufactures extending rapidly throughout Great Britain.

Every thing," said Mr. Danson, "has been done by the wool-stapler and manufacturer to depreciate the raw material, in consequence of the badness of the times, and the difficulty of selling goods; yet the alpaca manufactures command a free sale in the London, Yorkshire, Manchester, Paisley, and Glasgow markets; and the fabrics in Mouselin-de-laine, Chusan crapes, chene, cloakings, Norwich novelties de sarsenet,' hosiery, coats, surtouts, cravats, vests, and fringes, as well as mixing with sewing silks, and other innumerable articles are of this fine material, exhibiting the skill and enterprise of the British manufacturer."

He next noticed the difficulties attending the dyeing of delicate colours in this wool-such as royal blues, scarlet, greens, and oranges, and which has been completely overcome, from time to time, as indicated by the different and beautiful colours in the mouseline-de-laine, and ladies' dresses. One of the latter was exhibited, and cost only fifty shillings. The royal blue was a splendid specimen; some of them had been in use in his family for four years. He then shewed twenty-four Peruvian costume drawings, just received from a friend at Arica, in which the colours of the garments were beautiful. The alpaca seemed by nature to be provided for the protection of man, as well as of itself, from the incessant torrents of rain that fell periodically in the

mountains of the Andes. He also exhibited a species of baize made in England, to supersede the alpaca domestic manufactures of the country, and considered it only fair that we should take their fine soft wool in exchange. He shewed a variety of vests, stocks, &c., of the alpaca, which had been in wear for years, and which appeared as rich and glossy as silk, and exceedingly durable; also specimens of the wool in its raw state, including a sample (staple) of black, taken from a black alpaca, exhibited at the Royal English Agricultural Show here, in July last, belonging to Earl Derby, and Mr. Foot, his lorship's farm-agent, stated that the animal had 171b. of wool (alpaca) on it, which is worth 2s. 6d. per lb., and very saleable; whereas the usual average of the fleece of a Scotch sheep is but 6lbs., and the value of it 41d. per lb., and bad to sell. The alpaca wool alluded to appeared to be upwards of a foot in length of staple. A dozen specimens of beautifully figured shawls were also exhibited, splendidly worked in flowers. These were only 16s. each, and black and other colours of figured and plain alpaca manufactures, called Orleans cloths, value 2s. to 3s. per yard, in imitation of silk, well calculated for ladies' dresses: the shopkeepers did not know them as alpaca manufactures.

Mr. Danson concluded by inviting the company to an inspection of the different articles, which were examined with great interest, and excited great interest.

SONNET.

BITTER RECOLLECTIONS.

I still am young, and yet have had a share
Of this world's troubles-oh, 'tis true I've felt
Pangs that have made my eyes to tear-drops melt,
That from my breast well nigh my heart did tear.
Oh what a cruel thing 'tis to have loved-

Nay on the heart's knees to have often knelt
To fickle beauty;—that hath strangely dealt
With her idolator. Yes! I have proved

By dearly bought experience how unwise
To trust to maiden's vows.-I have been moved
By sweetest words and tender beaming eyes,
As through lone paths at twilight hours we roved,
To maddest love, by woman's witcheries;
But now I've learned her cunning to despise.

INSTITUTIONS.

We are sorry that we cannot this week give our usual notice of the lectures delivered at the Mechanics' Institution, in consequence of the severe indisposition of the gentleman who favors us with the reports.