great call for it, seeing that the Pope (to the great joy of this protestant country) is now restored to his See.-But, in spite of the justice and reasonableness of these sentiments, they do not, and will not, prevail amongst the manufacturers in England, who will look with jealousy and hatred tōwards America; and, perceiving no other The mer by anticipation, completely destroyed by a single word from the Regent, echoing the wish for universal peace, expressed by the City of London.I am aware, that his Royal Highness, by a speedy adjustment of all differences with America, which, indeed, do themselves away by the existence of peace in Europe, will greatly disappoint the feeders on war and the enemies of free-way of arresting her astonishing progress dom. As to the former, they might be sa- in the manufacturing line than that of teartisfied with profits equal to the profits of ing her to pieces by war, they will be for war; but the latter, nothing short of the war with her, at any expence, and at any extermination of the very name of Republic risk.The ship-owners know well, that will ever satisfy. They see, in the existence they have no chance in a fair competition of the Republic of America, danger little short with the Americans. They know, that the of what they saw in the Republic of France. latter can build, sail, and carry at half the They see in it a receptacle for the oppress-price necessary to English ships. This ed and enterprising of all nations. They class, therefore, will be for war. see in it an example of freedom, morality, cantile marine will breed ships of war. and happiness, the bare thought of which This is an object of terror with those who puts them to the torture. If they could look far forward, and who are unable to consolidate all the people of America into support the idea of England ever, at any one carcase, they would, having an arm time, becoming the second maritime nation sufficiently strong, and an arm sufficiently in the world, as, in twenty years time, she long, cut their throat at a single gash.- must, unless the growth of the American Such men, if men we ought to call such naval power can be checked.When we monsters, talk with delight of the send- look back to what America was in the year ing of Lord Wellington's army to the United 1784, that is, thirty years ago, and see States; they revel in the idea of burning what progress she has made, and how that the cities and towns, the mills and manu-progress has gone on increasing in its velocifactories of that country; at the very least, they talk of forcing Mr. Madison from his seat, and new modelling the government.They endeavour to excite all the hostile sions here. They are always ripping up our defeated and captured frigates, without appearing to recollect, that we, at any rate, defeated and took one frigate from the Americans. Why then urge us on to revenge? Can any revenge that we can take do away these pages of history, any more than the dethronement of Napoleon can do away the history of the battles of Austerlitz, Jena, and Eylau-At other times, they tell us of the danger, which, as manufacturers, we have to apprehend from America, who is now, in her turn, becoming an exporter of woollen and of cotton goods. And why should they not export woollens and cottons as well as we? What reason is there, that they should not become a commercial nation as well as we or the Dutch? These latter used to have, exclusively, the making of Gods for the Portuguese and Spaniards; but for my part, I see no harm that would arise from it, if the Americans, who have such abundance of wood, were to supply this article to all the Catholic countries of Europe, as, doubtless, there will now be a pas power, even ty, it is impossible not to perceive, that, un- cargoes of Governors, Commanders-in- | secret agreement in order to prevent any of Chief, Staffs, Port-Admirals and Officers, the other powers, France included, from Custom-house and Excise people, Attorneys taking part in this dispute, "after the reand Solicitors-General, Judges, Doctors, establishment of peace in Europe?"If Proctors, Paymasters, Commissaries, and, I could believe, as I yet cannot, in the exthough last not least, Bishops, Priests, and istence of such an agreement, I should begin Deacous-Only think of this, and wonder to fear, that the Regent and his Minister not, that there are persons to wish for the were bent upon a war of re-colonization, or, recolonization of America.But, as the at least, of devastation, in the United States; subjects of dispute with that country cease that they had listened to the suggestions of of themselves with the war in Europe, let those who, for the several reasons that I have us hope, that all these wild notions will be stated, desire the destruction or the conBoon dissipated by the Regent's Ministers, quest of these States; and that we were who will, doubtless, lose, now, not a moment doomed now to be engaged in a most exin giving real peace to the nation.-pensive and bloody war, while all the rest I must confess, however, that I should of Europe enjoyed profound peace; that like to see the ugly paragraph, to which I the time was yet not to arrive when our have alluded, plainly contradicted by some- burdens were to be lightened, when guineas thing like official authority. It appeared were to return, and when we were, onco in the Times newspaper of the 2d of May, before we died, to say that our country was in the following words: The treaty of living in friendship with all the world.