coleres umbras, 'the swift shadows,' a bold instance of the transference of epithets, celeres denoting the quality of the arrow. incognita, 'unsoreseen.'

862-864. 'Shrinking suddenly to the shape of a puny bird, that ofttimes perched by night on tombs or lonely roof-tops sounds late into the darkness its ill-omened note.' subitam, adverbial. importuna, lit. 'inconvenient' (the opposite of opportunus), and so 'ill-omened,' as Ģ. i. 470 obscenaeque canes importunaeque volucres.

869. stridorem et alas, 'whirring wings' (hendiadys).

870. scindit solutos = solvit et scindit.

871. soror, emphatic, 'with a sister's passion.'

873. durae, 'hard-hearted.' Juturna reproaches herself for the immortality which obliges her to forsake and survive her brother (Kenn.).

879-881. 'Why (quo, to what end?) gave he me immortality? Why was the law of death abolished? Else could I at this very moment end all my sorrow, and pass to the shades with my ill-fated brother.'

882. meorum, neuter; 'can aught I have give pleasure without thee.' 883. erit, see Introd. p. xvii. o quae satis, 'would that the earth might yawn deep enough,' etc., lit. 'what earth could yawn,' etc.

885. glauco, the dress of river-gods is bluish-grey, as representing the colour of their waters.

887, 888. contra, sc. Turnum. ingens, accus. neut.; not (as Servius) nom. masc. arboreum, 'like a tree;' cp. telo trabali 1. 294.

889. 'What now the next delay? Why, Turnus, now draw back?' 891, 892. facies, 'shapes.' contrahe, etc., 'muster all your skill and all your courage.'

896. circumspicit, 'looks round and sees.'

898. 'Set for a boundary in the field, to settle disputes about (lit. for) the land.' Virgil in this passage is following partly Il. xxi. 405 sqq., where Athene hurls at Ares a huge stone, Τόν δ ̓ ἄνδρες πρότεροι θέσαν ἔμμεναι οὗρον ȧpoúpns: partly Il. xii. 445 sqq., where Hector brandishes a stone that two mortals of a later day could hardly lift on to a waggon.

901, 902. ille . . . heros, see on x. 198, and cp. Il. v. 308 avràp o y' hpws Eστη yvùέ épinάv. torquebat, 'tried to hurl.' cursu concitus, 'running at speed,' to give impetus to the throw.

903, 904. 'But he knew not his old self as he moved, or ran, or raised his arm, or flung the monstrous stone.' For se cognoscit cp. Lucr. vi. 1214 Atque etiam quosdam cepere oblivia rerum Cunctarum, neque se possent cognoscere ut ipsi.

906, 907. Then the hero's stone likewise (1pse, i.e. in its turn), as through void air it spun, reached not the measure of its cast nor carried home its blow.' inane, the Lucretian term for the 'void' in which atoms come together, is here used loosely for the air, as once by Lucretius himself (ii. 116) of the air in which the motes in a sunbeam move about.

908-914. 'And as in dreams, where drowsy rest has scaled the eyes at

night, we seem to try in vain to ply our eager course, and sink back helpless in mid effort; dumb is the tongue, in every limb the wonted powers fail; no sound or word comes forth: e'en so from Turnus, wheresoe'er his valour sought a way, the Fury withheld success.' The hint of this simile is from Il. xxii. 199 sqq. ὡς δ' ἐν ὀνείρῳ οὐ δύναται φεύγοντα διώκειν, etc. : the language and rhythm recall Lucretius, iv. 453 sqq. Denique cum suavi devinxit membra sopore Somnus, et in summa corpus iacet omne quiete, Tum vigilare tamen nobis et membra movere Nostra videmur. extendere, lit. 'stretch out.' corpore, local ablative. sensus, 'feelings.'

920. sortitus fortunam oculis, 'choosing his opportunity with his eye;' cp. xi. 761 quae sit fortuna facillima, temptat. corpore toto, 'with all his strength.'

921-923. murali, etc., 'less loud the roar of stones from battering engine cast, less loud the rattling thunder-peal.' dissultant, of the bursting sound.

924, 925. oras, the 'edge' or 'border.' extremos orbes, the 'outer edges' of the circular layers' which, one upon another, formed the shield: this being the weakest part.

933. cura, 'regard for a parent.'

941, 942. infelix, 'fatal' or 'ill-omened;' see x. 495 sqq. for the story of the belt of Pallas. cingula, synonymous with balteus, is introduced for the sake of adding the further detail notis bullis.

947. indute, vocative for nominative, as ii. 283 quibus Hector ab oris Exspectate venis.

048. eripiare, dubitative subj.

949. immolat, 'as a victim required by justice' (Con.).

:

952. Repeated from xi. 831 (of Camilla). Servius explains indignata with reference to the fact that both Turnus and Camilla die young, and so prematurely as e. g. the souls of infants are represented flentes in limine primo in the world below vi. 427, and the soul of Lausus quits his body maesta x. 820. So Homer, of the death of Patroclus (Il. xvi. 856), Ψυχὴ δ ̓ ἐκ ῥεθέων πταμένη 'Λϊδόσδε βέβηκεν Ὃν πότμον γοόωσα, λιποῦσ ̓ ȧdρотĥτα κal ẞnv. But is not the idea in all these passages more general, that the soul is loath to quit light and life, and the 'warm precincts of the cheerful day'?

INDEX TO THE NOTES.

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