fi non federet mihi fixum immo- Si mihi non animo fixum, immotumque fedetumque animo, ne cui vellem foGiare me jugali vire'o, poftquam primus amor fefellit me deceptam morte; fi non pertafum fuiffet me thalami tædæque, forfan potui fu cumbere buic uni culpa. Anna, ego enim falebor tibi, bic folus inflexit meos fenfus, impulitque meum animum labantem, poft fata mei miferi conju gis Sichai, et penates fparfos fraterna cæde: agnofco veftigia mex veteris fumma: fed optem ret, 15 Ne cui me vinclo vellem fociare jugali, ut vel ima tellus debifcat mihi, 25 Pallentes umbras Erebi, noctemque profundam, Ante, pudor, quàm te violo, aut tua jura refolvo. TRANSLATION. been fixed and stedfaft in my Refolution never to join myself to any in the Bonds of Wedlock, fince my first Love by death has mocked and disappointed my fond Hopes of Happinefs: Had I not been fick of the Marriage bed and Nuptial Torch, to this one Frailty I might perhaps give Way. Anna (for I will frankly own it) fince the Deceafe of my unhappy Spouse Sichæus, what Time the Houfhold gods were ftained with his Blood shed by a Brother, he alone has warped my Inclinations, and made Impreffion on my wavering Mind: I feel the Symptoms of my former Flame. But fooner may Earth from her Center open to swallow me up, or Almighty Father Jove hurl me by his Thunder to the Shades, the pale Shades of Erebus, and deepest Night, than I violate thee, O facred Mo NOTE S. Heaven: Hence Cicero, fpeaking of Gatiline Incontinency. Hence, fays Valerius, Lib. II. wicked Gang, who were grown in a Manner toolim que uno matrimonio contentæ fuerunt, copowerful for the Commonwealth, and acted in rona pudicitia honorabantur: multorum matriDefiance of the Laws, fays, he was confidentmoniorum experientiam legitima cujufdam intemfome fecret unforefcen Calamity would overtake perantiæ fignum credentes. But culpa is fome them: Quibus ego confida impendere fatum aliquod. Čat. II. 5. imes taken fimply for an Indulgence of the Paffion of Love, however innocent, as in Statius, Theb. 2, fpeaking of the Daughters of 14. Exhaufta. Non inchoata tantum, fed Adraftus, when they were led forth by their perfecta, et ad ultimum conftantiffimè perducta: Father to be given away to the Hufbands of Not only begun, but accomplished, and with the their virginity: greatest Refolution brought to a Period. The Word carries an Allufion to the Draining of fome bitter and unpleafant Cup to the very laft Dregs. Ibant infignes vultuque babituque verendo 17. Deceptam morte fefellit. Poflquam fpe perpetui amoris, interfecto marito, fruftrata fum, So Ovid, fays Scaliger, Lib. IV. Cap. 16. Ludite, fed furto celetur culpa modelo. 2. Art. 27. Ante, pudor, quàm te, &c. 19. Culpa. Becaufe fecond Marriages were The ante fomewhat infamous, as carrying a Sufpicion of here is redundant, for prius goes before: fo that the 30 Ille meos, primus qui me fibi junxit, amores, 35 TRANSLATION. ille, qui primus junxit me fibi, abftulit meos amores; ille babeat eos fecum, fervetque eos in fepulchro, Illa effata fic, implevit finum lacrymis obortis. Ánna refert: 0 magis dilecta forori luce, tune fola mærens curpère in perpetua juventá? nec noris dulces natos, nec præmia Veneris? credifne cinerem, aut fepultos manes curare id? Ejl, nulli mariti quondam flexere te @gram, non Libya, non ante in Tyro : esto, Iarbas fuit despec defty! or break thy Laws. He who first linked me to himself, hath borne away my Heart, may he poffefs it ftill, and retain it in his Grave. This faid, the filled her bofom with trickling Tears. Anna replies: O dearer to thy Sifter than the Light, and will you thus in mournful Solitude wafte all your Bloom of Youth, nor know the dear Delights of Children, and Joys of Love? Think you cold Afhes and the buried Dead regard these your Vows and Promises? What though no Lovers moved you before when your Sorrows