— Chaumont is published in the same print of If this war were to be resolved on by our the same day, from the Vienna Gazette; Government (which God forbid !), it must and, after the treaty, there follows, as also be confessed, that there would not be want taken from the Vienna Paper, this para-ing the ready means for carrying it on with graph." It is affirmed, that besides the deadly effect. We have more soldiers, Conventions which England has concluded more sailors, more ships, more horses, mor with the other allied powers, it has also arms and ammunition; more, in short, of "made a secret agreement relative to all the instruments of war, than we know "North America. By this agreement Eng-what to do with. Our army is well discipland has procured from all the other Eu-lined; abundantly supplied with good offi ropean powers the assurance, that, after "the re-establishment of Peace in Europe, none of them will interfere in the disputes between his Britannic Majesty and North America, and France is also to engage, in the peace to be concluded, to sub-sufficient, perhaps, for a year's war in "scribe to the same conditions."- -This, America.- -The undertaking, therefore, as the reader will observe well, was first would be by no means chimerical, though, published at Vienna on the 9th of April, in the end, I think it would fail. and accompanied the publication of the such a war, and for the purpose urged in Treaty of Chaumont. If the paragraph be our public prints, should be entered on, it not a fabrication here, it is very strange in- is probable, that the German Legion, being deed, it being well known, that, at Vienna, subjects of our king, might be amongst the press is under such a rigid inspection troops sent out. This is no contemptible and controul.Why any such stipulation army of itself: horse, foot, artillery, engi as this? What need was there of any, see-neers; all well appointed, provided, and ing that we have now no dispute with America, the very subjects of dispute having ceased to exist with the war in Europe. The dispute related to the taking of people out of American ships upon the high seas, upon the ground of their being English subjects, and also to the extent of the right of blockade and other matters touching neutrals during war. -Peace with all other nations, of course, takes away the very subjects of dispute; and, WHY, therefore, should England bave made a 66 the cers; brave in its nature; accustomed to victory! Our Navy is in the same state, The European war has ended so suddenly, and was upon so large a scale, that ther are provisions and stores in hand more than If commanded. In short, there will be no difficulty in sending out an army, during the present Summer, of 50 or 80 thousand men, besides sailors and marines.--To prevent their landing would be impossible;" and, it is hardly necessary to say, that the whole of the ships of the States, and all the maritime towns, must fall upon the approach of only a fourth part of such an army; unless the Americans should, pre vious to its landing, be cured of their selfconfidence, and lay by the plough, for while, for the use of the musket.-I France to punish the late republicans; it trust in the justice of his Royal Highness, is here alone where the press openly ex the Regent, for the rejection of such a pro- presses its dread of the King of Francé ject; but, if it were to be adopted, I know being too lenient. This description of perit would be popular; and I also see, as sons will never be at heart's case, while every man must, that the powers of the people of America are free, and while Europe, if inclined to aid America, are America is a receptacle for the oppressed. unable to do it. They have, all put toge- And, indeed, upon their principle, they ther, not fleets enough to face six English are right. If they will insist upon remen of war. The maritime strength of garding the result of the war in Europe as the whole world now centres in these valuable only on account of its having deislands. The Americans, I hear, rely stroyed republicanism in Europe, they are upon the friendship of Russia. Alas! perfectly consistent in urging a war against what have they to offer the Emperor of America, and even a war of re-coloniza · Russia in return for his friendship? This tion; for, unless that object be accomis nonsense. The Emperor of Russia has plished; unless the cradle of the Revoluother objects of his attention; and besides, tion became also its grave, little or nothing if we really were to give credit to the arti- has been gained over the principle of reele from Vienna, that point is settled at publicanism. America, now holding out once.So that, if this war were to be her hand to manufacturers, as well as culresolved on, it would soon be seen, that the tivators of the soil, cannot, if she remain politics of the Federalists, as they are called, what she is, fail to attract prodigious numhave been wrong from the beginning; and bers of Europeans, of all nations, to her that Mr. Madison, so often accused of prolific and happy shores. Discontent at being the tool of Napoleon, will have to re- the changes which have now taken place; mind his antagonists, that if America despair of ever seeing that which they had, in good earnest, taken the side of before had hopes of living to see; shame France, a few years ago, she would not to remain on the spot where their hopes now in all probability have to tremble, lest have been baffled, and their endeavours the advice of the Times newspaper should frustrated; unsurmountable hatred of power be acted upon. Luckily for the power of to which they are compelled to submit, and England, and for the family of Bourbon, to the support of which they are compelled Mr. Madison and his party kept aloof to contribute; the weight of taxation; the from Napoleon for the sake of a political spirit of enterprise; the hope of bettering principle, united with the fear of being re-their lot in all: these will, if America he proached with plunging their country into at peace, and