permanent effects in the British Islands, and the history of which ought to be more interesting, in some homely respects, to Britons now, than the history of the Council of Basel, the Council of Trent, or any other of the great ecclesiastical Councils, more ancient and ecumenical, about which we hear so much, The following is the most complete and accurate list of the Members of the Assembly I have been able to draw up, reserving only some Scotsmen who are to be added, in a group by themselves, afterwards : I.-OFFICIALS OF THE ASSEMBLY. WILLIAM TWISSE, D.D. (Oxon.), Rector of Newbury, Berks, was the Prolocutor or Speaker, appointed by Parliament. He was of German descent; atat. about 69; and was of note as a polemical theologian, especially against Arminianism. He died July 1646, and was succeeded in the Prolocutorship by Mr. Herle (whose name see below).-When the Prolocutor was unable to take the chair it was taken by either Dr. BURGES or Mr. WHITE (see these names below); which two members were known accordingly as Assessors" to the Prolocutor. They were appointed by the Assembly itself; but Parliament had already nominated the two "Scribes," or Clerks of the Assemblyviz. Mr. HENRY ROBOROUGH (afterwards minister of St. Leonard's, Eastcheap), and Mr. ADONIRAM BYFIELD, M.A. (Cantab.). The Scribes were not properly members of Assembly, and did not vote. After a little while (.e. Dec. 18, 1643), a Mr. JOHN WALLIS was appointed as their "amanuensis,' or assistant. He was a young man in holy orders, fresh from Cambridge and not much known; but he lived to be famous as Dr. John Wallis, the Divine, Decipherer, and Mathematician, Professor of Geometry at Oxford, and one of the founders of the Royal Society. He was probably the last survivor of all who had taken part in the Westminster Assembly; for he died in 1703, atat. 88. II. DIVINES NOMINALLY MEMBERS OF THE ASSEMBLY AT ONE TIME OR ANOTHER. In the following list the names of the divines originally appointed by Parliament to constitute the clerical portion of the Assembly are arranged alphabetically, without typographical distinction of those who actually served and were the real constituting body from those who never appeared in the Assembly, or withdrew from it soon, and so cannot be accounted real members. These may have been about twenty in all, and the most important of them are noted as their names occur.- -There were, however, some nineteen divines added by Parliament at various times after the Assembly had begun its work. The names of such of these as came in the places of original members who had died or withdrawn themselves are given, not alphabetically, but in the same paragraphs with the names of the original members whom they respectively succeeded. In cases, however, where a new member was not thus merely substituted for an original member, but was, or appears to have been, superadded on his own account, the name is printed in its alpha 1 betical order, but a little inwards in the page. The dates of the substitutions or superadditions, so far as they can be gathered from the Lords and Commons Journals, are duly inserted: ARROWSMITH, JOHN, M.A. (Cantab.): Vicar of Lynn, Norfolk, ætat. 41. He had been a Fellow of Catherine Hall when Milton was at Cambridge. He was a man with a glass eye," having lost one of his eyes by an arrow-shot. ASHE, SIMEON (Cantab.): minister of St. Bride's, London. He was appointed to the Assembly, June 14, 1643, instead of Josias Shute, B.D., named in the Ordinance, but dead. Ashe had had a living in Staffordshire, but had been dispossessed for Puritanism, and had resumed duty as a military Chaplain in attendance on the Earl of Manchester. BATHURST, THOMAS (or THEOPHILUS): Vicar of Overton with Fyfield, Wilts (?). BAYLY, THOMAS, B.D. (Oxon.): Rector of Manningford Bruce, Co. Wilts, ætat. circ. 58; ob. 1663. BOWLES, OLIVER, B.D. (Cantab.): Rector of Sutton, Bedfordshire; ob. 1644.