Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR VII _ Phase 2

Front Cover
This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called _late_ effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.
 

Contents

Public Summary
1
Executive Summary
11
1 Background Information
19
2 Molecular and Cellular Responses to Ionizing Radiation
43
Mechanisms Quantitative Experimental Studies and the Role of Genetic Factors
65
4 Heritable Genetic Effects of Radiation in Human Populations
91
5 Background for Epidemiologic Methods
132
6 Atomic Bomb Survivor Studies
141
12 Estimating Cancer Risk
267
13 Summary and Research Needs
313
Appendixes
325
A Basic Biological and Genetic Concepts
327
Dose Response Studies with Physicians per 100000 Population
329
C Issues Raised by the Institute for Energy and Environment Research IEER
330
D Hormesis
332
E FifteenCountry Workers Study
336

7 Medical Radiation Studies
155
8 Occupational Radiation Studies
189
9 Environmental Radiation Studies
207
10 Integration of Biology and Epidemiology
239
11 Risk Assessment Models and Methods
259
References
337
Glossary
373
Committee Biographies
379
Index
385
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