Sustainable Communities in EuropeWilliam M. Lafferty A presentation of detailed comparative research into the implementation in 11 European countries of Local Agenda 21 - the action plan for sustainable development at community level. Overviews of implementation in each country are accompanied by analysis of positive and negative changes, as well as a comparative analysis with high academic and policy relevance. Numerous practical examples are included of best cases and crucial barriers. |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
The knowledge goals of the project | 7 |
Sweden | 15 |
Participation and planning for sustainability | 28 |
In search of new implementation patterns | 40 |
Norway | 83 |
45 | 99 |
6 | 130 |
France | 180 |
53 | 184 |
Austria | 206 |
Italy | 225 |
Spain | 245 |
Conclusions and perspectives | 266 |
This | 275 |
| 305 | |
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Aalborg Aalborg Charter achieved action plan actors administration adopted AFLRA Åland Albertslund approach areas aspects assessment Austria Barcelona province Calvià campaigns cent central government Chapter 28 citizens concept consultation consumption context cooperation council countries democracy Earth Summit Eckerberg eco-social Ecocity ecological economic environment and development environmental policy environmental protection European example Finland France funding global goals Grande-Synthe green groups Haslev ICLEI implementation of LA21 implementing LA21 innovations institutional integration interest investment programme involved ipalities Ireland issues Italy LA21 activities LA21 coordination LA21 implementation LA21 initiatives LA21 plan LA21 processes LA21 projects Lafferty levels of government LGMB linked ment Ministry mobilisation Netherlands NGOs Norway Norwegian obstacles organisations Oslo participatory political problems promote public participation regional authorities responsibility role Røros sectors SLC project social specific storylines strategy structural Styria subsidiarity SUSCOM sustainable cities sustainable development tion urban VOGM