were green, nor here in Libya, nor before in Tyre? What though you flighted Iarbas and other Princes whom Afric, fertile in Triumphs, maintains? Will you alfo NOTE S. the fentence runs thus: tellus prius debifcat, with the true Character of this Princefs, and ante quam, pudor, violo te. But examples of thews how widely the Poet differs from the Hifthe fame Kind occur in other Authors, even in torian: Cum fucceffu rerum florentes Carthaginis Profe Authors; particularly in Salluft, who opes effent, rex Maxitanorum Hiarbus, decem fays: Ac prius quam legiones fcriberentur, multa Panorum principibus ad fe arceffitis, Elifa nupante capere qua bello ufui forent. In Catil. And tias fub belli denuntiatione petit: quod legati reCorn. Nepos in Vit. Att. Atque antea quidem gina referre metuentes, Punico cum ea ingenio emorbi diuturnitatem molefte ferebat, priufquamigerunt; nuntiantes regem aliquem pofcere, qui cultiores victus eum Afrofque perdoceat: fed quem 27. Violo-refolvo. This is the reading of inveniri poffe, qui ad Barbaros et ferarun more the best and most ancient Manufcripts: Some viventes tranfire à confanguineis velit? Tunc others, however, read violem refolvam. à regina caftigati, Si pro falute patriæ afperio bec ei accideret. 30. Sinum-implevit. By finum here Servirem vitam recufarent, cui etiam ipfa vita, fi res , and with him Turnebus, understands the exigat, debeatur; regis mandata aperuere, dicenCavity of the Eye, as the word fometimes fig-tes, Qua præcipiat aliis, ipfi facienda effe, fi nifies. But the common fenfe of the Word is velit urbi confultum effe. Hoc dolo capta, din furely the stronger and more expreffive of the Acerba viri nomine cum multis lacrymis et lamentwo, as it fhews her Tears to be more copious, tatione flebili invocato, ad poftremum ituram fe and paints her Paffion more violent. quo fuæ urbis fata vocarent, refpondit. In bo 35 Nulli mariti. That is, none who court-trium menfium fumpto spatiɔ, pyrà in ultimâ pared to be your Husband. te urbis extructa, velut placatura viri mares, 36. Iarbas. Juftin gives a very diftinct and inferiafque ante nuptias miffura, multas beftia: particular Account of the Propotals of Marriage adit, et fumpto gladio pyram confcendit: atque made by this Prince to Queen Dide, and of the ita ad populum refpiciens, ituram fe ad virum, Way in which the received his Offer. I fhall ficut præceperant, dixit; vitamque gladio finis give it to the Reader in his own Words, and vit. Lib. XVIII. 6. at full Length, because it ferves to acquaint him! 38. Triumphis pugnabifne etiam placito ameri? Nec venit tibi in mentem in quorum arvis confederis? Hinc urbes Getula, genus infuperabile bello, et infrani Numida cingunt te, et inhofpita Syrtis; binc regio deferta fiti, BarcaiQuid Dives alit; placitone etiam pugnabis amori ? dicam bella furgentia de Barcæi? quid bella Tyro furgentia dicam, Tyro, minafque fratris tui germani? Ego equidem reor Iliacas carinas vento tenuiffe curfum buc, Dis aufpicibus, et Junone fecundâ. O foror, quam urbem tu cernes bane! quæ regna cernes furgere è tali conjugio! quantis rebus Punica gloria attollet fe, armis tu pofce Deos veniam, facrifque litatis, indulge bofpitio, innecteque caufas morandi; Teucrum comitantibus tua! modo Germanique minas? 44 Dis equidem aufpicibus reor, et Junone fecundâ, gere regna Conjugio tali! Teucrûm comitantibus armis, TRANSLATIO N. 50 refit the Flame which you approve, nor once reflect in whofe Country you now refide? Here Getulian Cities, a Race invincible in War, fierce, untamed Numidians, and inhofpitable Quick-fands, inclofe you round: There a Region by Thirst into a Defert turned, and the Barcæans, who ftretch their Fury wide o'er the Land. What need I mention the kindling Wars from Tyre, and the Menaces of your incenfed Brother? Sure it was by the aufpicious Influence of the Gods, and by the particular