- In his place there was appointed to the Assembly (March 19, 1644-5) THOMAS FORD, M.A. (Oxon.), preacher at Exeter, atat. 40. He had been tutor in Magdalen Hall, Oxford, but had lost his tutorship and all chance of preferment in the Church in consequence of a Puritanical sermon preached in 1631. BRIDGE, WILLIAM, M.A. (Cantab.): minister at Yarmouth, Norfolk; atat. 43. He had been a Fellow of Emanuel College, and a preacher in Norwich; but, having been silenced for nonconformity by Bishop Wren, had gone to Holland (1637), and become pastor to an English congregation in Rotterdam. He had returned in 1641. BROWNRIGGE, RALPH, D.D., Bishop of Exeter (Cantab.). Appointed originally as one of the representatives of Cambridge University in the Assembly, but never took his place. BULKELEY (or BUCKLEY), RICHARD, B.D. He represented Anglesey. BURGESS, ANTHONY, M.Á. (Cantab.): Rector of Sutton-Coldfield, Warwickshire, and Lecturer at Lawrence Jewry in London. He had been a Fellow of Emanuel College, Cambridge. BURGES, CORNELIUS, D.D. (Oxon.): Vicar of Watford, Herts; atat, circ. 50. He had been Chaplain in Ordinary to Charles I.; but for some years had been one of the loudest of the Puritan ministers. He had argued the question of cathedral establishments, on the Puritan side, against Hacket on the other, before the House of Commons (see antè, p. 228). He was one of the Assessors to Prolocutor Twisse, and was a man of consequence in the Assembly, and, indeed, till the Restoration; after which he lost his considerable wealth and fell into extreme distress. He died July 1665, and was buried in Watford church. BURROUGHS, JEREMIAH, M.A. (Cantab.): atat. circ. 43. His nonconforming opinions had driven him abroad, and he had been minister (along with Bridge) to an English congregation at Rotterdam. Returning in 1641, he had accepted no parochial charge, but had been occupying himself as a preacher in London-more particularly at Stepney on Sunday mornings; where he drew such large audiences and was so popular that Hugh Peters had named him "the Morning Star of Stepney." He died Nov. 1646.-To supply his place in the Assembly there was appointed (March 13, 1646-7) SAMUEL BOULTON (Cantab.), minister of St. Martin's, Ludgate. He was appointed, about the same time, to the Mastership of Christ's College, Cambridge, vacant by the death of Dr. Bainbrigge; and he lived till 1654. This Boulton must have been well known to Milton, as they had been at Christ's College together, and had taken their degrees of B.A. and M. A. at the same time (see Vol. I. pp. 184 and 225). 1 I suspect, however, that even the few divines I have had thus to distinguish as superadded were also substitutes for original members who had died or withdrawn, and that it is only because I have not been able to find out for what divines they were respectively substituted that I have to print their names apart and inwards, instead of ranging them in the same paragraphs with those whose places they took. CALAMY, EDMUND, B.D. (Cantab.): minister of Aldermanbury, London; atat. 43. He was first designated for the Assembly as one of the four representatives of the London clergy. He had been a parish-minister in Suffolk many years before, but had been ejected for nonconformity by Bishop Wren. Since his appointment to Aldermanbury in 1639 he had been one of the most popular preachers in London, and an eminent leader of the Presbyterian party. Ho was one of the "Smectymnuans." He lived till after the Restoration, and died in Oct. 1666, after having surveyed, with grief, the ruins of the Great Fire of London. CAPEL, RICHARD, M.A. (Oxon.): atat. 57. He had been a parish-minister in Gloucestershire, but had resigned the charge in 1633 on account of his Puritanism, and had since then been practising physic at Pitchcombe in the same county. He died 1656. CARYL, JOSEPH, M. A. (Oxon.): preacher at Lincoln's Inn; ætat. 41. First chosen for the Assembly as one of the four representatives of the London clergy. He was afterwards minister of St. Magnus, London Bridge; was distinguished as a Puritan preacher and author; wrote a vast commentary on the Book of Job; and died Feb. 1672-3. CASE, THOMAS, M.A. (Oxon.): minister of St. Mary Magdalen, Milk Street, London; atat. 45: ob. 1682, atut. 84. CARTER, THOMAS. CARTER, WILLIAM (Cantab.): preacher in London; ætat. 36. He died 1658. CARTER, WILLIAM: Vicar of Dinton, Bucks.