the road free and clear, cara war on the side of a despot and a con-ry hundreds of thousands of Europeans to queror. But, it would, if the Times's her shores. Artizans, manufacturers of project were adopted, become evident to all all descriptions, and especially of the most the world, that such policy had been the clever and most enterprising men. The ruin of the United States.I repeat, how- augmentation of her population will be ever, my confident hope, that the Regent and hastened'; her maritime and all other bis Ministers are too just and too modcrate means will increase; aud, it will be not a☛ in their views to listen, for one moment, all surprising to see her, in ten years, in a to any such ambitious and sanguinary pro- situation to send forth 50 ships of the line, ject, against which it is my duty to endea- manned and commanded as well as our vour to guard them, as I know that there own.-I confess, that this will be the nawill not be wanting numbers, through the tural consequence of leaving her what she press and otherwise, to urge its adoption. now is, and that, in any war, at ten yea13 The whole world besides does not, per- hence, she will be able almost to dictate haps, contain so many deadly enemies of to us both the time and the condifreedom as England alone. It is here tions of peace, there being a limit to our alone where we see it recommended to growth of power, and none to her's.-But, keep the allied armies longer in France; for all this, I am decidedly for leaving it is here alone where we hear it said, and her to herself. Her States may di see it promulgated, that Napoleon ought vide of themselves. That will make her to be hanged with his code of laws about comparatively weak; whereas by a war, his neck; it is here alone where we see we should unite them much closer publications recommending to the King of than they now arc. We may, too, fail is the object of the war. After expending all sorts; experience in the men as well as two or three hundred millions of money, the officers; with courage, discipline, and we may be compelled to make peace with the habit of victory. All these will require her as an Independent Republic, having something more than the Americans have greatly weakened ourselves by the attempt yet thought of.-Then, in the last war, to subdue her, tarnished our own military re- America had three great maritime powers putation, fixed her fame for ever in the on her side, and one power to send her aid minds of men, and what, in the eyes of in cfficers and men. Do they now look for some persons, would be worse than all the assistance from the friendship of Ferdinand, rest, established upon a rock, never to be or of Louis, or of the Sovereign Prince of shaken, the principles of freedom and of the United Netherlands? Which of the Republican Government.I have thus three do they intend to apply to? Or, do taken a rather extensive view of this sub- they expect that the Emperor of Russia, ject; but to those who are for a war with who is shortly to come on a visit to Eng America, in order, as the Times calls it, land, will, in order to preserve their liberto finish the good work so happily begun in ties, send an army of cossacks to their asFrance, it might have been sufficient to sistance round by the way of Kamskatka? observe, in very few words, that our choice Verily, Jonathan, if you repose in vain lies between these two things:-either to hopes, you are upon your last legs, if the suffer America to remain the nurse of free- project of our public writers be adopted by dom, the receptacle of the oppressed of all the Government.It appears, that yon nations, an example of liberty, security and have negociators in Europe; and, I have happiness, enjoyed under an elective go- heard, that they have a great opinion of vernment, without hereditary rights or their powers of speech. They, or, rather established church; or, to continue to pay you, will, in due time, feel the consequence the property tax, and to see our debt yearly of this error, if it be persevered in long. increased by loans. Here, Johnny Bull, We, here, do not make such long speeches you have your choice. Which of the two in our diplomatic discussions. We are you may take, I really cannot pretend to more laconic; but we use arguments of say; and so, upon this subject, I must wait much greater force than yours. Whether patiently the result of your profound cogi- it be owing to our European climate, which, tations.As to the state of opinions in by making the stage of maturity more America, it appears, that, having heard of tardy in arriving, communicates more vithe low state of Napoleon's affairs, the gour to the mind as well as the body, from people there were counting, with confi-causes similar to those which render the dence, on an immediate peace. They had oak more solid and durable than the poplar; not then heard of the actual dethronement or, to that necessity of industry which haof Napoleon, and of the consequent lan-bituates us to dispatch, I cannot tell; but, guage of our public prints, accompanied with statements relative to troops immediately to be sent off to America. What effect these will produce in the minds of the people and of the government there, I Know not; but, so slowly do they generally move, it is not probable, that the troops will meet with any thing like an army to oppose them. The Americans have no experienced officers. They have no discipline. They will, too, I dare say, think, that, because they beat England in the last war, they can do it again, and much easier, having now five times as numerous a population. But, in the first place, they will not have to contend against such Generals as they had to contend against before, nor such officers and soldiers. They will, if our troops really