Favour of Juno, the Trojan Ships fteered their Course to this our Coaft. O Sifter, how flourishing fhall you fee this City, how potent your Kingdom rife from fuck a Match! By what high Exploits fhall the Carthaginian Glory be advanced, when the Trojan Arms join your own? Wherefore, be this your fole Concern to fupplicate the Favour of the Gods, and, having by facred Rites rendered Heaven propitious, freely indulge yourself in Acts of Hofpitality, and devife one Pretence after another for detaining your Guest, while NOTE S. 38. Triumphis dives. Some alledge that the 44. Germanique minas. Juftin informs us, Africans never triumphed at all. But Servius that, when Pygmalion heard of his Sifter's havquotes the Authority both of Pliny and Trogus ing made her Escape, he defigned to have purPompeius, to prove that they on the Contrary fued her, and was with Difficulty with-held were the first who invented triumphal Shews; from his Purpose, by the Intreaties of his Moto which Invention the Romans afterwards laid ther, and the Threatenings of the Gods: Dum Claim. To confirm Servius's Opinion, Juftin hac aguntur, Pygmalion, cognita fororis fuga, tells us, that Afdrubal, in particular, had been cum impio bello fugientem perfequi pararet, egre honoured with four Triumphs, Lib. XIX. Cap. precibus matris, et Deorum minis victus, quie1. Cajus (Hafdrubalis) mortem, cum luctus civi-vit: cui cum infpirati vates canerent, non imtatis, cum et dictaturæ undecim, et triumphi qua- pune laturum, incrementa urbis toto orbe auftuor infignem fecere. picatiffimæ interpellaffet, boc modo fpatium re40. Getula, &c. The Getulians inhabited spirandi fugientibus datum, Lib. XVIII. Cap. 5. fouthward from Carthage. The Numidians to 45. Junone fecundâ. Juno is particularly the West poffeffed the Country which we now mentioned, both because the prefided over Marcall Bilidulgerid. The Barcaans, again, towards riage, and because Carthage was under her pecuthe Eaft, that which is now called The Kingdom liar Pationage. of Barca. 50. Sacrifque litatis. Litare fignifies to propitiate Dum pelago defævit hiems, et aquofus Orion, more, a 54 Spemque dedit dubiæ menti, folvitque pudorem. TRANSLATION. Winter's Fury rages on the Sea, and Orion charged with Rain; while his Ships are fhattered and the Air is intolerably fevere. By this Speech fhe fanned the Fire of Love kindled before in Dido's Breaft, buoyed up her wavering Mind with Hope, and banished her Modefty. First to the Temple they repair, and by Sacrifice the Peace of Heaven explore: To Ceres the Lawgiver, to Phœbus, and to Father Bacchus, they offer Ewes of two Years old as the Manner was: Above all to Juno, whofe Province it is to bind the nup NOTE S. pitiate by Sacrifice, as we have rendered it. As 56. Pacemque per aras exquirunt. The Exfor the Criticism of Servius, who fays, Diis li-preffion exquirunt pacem per aras, refers to the tatis debuit dicere, non enim facra fed Deos lita-Way of prying into the Entrails of the Victim, mus, id eft, placamus: ergo nove dixit, it is in order to know the Will of the Gods: theregroundless; for Examples occur where the Word fore it follows, is the fame way ufed. Thus Lucan fays, Neque enim tibi fumme litavi Jupiter bec facrum. -pecudumque reclufis Pectoribus, inbians fpirantia confulit exta. 57. Lectas de more bidentes. The Heathen, So Propertius has exta litare; and Suetonius, as well as Jewish Religion, ordained that no Nam et victimas Diti patri cafas litavit, Otho Victims should be offered to the Gods, but fuch 8. or the Words will agree even to Servius's own as were found, perfect in all their Parts, and Notion; for why may it not be litatis facris without any Blemish; this I take to be the Imi. e. per facra, baving propitiated them by Sacri- port of de more. fe, viz. the Gods whom he had juft mentioned. 