-Either he or Thomas Carter was succeeded in the Assembly by a Mr. JOHNSON (March 2, 1645-6). CHAMBERS, HUMPHREY, M.A. (Oxon.): Rector of Claverton, Somersetshire; atat. 44; had been silenced and imprisoned for Puritanism. He became D.D., and died 1662. CHEYNEL, FRANCIS, M.A. (Oxon.): Rector of Petworth, Sussex; atat. 35: was afterwards D.D., President of St. John's College, Oxford, and Margaret Professor of Divinity: ob. 1665. CLARKE, PETER (Cantab.): Vicar of Carnaby, Yorkshire. CLAYTON, RICHARD: Rector of Shawell, Leicestershire. Was he the Richard Clayton (Cantab.), who was Master of University College, Oxford, and D.D. (Oxon.), after the Restoration, and who died 1676? COKE, FRANCIS: of Yoxall, Staffordshire. COLEMAN, THOMAS, M. A. (Oxon.): Vicar of Blyton, in Lincolnshire, and then Rector of St. Peter's, Cornhill, London; atat. 45; a great Hebraist, so that he was called "Rabbi Coleman: " ob. March 1646-7. CONANT, JOHN, B.D.: Rector of Limington in Somersetshire (not Lymington in Hants). He is to be distinguished from his nephew, of the same name, afterwards Archdeacon of Norwich, &c. CORBET, EDWARD, M.A. (Oxon.): minister of Chatham, Kent: ob. 1657. DE LA MARCHE, M. JEAN, ministers of the French Protestant Church DE LA PLACE, M. SAMUEL, 3 in London: they were designated for the Assembly to represent Jersey and Guernsey. DOWNING, CALIBUTE, D.D. (Oxon.): Vicar of Hackney, Middlesex; atat. 37. He died very soon after the Assembly had begun its sittings.-His successor as member of the Assembly (appointed Nov. 2, 1643) was the celebrated JOHN DURIE, of whom we have already had occasion to give some account (antè, pp. 367-9). Since 1641, when we last saw him, he had been residing chiefly at the Hague, but probably with excursions hither and thither on the Continent, and certainly with his eyes fixed on England, where the ecclesiastical confusion that was raging seemed to offer new chances for what he called his "negotiation." The union of the Calvinists and Lutherans of Europe was still Durie's one idea or passion, by which he measured everything, and in the interests of which he would go anywhere and put himself in the midst of any turmoil; and, just as formerly he had been in communication on the subject with Laud, Hall, and other English prelates, so more recently he had been corresponding with the chiefs of the different varieties of the ascendant Puritanism. His appointment to the Westminster Assembly by the English Parliament was rather, I should suppose, in recognition of his peculiar European notoriety, acquired by the incessant prosecution of his own idea for nearly fifteen years, than in expectation of much direct practical counsel from him in the immediate problems of the English Church. He did, nevertheless, appear in the Assembly, and take some considerable part in the proceedings. As I find it distinctly on record, however, that he was minister of the English Merchants' Kirk in Rotterdam in 1645, it seems necessary to imagine that, after he had taken his place in the Westminster Assembly, he went and came between England and the Continent as suited him, though more and more tending to residence in England. One hears of him, at all events, as in England, off and on, till about the time of the Restoration. DUNNING, WILLIAM: Rector of Goodalston, Notts. His ELLIS, EDWARD, B.D. of Guilsfield, Montgomeryshire. FEATLEY, DANIEL, D.D. (Oxon.): Provost