should land in their country, have to contend with those who have defeated French armies; with skill of certain it is, that our negociators have a much shorter way of going to work than yours, and that they seldom fail to be much more successful. You have recently seen what a shilly-shally state the Powers of the Continent were in, till our Lord Castlereagh got amongst their counsellors. They were talking about leaving to the Emperor Napoleon a much greater extent of territory than France, under her kings, ever knew. You have seen how soon matters changed after the arrival of his Lordship. You have seen the result; and, having seen that, rely, if you will, on the superior powers of talking, possessed by your negociators!Perhaps you may take it into your head, that negociators, chosen from amongst our friends, the Federalists; that two or three of those "Burkes of the Western Hemisphere," of whom the Times newspaper speaks; perhaps, it may com into your reddle, that negociators, picked | man, your fate would excite very little out from amongst these friends of "social commisseration in Europe. You thought, order and regular government," will be that you would hold the balance between likely to succeed better than those, who England and France. What folly and were not for open war against Napoleon. presumption! But it is in vain to talk. Try then, Jonathan; and be sure to fix This is a disease of the mind, of which na-. upon gentlemen, who think themselves very tions are never cured but at the cannon's clever, and love, of all things, to hear them-mouth; and, though I could wish much to selves talk. Be sure to send men, deeply sce you cured, I cannot bring myself to apread in Vattel and Pufendorf, and who prove of the application of the remedy. will write volumes in folio in answer to six Since writing the above, the following imlines from our Secretary of State.- Iportant Declaration from our Admiralty think, that, in order to conciliate, your best has come to hand.The Americans will, way will be to send negociators, who, in I dare say, not think it altogether a joke. following up the sentiments of Mr. Ran- "ADMIRALTY-OFFICE, APRIL 30, 1814. dolph, will lay all the blame of your hostility The Lords Commissioners of the Admiupon the Democrats, or Jacobins, who have" ralty cannot announce to the Fleet the emigrated to you from England and Ire-" termination of hostilities with France, land; and, if you were to propose to give "without expressing to the petty officers, them up to their natural sovereign, it" seamen, and royal marines of his Mamight, perhaps, as Mr. Randolph would "jesty's ships, the high sense which their think, obtain you peace upon better terms. "Lordships entertain of their gallant and Try it, Jonathan, and see what effect it" glorious services during the late war.— will have! In short, try, in all manner of "The patience, perseverance, and discip ways, the powers of talking -Alas! to" line; the skill, courage, and devotion, be serious with you, your safety lies now "with which the seamen and marines have in the forbearance, the magnanimity, the "upheld the best interests, and achieved compassion, of his Royal Highness the "the noblest triumphs of the country, enPrince Regent of England; and, I trust," title them to the gratitude, not only of especially for the sake of the Quakers in their native land, which they have prePennsylvania, that you will find this a safe" served inviolate, but of the other nations reliance. While the Emperor Napoleon" of Europe, of whose ultimate deliverance wielded the arms of France, you thought" their successes maintained the hope, and yourselves in no danger. But him you did" accelerated the accomplishment.Their not like. He did not dress to your fancy. Lordships regiet that the unjust and unOne party amongst you abused him, and "provoked aggression of the American the other disclaimed all desire to aid his "GOVERNMENT, in declaring war views. Volumes did your negociators write " upon this Country, after all the causes of to convince us, that you did nothing to fa- " its original complaint had been removed, vour him. You got into a nice, snug, "does not permit them to reduce the fleet little, war of your own. Still independent, "at once to a Peace establishment; but as you were at war with one of the great bel-"the question now at issue in this war is ligerents, and so far from allying yourself "the maintenance of those maritime rights, with the other, you contrived to keep "which are the sure foundations of our up your quarrel with him, and could "naval glory, their Lordships look with hardly be said to be at peace with" confidence to that part of the fleet which your powerful enemy's only powerful" it may be still necessary to keep in comenemy. Luckily for us, you adopted this "mission, for a continuance of that spirit policy, and persevered in it to the last.-" of discipline and gallantry, which has You appear to have put your little independent war as a sort of episode into the grand drama; but it was acting contrary to all the rules of composition, not to close the episode before the end of the piece.--You" may, I hope, safely rely upon the moderation and magnanimity of our Prince Regent, acting in the name and behalf of his Majesty; but I do assure you, that that is your only reliance; for if you were rooted out to the last "of 66 66 "raised the British Navy to its present " pre-eminence. In reducing the flect to the establishment necessary for the American war, the seamen and marines will find their Lordships attentive to the claims of "their respective services.-The reduction "will be first made in the crews of those "ships which it may be found expedient to 66 pay off, and from them the petty effieers "and seamen will be successively dis |