PREFACE. MANY reasons and suggestions not necessary to enumerate here, have induced me to offer these volumes, which have been long thought of, to the consideration of the public. Years of uninterrupted private friendship, and professional association of the most intimate nature with the leading personage of the work, have afforded me facilities and information which no one else possesses to the same extent. With these advantages and materials, I shall endeavour to add a faithful and, as I trust, a profitable contribution to the dramatic records of our country. It is an easier, as well as a less delicate task, to write a memoir of the dead than of the living. Facts may be stated and opinions delivered with more unreserved confidence, and diminished danger of offence or controversy, when they relate to one whose transitory probation has been completed, whose earthly career is finally closed, and to whom may be applied the touching elegy of Shakespeare: "Fear no more the heat of the sun, Nor the furious winter's rages; Home art gone and ta'en thy wages." In the present instance, we may safely foreshadow the future by the past, and predict with certainty that the end (far distant may it be) will crown the work, and that “the catastrophe will do no dishonour to the conduct of the piece." * A biography must be undertaken by one of four persons: by the subject of it himself, by a stranger, an enemy, or a friend. If a man chronicles his own deeds, although it is quite certain that he knows his motives of action and phases of thought, more minutely than they can be interpreted by another, human weakness interferes with a true delineation. In spite of himself, or his inherent conscientiousness, he will palliate or justify his errors, exaggerate his good intentions, or gloss them over to avoid the charge of egotism. If he descends to " Confessions," he commits moral suicide. The reputation of Rousseau, unenviable as it is, suffered immeasurably from his; and the fame of Lord Byron would have been tarnished for ever, if Moore had not consigned his "private diary" to the flames. A stranger must acquire his knowledge from desultory sources, when and where he can; from current report, popular fallacies, general conversation, or imperfect documents. He can scarcely be ranked higher than a secondary evidence. An enemy dips his pen in gall, misrepresents everything, and systematically distorts truth for the express purpose of presenting a repulsive portrait. An honest friend is most to be depended on. He speaks from his own knowledge, has means at command, and may be expected to use them fairly. In this light I hope to be considered; and if the following pages evince a general disposition to praise rather than * Junius. to censure, I have at least chosen the less popular course of the two, and would rather be accused of partiality than malice. A few passages, scattered here and there, have appeared before. They are my own, and I trust there is no plagiarism in borrowing from myself. I have been most anxious to state facts correctly. The opinions and inferences are merely ventured as the results of a single experience. Let them be taken at their value, and judged according to the weight of argument by which they are supported. There are those who think that personal memoirs should be withheld altogether during the lifetime of the parties to whom they refer. In answer to this it may be observed, that the motives and actions of public men, in whatever positions they may be placed, are frequently misrepresented or open to erroneous interpretation. Surely, under such circumstances, those who know them best are permitted, if they are not absolutely called upon, to rectify mistakes before they are sanctioned by time, or receive the stamp of current value in the absence of refutatory explanation. JOHN WILLIAM COLE. LONDON, July 25, 1859. CONTENTS TO VOLUME I. The Subject opened—Birth of Charles Kean-Brief Retrospect of the Early Stage in England-Betterton-Booth-Quin- Garrick-Henderson-John Kemble-George Frederick Cooke -William T. Lewis-Reputed Decline of the Modern Stage, and Causes thereof-Increase of Theatres-Multiplication of Actors-Relative number of Theatres in London and Paris- Unfitness of Aspirants for Dramatic Honours-Drudgery of Inferior Actors-Fascinations peculiar to Acting-A Manager's Correspondence-How Actors might be Trained-Overflow of Covent Garden and Drury Lane burnt down in 1808 and 1809- Application for a Third Patent rejected-O. P. Riots at Covent Garden--Injudicious Proceedings and Ultimate Submission of the Managers-Strength of the Covent Garden Company- Limited Attraction of Shakespeare's Plays -Retirement of Mrs. Siddons Her Supplemental Re-appearances-Summary of her Career-Her Opinion and John Kemble's of the Diffi- culty of Acting-Anecdote from Dow's History of Hindostan -Importance of Sound Criticism-Ludicrous Mistakes and Mis-statements-Conventional Phraseology-Edmund Kean and Mrs. Garrick-Leigh Hunt and Hazlitt as Theatrical The Name of Kean in association with the Drama-Reputed Genealogy of Edmund Kean-Position of the Family during the Infancy of Charles Kean-First Engagement of Edmund Kean in London-His appearance in "Shylock" at Drury Lane- Last Performances of Mrs. Jordan at Covent Garden-Her Death at St. Cloud-Miss Stephens-Miss O'Neill-Her short and brilliant Career-Retirement of John Bannister-His Admira- Edmund Kean the sole Prop of Drury Lane-Continued Success -Sir Giles Overreach-Kean's Opinion of Talma in "Orestes " -Original Anecdotes-Encounter with Booth in "Othello" Difference of Applause in 1817 and 1857-Lord Byron's Opinions on the Actors of his Day-Conway and Warde, and Retirement of John Kemble-Public Dinner and Presentation of a Vase-Talma's Speech-Kemble as an Actor-His Black- letter Learning-His splendid Library and Reasons for its Collection-Reflections on "Bibliomania "-Public Libraries and their Utility-Kemble's Roman Costumes-Talma's Togas introduced as more Classical-Garrick's Alterations of Shake- |