of Chelsea College, and Rector of Lambeth, and of Acton, Middlesex, but residing in Lambeth; atat. 61. family name was "Fairclough;" but this had been corrupted into "Featley' -which spelling he had adopted. He had been known in the Church, as a writer and otherwise, for more than thirty years. In 1626 he had been appointed by Archbishop Abbot to the Rectory of Allhallows in Bread Street, Milton's native parish, in succession to Stock. He had held this living for only a little time, removing from it to Acton. He was a veteran Calvinist, and had been popular on that account; but, as he adhered to Episcopacy, and yet persisted in attending the Assembly, they suspected his motives, and found an opportunity to eject him, Sept. 1643. He died 1645.-His successor in the Assembly (appointed May 7, 1645) was RICHARD BYFIeld, M.A. (Oxon.), Rector of Long Ditton, Surrey, and brother of Adoniram Byfield, one of the Scribes of the Assembly. He died Dec. 1664. FOXCROFT, JOHN (B. A. Cantab., M.A. Oxon.): Rector of Gotham, in Notts. GAMMON, HANNIBAL, M.A. (Oxon.): Rector of St. Mawgan in Cornwall; atat. 61. He seems not to have served, probably on account of his distance from London, and so not to have inflicted on the Assembly the ludicrousness of his name. GATAKER, THOMAS, B. D. (Cantab.): Rector of Rotherhithe; atat. 69. This veteran Puritan, known to us since Milton's childhood (Vol. I. p. 40 and p. 52), was one of the most respected and influential of the members of the Assembly— his reputation for learning being hardly less than for piety and sound doctrine. He refused various offers of preferment, and remained pastor of Rotherhithe till his death in 1654, atat. 80. His writings are numerous. GIBBON, JOHN (Cantab.): of Waltham. GIBSON, SAMUEL: of Burleigh, Rutlandshire. GIPPES, GEORGE: Rector of Aylestone, Leicestershire. GOAD (or GOOD), WILLIAM, B.D.: Rector of Denton, Norfolk (superadded by Lords, the Commons agreeing, Feb. 1, 1643-4). GOODWIN, THOMAS, D.D. (Cantab.): minister to a congregation in St. Dunstan'sin-the-East, Thames Street, London; ætat. 43. He had been of note among the English Puritans since his Cambridge days; had left the University on grounds of conscience in 1634; had gone to Holland in 1639 and become minister of an English congregation at Arnheim; and had but recently returned. He afterwards became President of Magdalen, Cambridge; but resigned at the Restoration and resumed preaching. He died Feb. 167980, atat. 80, and is still remembered as one of the Fathers of English Independency. GOUGE, WILLIAM, D.D. (Cantab.): atat. 68; minister of Blackfriars, London, since 1608. He had long been highly venerated among the Puritans, there being scarce a lord or lady or citizen of quality in or about the city that were piously inclined but they sought his acquaintance." He died Dec. 12, 1653; atat. 79. See a memoir of him, with portrait, appended to Clarke's General Martyrologie (1677). GOWER, STANLEY: Rector of Brampton-Bryan, Herefordshire. GREENHILL, WILLIAM, M.A. (Cantab.): ætat. 52; evening-lecturer at Stepney, HACKET, JOHN, D.D. (Cantab.): Rector of St. Andrew's, Holborn, Chaplain to the King, &c.; atat. 52. He had defended cathedral establishments before the Parliament (see antè, p. 228), and was altogether on the anti-Parliamentarian side. Consequently he never sat in the Assembly, and was under a cloud during the Commonwealth; but, after the Restoration, he became Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry. He died Oct. 1670. HALL, HENRY, B.D. (Cantab.): minister at Norwich. HAMMOND, HENRY, D.D. (Oxon.): Rector of Penshurst, Kent; atat. 38. He never sat in the Assembly; was a decided Royalist through the Civil War, and, going to Oxford, became Chaplain to the King, and University, Orator. He was in great esteem among the Royalists, and a voluminous writer. He died on the eve of the Restoration. HARDWICKE, HUMPHREY: Rector of Hadham, Herts (appointed May 1644). HARRIS, JOHN, D.