58. Legifera Cereri. Ceres the Daughter of 52. Dum pelago defævit biems. Many of the Saturn and Ops, and Mother of Proferpina by Commentators explain this Paffage as if the Jove, who found out the Ufe of Corn, and Meaning was, Till the Rage of Winter be over-taught Agriculture in Attica, Italy, and Sicily: aft: But what fhall we then make of the reft upon which Account, as Pliny obferves, the was of the Sentence, et aquofus Orion, quafataque reckoned a Goddess, Ob id Dea judicata. The rates, dum non tractabile cælum, which ought then fame Author tells us, the was the first who to be tranflated, Till Orion brings on Storms of founded Laws, tho' others affign that Honour to Rain, till bis Ships be battered, and there be no Rhadamanthus, Hift. Nat, Lib. VII. Cap. 56. bearing the Inclemencies of the Weather. Which, Dido therefore offers Sacrifice to her, as having inftead of being Arguments for his Stay, are most initituted Laws, efpecially thofe of Marriage, powerful Motives to haften his Departure. When and civilized Mankind from their rude, ut cial the Senfe of the Paffage is fo plain, it is in vain State. to urge the common Ufe of the Word in other! 58. Phaboque. She offered Sacrifice to PhaAuthors. Ruaus quotes another Paffage in Virus, as the God who prefided over Futurity, gil, where defenit is most certainly to be taken that he might fend propitious Omens to countein the fame Senfe as here; Sic toto neas defævit in æquore vi&or, Ut femel intepuit mucro. Æn. X. 569. nance the intended Match. 58. Patrique Lyao. Bacchus is worshipped as the God of Mirth and Jollity, Adfit letitia Bacchus Ipfa tenens dextrâ pateram pulcherrima Dido, 60 tem, 65 Quid delubra juvant! eft mollis flamma medullas fixit Paftor agens telis, liquitque volatile ferrum TRANSLATION. 70 tial Tie. The Queen herself in all her Beauty, holding in her Right hand the confecrated Cup, pours it between the Horns of a white Heifer: Ŏr before the Images of the Gods in folemn Pomp around the loaded Altars walks, renews one Offering after another all the Day long, and, prying into the difclofed Breafts of the Victims, confults their panting Entrails. But ah! the blind Credulity of Augurs and Diviners! what can Prayers, what can Temples avail a raging Lover? The gentle Flame preys all the while upon her Vitals, and the fecret Wound festers in her Breast. Unhappy Dido burns, and frantic roves o'er all the Town: like a wounded Deer whom, heedlefs of her Fate, a Shepherd pursuing with his Darts has pierced at a Distance among the Cretan Woods, and in the Wound left the winged Steel unknown: She flying bounds over the Dictaan Woods and Lawns: The fatal Shaft fticks in her Side. Now the conducts Æneas NOTE S. Bacchus dator, that he might crown the Match with perpetual Joy. In tua quod fpargi cornua poffit erit. Go, wanton Goat, about the Vineyard browze 61. Media inter cornua fundit. This is ac- On the young Shoots, and flop the rifing Juice; cording to the Roman Manner of performing Sa- You'll leave enough to pour between your Horns, crifice. After the Immolatio, which confifted in When for your Sake the ballow'd Altar burns. throwing Corn and Frankincenfe, together with Met. VII. 504. the Mola, i. e. Bran or Meal mixed with Salt, 62. Ante ora Deum-fpatiatur. That is, beupon the Head of the Beast, the Priest sprink-fore the Images of the Gods: This is spoken aled Wine between the Horns. As En. VI.greeably to the Custom of the Romans; among So enal. Sat. XII. Verfe 7. whom the Matrons were wont on Holydays to walk in a grave and folemn Manner before the Altars, with Torches in their Hands. Which Quippe ferox vitulus, templis maturus, et ara, Horace feems to have had in his Eye in this Spargendufque mero. And Ovid more exprefly, Rode, caper, vitem; tamen bine cum ftabis ad aram, Verfe, Ut feftis matrona moveri jussa diebus. Art. 232. 69. Qualis conjectá cerva, &. This is a very |