Ú. (Oxon.): Rector of Meon Stoke, Hants, and Warden of Wykeham College, Winchester; atat. 55. He died Aug. 1658.-As he did not take his place in the Assembly, his appointment was cancelled by the Commons Oct. 11, 1643; and there was appointed in his stead (confirmed by the Lords Oct. 16, 1643), DANIEL CAWDREY, (Cantab.), Rector of Great Billing, Northampton shire. He died 1664. HARRIS, ROBERT, M.A. (Oxon.): Rector of Hanwell, Oxfordshire; atat. 65. He did not immediately take his place in the Assembly, and, after he did take it, was more of a listener than a speaker. He was afterwards D.D. and President of Trinity College, Oxford, and died Dec. 1658, ætat. 80. HERLE, CHARLES, M. A. (Oxon.): Rector of Winwick in Lancashire; atat. 45. He was an active member of Assembly, and, on Twisse's death in 1646, succeeded as Prolocutor. He died at Winwiek 1659. HERRICK, RICHARD, M.A. (Oxon.): Warden of the Collegiate Church, Manchester; ætat. 43. He died 1667. HICKES, JASPER, M. A. (Oxon.): Vicar of Landrake in Cornwall; atat. 38: ob. 1677. HILDERSHAM, SAMUEL, B.D. (Cantab.): minister of Felton, Shropshire (?) HILL, THOMAS, B.D. (Cantab.): Rector of Titchmarsh in Northamptonshire, and formerly Fellow and Tutor of Emanuel College, Cambridge. He was intimately acquainted with Lord Brooke, whom he frequently visited at Warwick Castle; and he had married a governess in that family. He became afterwards Master of Emanuel College, and then of Trinity College, Cambridge, and D.D. He died Dec. 18, 1653. There is a brief memoir of him in Clarke's General Martyrologie (1677). HODGES, THOMAS, B. D. (Cantab.): Reetor of Kensington. Was Dean of Hereford after the Restoration, and died 1672. HOLDSWORTH, RICHARD, D.D. (Cantab.): Master of Emanuel College, Cambridge. He never sat in the Assembly; was Royalist throughout; suffered much for his Royalism; and died 1649. HOYLE, JOSHUA, D.D. (Oxon.): Vicar of Stepney, where he was not so popular as his coadjutors, the two lecturers Burroughs and Greenhill. He had been Divinity Professor in Trinity College, Dublin, but had been driven from Ireland by the Rebellion. He was afterwards Master of University College, Oxford, and died 1654. HUTTON, HENRY, M.A.: minister in Westmoreland (?). JACKSON, JOHN, M.A.: preacher at Gray's Inn. LANCE, WILLIAM: Rector of Harrow: discontinued his attendance very soon. LANGLEY, JOHN: Rector of West Tytherley, Hampshire. LEY, JOHN, M.A. (Oxon.): Vicar of Great Budworth, Cheshire; atat. 60: ob. 1662, ætat. 79. LIGHTFOOT, JOHN, D.D. (Cantab.): atat. 41. This eminent theologian, deemed the most learned Orientalist or Rabbinical scholar of his age, had been educated at Christ's College, Cambridge, with Chappell for his tutor, and had completed his studies there just when Milton was beginning his. He was Rector of Ashley in Staffordshire when the Assembly was called; but soon afterwards was promoted to the living of Much-Munden in Herts. In 1649 he became Master of Catherine Hall, Cambridge. He retained both preferments till his death in 1675, ætat. 73. LOVE, RICHARD, D.D. (Cantab.): of Bennet, or Corpus Christi, College, Cambridge. LOVE, CHRISTOPHER, M.A. (Oxon.): minister of St. Anne's, Aldersgate, London; one of the superadded divines. He was of Welsh birth; and, though not more than 25 years of age, was already widely known for his Presbyterian zeal. A sad fate was awaiting him. LYFORD, WILLIAM, M.A. (Oxon.): Vicar of Sherborne, Dorsetshire; ætat. 45. He never sat in the Assembly, and lived till 1653, when he died "of a painful and sharp disease, by the witchcraft, as 'tis said, of certain Quakers." MARSHALL, STEPHEN, B. D. (Cantab.): Vicar (?) of Finchingfield in Essex; known as one of the best Puritans of his day, and as one of the "Smectymnuans ;' and by many thought to be the best preacher in England. He lived, greatly |